Thầy Minh’s Education Studio

SAT Advanced

Extra Math
 The Ultimate Formula Sheet for SAT Math
These formulas are provided in the reference information at the beginning of each SAT math section:

Area of a Circle: A = π r2 Volume of a Rectangular Prism (Box): V = lwh

Circumference of a Circle: C = 2π r Volume of a Cylindar: V = π r 2h

Area of a Rectangle: A = lw 4 3
Volume of a Sphere: V = πr
1 3
Area of a Triangle: A = bh
2 1 2
Volume of a Cone: V = πr h
3
Pythagorean Theorem: a2 + b 2 =
c2
Special Right Triangles: 1
Volume of a Pyramid: V = lwh
3

Fractions, Decimals, and Percentages: (for this section, r is the percent in decimal form)

part Increase by a percent: multiply by (1 + r )

Fraction =
whole
Decrease by a percent: multiply by (1 − r )
part
percent = Simple Interest: =
A P(1 + rt )
100
Interest Compounded Annually: =
A P(1 + r ) t
Percent Increase or Decrease:
old − new Interest Compounded n times per year:
×100%
old  r
nt

=
A P 1 + 
 n

Rates, Ratios, and Proportions:

General form of a conversion factor: Concentration of A x Volume of A

 ending _ units  + Concentration of B x Volume of B
 starting _ units  = Final concentration (Vol. of A + Vol. of B)
 
Distance = Rate x Time
 12inches 
Example: 10feet   = 120inches
 1foot 
Exponents, Roots, & Polynomials:

Multiplication Rule for Exponents: ab + c

ab ⋅ a c = −b 1
Negative Exponents: a =
ab
ab
Division Rule for Exponents: = ab − c
( a)
c b
a b
Fractional Exponents: a = a or c c b c

(a )
c
Power Rule for Exponents:
b
= abc

Parabolas:

Standard Form: f ( x ) = ax + bx + c ; Discriminant = b − 4 ac ; Pos=2 real roots Zero=

2 2

1 real root; Neg=2 imaginary roots

 b  b 
vertex=  − ,f  −   ; Factored Form: f ( x ) =a( x − m)( x − n) ;
 2a  2a  
x-intercepts are m and n;
y-intercept = c;
m+n
x-coordinate of vertex =
−b ± b2 − 4ac 2
x-intercepts =
2a
Vertex Form: f ( x ) = a( x − h) + k ;
2

−b
Sum of solutions =
a vertex = (h, k )

Difference of Squares: a − b =(a + b)(a − b)

2 2

( ) ( )
2 2
Perfect Square Trinomial: a + 2ab + b = a + b and a − 2ab + b = a − b
2 2 2 2

2 2
b  b
Completing the Square: x + bx +   =  x + 
2

2  2
Graphing Lines:

y 2 − y1 Standard Form: Ax + By =
C
Slope Formula: m =
x2 − x1
Slope-Intercept Form:=
y mx + b
Slope of horizontal line = 0
Point-Slope Form: y − y1 = m( x − x1 )
Slope of vertical line = undefined
Distance Formula: d= ( x2 − x1 )2 + (y 2 − y1 )2

 x1 + x2 y1 + y 2 
Midpoint Formula: M =  ,
 2 2 
Parallel lines: equal slopes

⊥ Lines: slopes are opposite reciprocals

Data and Probability:

sum _ of _ items =
range max imum − minimum
average =
number _ of _ items
desired _ outcomes
probability =
median = middle _ number possible _ outcomes
Angles:

Vertical ∠’ s are ≅ ∠’ s that form a circle add up to 360°

∠’s that form a linear pair are supplementary (add When ∥ lines are cut by a transversal, all acute ∠’ s
up to 180°) are ≅ and all obtuse ∠’ s are ≅

Triangles:

The three ∠’ s of a ∆ add up to 180° Pythagorean Triples: 3-4-5 and 5-12-13

An exterior ∠ is equal to the sum of the two

remote interior ∠’ s

Circles:

A radius and tangent make a right ∠ A central ∠ is double the inscribed ∠

x arc x sec tor

= and = where x = central angle
360 circumference 360 area _ of _ circle

Formula for a Circle: ( x − h) + (y − k ) =

2 2 2
r , where (h,k) is the center and r is the radius
Polygons: (for this section, n is the number of sides)

1 One interior angle of a regular polygon:

Area of a trapezoid: (b1 + b2 )h 180(n − 2)
2
n
Sum of the interior angles: 180(n − 2)

Sum of the exterior angles: 360°

Properties of Parallelograms:

1. Opp sides are ∥ and ≅ 5. Diagonals bisect each other

2. Opp ∠’ s are ≅ If they are ≅ it is a rectangle

3. Consec ∠’s are supplementary If they are ⊥ it is a rhombus

4. Each diagonal forms a pair of ≅∆’s 6. = base × height

Area
Trigonometry:

opp adj opp

sin = cos = tan = 360°=2π radians
hyp hyp adj

=
sin( x ) cos(90 − x ) The sine of an ∠ is equal to the cosine of its complement.
Parent Graphs & Transformations:

y=x y= x y = x2 y = x3 y = ax y= x

Transformation Visual effect

f (x) + k Shift up by k units
f (x) − k Shift down by k units
f ( x + h) Shift left by h units
f ( x − h) Shift right by h units
−f ( x ) Reflect over the x axis (flip upside down)
cf ( x ) Stretch vertically by a factor of c (becomes skinnier)

1 Shrink vertically by a factor of c (becomes fatter)

f (x)
c
 1. (" + 7) is a factor of the quadratic function 6. The positive number E is 480% of the number D,
& = (("), and " = ) is a positive zero of the and E is 70% of the number ). If ) is A% of D,
!" which of the following is closest to the value of
function. If the minimum of the function is ( # , +),
what is the value of )? A?

A) 267
B) 336
C) 550
2. For two acute angles, ∠- and ∠., cos - = sin .. The
D) 685
measures, in degrees, of ∠- and ∠. are 13" + 10
and 48 + 3", respectively. What is the value of "?
7. ((") = E % − D
The exponential function given above passes
3. A baseball coach charges each athlete $150 for the through points (), 8) and (2), 350). What is a
first month and $95 for each additional month. possible value of D?
Which of the following functions correctly represents
the total revenue =(>), in dollars, for > months and
? athletes, where > and ? are positive integers?

A) =(>) = 95>? + 55
B) =(>) = 95>? + 150 8.
C) =(>) = 95>? + 55?
D) =(>) = 95>? + 150? Cylinder Volume Surface
Area
- 1,296H +H
. 162,000H GH
& = −3" $ − 58 The table gives the volume of two similar
& = A" − 46 cylinders. If the radius of cylinder - is 9 cm.
What is the value of G − +?
4. In the given system of equations, A is a constant. The
graphs of the equations in the given system intersect Volume = HI $ ℎ
at exactly one point, (", &) in the "&-plane. Which of Surface area = 2HI $ + 2HIℎ
the following could be the value of "?

A) −2
B) −4 &
9. For the function (, for every increase of $ in the
C) 12
D) 16 value of ", the value of ((") increases by a factor
of ), where ) is a constant. Which of the
following forms of function ( displays the value
of ) as the base or coefficient?
5. ((") = −7" + D
A) ((") = 56(2)!%
For the given function (("), which of the following B) ((") = 56(8)$%
gives the equation for the function ((") + 20, given C) ((") = 56(64)%
that the point (−4, 0) lies on the graph of ((") − 20? !
D) ((") = 56(4,096)"
A) ((") = −7" − 28
B) ((") = −7" − 8
C) ((") = −7" + 8
D) ((") = −7" + 12
10. The quadratic function E" $ + 200" + ) has at least 14. In triangle -.P, the sum of the measures of
one real solution. What is the greatest possible value angle - and angle . is 90 degrees. The value of
of E)? $√'
sin(-) is # . What is the value of cos( .)?

$√ '
A)
#
$√ '
B)
11. A polygon has exactly 97 sides. If the measure of !
!√$
each of the 97 interior angles of this polygon is C)
&)
(180A)°, what is the value of A? #
D)
$"√$

*
15. What is the value of $+ if the given equation only
has one solution?

12. A certain town has an area of 5.48 square miles. 25|" − 4| = +

Which of the following is closest to the area, in
square yards, of this town? ( 1 mile = 1,760 yards) A) −5 only
B) 5 only
A) 552 C) 5 or −5
B) 964 D) 0
C) 9,645
D) 16,974,848
16. In the given system of equations, + is a
constant. If the system has no solution, what is
the value of +?

3 7 9 7
13. One of the two equations in a system of linear "+ &= − &
8 5 7 5
equations is given. The system has no solution. 5 9 4
" + = +& +
Which equation could be the second equation in this 4 4 3
system?
7" = 105& − 133
17. In the "&-plane, the graph of the given equation
A) " = 15& is a circle. Which point lies on this circle?
&
B) ' " = 15& (" + 7)$ + (& − 11)$ = 25
C) " = 15& − 19
&
D) ' " = 15& − 19 A) (−7, 11)
B) (11, −7)
C) R√11 + 7, √14 − 11T
D) R√11 − 7, √14 + 11T
18. The area of a triangle is equal to " $ square inches. 22. For each real number I, which of the following
The base of the triangle is 5 + 2" inches, and the points lies on the graph of each equation in the
height of the triangle is " − 2 inches. What is the "&-plane for the given system?
value of "?
10" + 8& = 15
A) 2.5 25" + 20& = 37.5
B) 2.7
C) 5 )- &+
A) (I, − + )
+ #
D) 10 +- )
B) (I, + +)
)
)- "
C) (− + $ , I)
+
$- $-
D) ( + + 10, − + 25)
19. A circle in the "&-plane has its center at (3, −7) and +
has a radius of 12. An equation of this circle is
" $ + & $ + E" + D& + ) = 0, where E, D, and ) are
constants. What is the value of )?
23. A researcher selected 2 random samples of
employees in a large company to estimate the
percentage of employees that planned to vote in
favor of a new division. Based on the first
sample, the researcher estimated that 68% of
20. Sphere - has a radius of 7" and sphere . has a the employees would vote in favor, with an
radius of 91". The volume of sphere . is how many associated margin of error of 9.7%. Based on
times the volume of sphere -? the second sample, the researcher estimated
that 84% of the employees would vote in favor,
with an associated margin of error of
6.7%. Assuming the margins of error were
calculated in the same way, which of the
following best explains why the second sample
21. One gallon of resin costs $79 and will cover 48 obtained a smaller margin of error than the first
square feet of a countertop. The countertops in a sample?
given room have a total surface area of + square
feet. Which equation represents the cost ), in A) The first sample contained fewer employees
dollars, of resin needed to cover the countertops than the second sample.
twice? B) The first sample contained more employees
than the second sample.
)#* C) The first sample contained a lower
A) ) = percentage of residents that planned to vote
',
,!*
B) ) = in favor of a new division.
',
C) ) = 79( )
* D) The first sample contained a higher
$)
*
percentage of residents that planned to vote
D) ) = 79( ) in favor of a new division.
,!
24. The function ( is defined by ((") = E % + D, where 29. How many liters of a 30% chlorine solution must
E and D are constants. In the "&-plane, the graph of be added to 12 liters of a 10% chlorine solution
& = ((") has an "-intercept at (3, 0) and a &- to obtain a 15% chlorine solution?
intercept at (0, −342). What is the value of E + D?

30. In the "&-plane, there are 3 points E, D, and ).

25. 684 is A% greater than 9. What is the value of A? Point E has coordinates of (1, 0), point D has
coordinates of (0, 0) and point ) has
coordinates of (−1, 0). Which of the following
gives a possible angle measure, in radians of
∠ED)?

)+!0
A)
26. Two numbers E and D, are each greater than zero, !
)+,0
and the fifth root of E is equal to the cube root of D. B) !
For what value of " is E#%.) equal to D? )!$0
C) !
)!#0
D) !

27. For the given system of equations, what is the value

of 7(G − +)?
31. Two data Sets - and . have 56 values in total.
(G − +) − 16(> + V) = 689 The average of the two data sets is 193. Data set
(G − +) + 12(> + V) = 1235 - contains 32 values with an average of 208.
What is the average of data set .?

28. A model initially estimates that there are 24,000

bacteria on a petri dish. 14 days later, the model
estimates that there are 96,000 bacteria on the
petri dish. Assuming exponential growth, the 32. Lines + and V are perpendicular. If the point
formula . = E(2)%/ gives the estimated number of (4, >) and (9, > + 3) lies on line + and lines +
bacteria on a petri dish, where E and " are and V intersect at (9, > + 3), which of the
constants and . is the number of bacteria on the following can lie on line V?
petri dish W days after the initial measurement.
What is the value of "? A) (> − 6, −4)
B) (> + 9, 24)
& C) (21, > − 17)
A)
&) D) (24, > + 12)
&
B) '
C) 7
D) 14
33. Data set - consists of 37 different values that have 36. ((") = 200(D)% . When " increases by 1, ((")
a minimum of 230, a maximum of 278, a mean of increases by )%. Which of the following
244, and a standard deviation of 9. The values 230 expresses ) in terms of D?
and 278 are removed from the data set to create
data set .. Which of the following statements is $112
A) ) =
&11
true? $2
B) ) = &11
A) Both the mean and standard deviation of data C) ) = (D + 1)100
set . are less than those in data set A. D) ) = (D − 1)100
B) Both the mean and standard deviation of data
set . are greater than those in data set A. 37. A 34 pound dog eats two types of canned food:
C) The standard deviation of data set . is less than chicken and beef. The recommended amount of
the standard deviation in data set A but the the chicken food is 1.25 cans per 16 pounds a
mean of both data sets is the same. dog weighs per day. The recommend amount of
D) The standard deviation of data set . is greater canned beef food is 0.85 cans per 23 pounds a
than the standard deviation in data set A but the dog weighs per day. If ) is the number of cans of
mean of both data sets is the same. chicken food and D is the number of cans of beef
food a 34 pound dog eats in a given day. Which
equation describes all possible values of ) and D?
34. If E > 0, " $ + & $ = E and "& = E − 10, what is
&.$+ 1.#+
(" + &)$ in terms of E? A) &!
)+ $"
D = 34
&! $"
B) )+ D = 34
A) E − 20 &.$+ 1.#+
&.$+ 1.#+
B) 2E − 10 C) D+ ) = 34
&! $"
C) 2E − 20 &! $"
D) 3E − 20 D) D+ ) = 34
&.$+ 1.#+

38. A quadratic function models the height, in feet,

35. Rectangle - has a width of 50 feet and a length of
of an object above the ground in terms of time,
45 feet and is located inside rectangle .. A uniform
in seconds, after the object is launched. The
distance ", in feet, separates the sides of rectangle
model indicates the object launched from the
- from rectangle .. The area of rectangle . is 2646
ground (0 feet) and reaches its maximum height
square feet, what is the value of "?
of 576 feet above the ground 12 seconds after
being launched. Based on the model, what is the
!
height, in feet, of the object above the ground 16
# seconds after being launched?

A) 384
# " B) 432
C) 480
D) 512
39. A small business owner budgets $3,600 to purchase 42. The table shows the distribution of 88 basketball
timber each year. The owner must purchase a players and their positions on a basketball club.
minimum of 345 slats of timber each year to Each player is categorized in one position.
maintain the discounted pricing. If the owner pays
$7.25 to purchase each slat of pine pulpwood and Position Frequency
$24.75 to purchase each slat of pine sawtimber, Point guard 26
what is the maximum number of slats of pine Shooting guard 16
sawtimber the owner can purchase to stay within Small forward 11
the budget and maintain the discounted pricing? Power forward 35
or center

If one of the 88 players is selected at random,

the probability of selecting a player who is
categorized as a power forward, given the player
"
is not categorized as a shooting guard, is . How
&$
40. A 180 gram metal alloy is 50% aluminum. It many of these players are categorized as a
contains a metal alloy that is 30% aluminum and a center?
second metal alloy made up of 60% aluminum.
What is the mass of the second metal alloy?

43. A quadratic function models the height, in feet,

of an object above the ground in terms of time,
in seconds, after the object is launched off an
elevated surface. The model indicates that at a
time of 9 seconds, the object is 294 feet above
the ground. At a time of 13 seconds, the object is
310 feet above the ground. If the object was at a
height of 24 feet when it was launched, what is
the height, in feet, of the object above ground 18
41. In the given figure, the hypotenuse is 64 what is seconds after being launched?
the cos " ?
A) 96
60° B) 192
C) 222
D) 240

!°
Note: Figure not drawn to scale.
44. A rectangular pyramid has a square base with an
A)
√" area of 324 square meters. What is the surface
$
& area, in square meters, of one of the triangular
B) $ faces if the rectangular pyramid has a volume of
$√"
C) 4,320 cubic meters?
"
D) 2
 # "
45. ?$ = + # and ?)56& = +, what is the value of E? 50. The vertex of the function ((") is given as
(9, −13), and the point (3, −4) lies on the
parabola. If Y(") = 4((" − 2), what is the value
of Y(0) − ((0)?

46. 3" $ + D" − 112 = (E" + >)(" − V). Given that

E, >, and V are integers, which of the following
must be true?
51. −377" + + = 377" + +
A) > is a factor of D
If + is a constant, how many solutions does the
B) E is a factor or 112
given equation have?
C) E if a factor of D
D) V is a factor of 112
A) No solutions
B) One solution
C) Two solutions
D) Infinite solutions
47. The perimeter of a right isosceles triangle is
76 + 76√2. What is the length of the hypotenuse?

52. The density of a certain type of wood is 770

kilograms per cubic meter. A sample of this type
of wood is in the shape of a cube, where each
48.
edge has a length of 0.7 meters. To the nearest
Sample Percent Margin
whole number, what is the mass, in kilograms, of
in favor of error
this sample?
- 67.83% 7.8%
. 72.94% 4.5% A) 264
B) 377
The results of two random samples of votes for a C) 1,571
proposition are given in the table. The samples were D) 2,245
selected from the same population, and the margins
of error were calculated using the same method.
Which of the following is the most appropriate
reason that the margin of error for sample - is
greater than the margin of error for sample .? 53. The graph of the linear equation passes through
#, !+
the points (−21, − ) and (12, ). The graph
A) Sample - had a larger sample size. $
$'
$
B) Sample - had a smaller sample size. also passes through the point ( ) , E). What is
C) Sample - had a smaller number of votes that the value of E?
could not be recorded.
D) Sample - had a lower percent of favorable
responses.

49. 360 is A% of 10. What is the value of A?

 [[[[ is 58. A square is inscribed in a circle with the equation
54. In △ -.P, ∠. is a right angle and the length of -.
'
456 millimeters. If the cos P = $+, what is the " $ + & $ − 8" + 10& = 27. What is the area of
[[[[ ?
length, in millimeters, of .P the square?

59. The equation below relates distinct positive real

55. In triangle -.P and triangle \]^, sides .P and ]^ numbers E, D and ). Which equation correctly
each have a side length of 37 inches, and angles . expresses c in terms of E and D?
and ] each have an angle measure of 63°. Which of
the following additional pieces of information is(are)
sufficient to prove whether triangle -.P is # ) )
congruent to triangle \]^? E = 19D ∙ `a b
20

I. The measure of angles - and P are equal.

#
II. The length of sides -P and \^ are equal. A)
$1
(E)%
&,2
III. The measures of angles - and \ are equal. %
$1
B) (E)#
&,2
A) I is sufficient, but II and III are not. #
5
B) II is sufficient, but I and III are not. C) 20 a b
%
&,2
C) III is sufficient, but I and II are not. %
5
D) II and III are sufficient, but I is not. D) 20 a b
#
&,2

60. Triangle -.P is inscribed in a circle with a radius

56. 77" $ + (7G + 11+)" + G+ = 0 of 85. The length of -P is 170 and the length of
78
In the given equation, G and + are positive constants. .P is 168. What is the value of ?
89
The product of the solutions to the given equation is
EG+, where E is a constant. What is the value of E?

61. For the exponential function (, the value of ((2)

57. The number G is 2,400% greater than the number +. is +, where + is a constant. Which of the
The number + is 350% greater than 8. What is the following equivalent forms of the function (
value of G? shows the value of + as the coefficient or the
base?

A) ((") = 729(3)%6$
B) ((") = 6,561(3)%
C) ((") = 177,147(3)%."
D) ((") = 59,049(3)%.$
62. Two numbers I and c are each greater than zero, 66. What is the value of sin("°)(cos 90 − "°) +
and the fourth root of I is equal to the seventh root sin(90 − "°)(cos "°) ?
of c. For what value of " is I )%.+ equal to c?
A) 0.5
B) 1
C) 2
D) 90

63. The given equation E" $ + 98" + ) has at least 1

real root and a factor of +" + G. What is the
greatest possible value of E)?
67. There are red, blue, green, and black marbles in a
bag. There are 26 black marbles, 8 green
marbles, and 26 blue and red marbles. Given
that a randomly selected marble is not black, the
+
probability of selecting a red marble is . What
64. 7+" + 13>& = 20.5 &'
6+" + 5>& = −48 is the number of blue marbles in the bag?
In the given system of equations, + and > are
constants. The system has a solution of (2, &). What
is the value of +? 68. A gardener is purchasing topsoil for a new
garden. The garden is in the shape of a
rectangular prism. The dimensions of the
garden are 54 feet by 192 feet by 2 feet. If it
costs $96 per cubic yard of topsoil, how much
does the gardener need to spend in dollars?
(1 yard = 3 feet)
65.
" Y(")
4 9
69. In the "&-plane, which of the following points
2 0
lies on a circle with the equation
The table gives two values of " and their (" + +)$ + (& − G)$ = 841?
:(%)6+
corresponding values of Y("), where Y(") = %6# A) (+ + 20, G + 21)
and ( is a linear function. What is the &-coordinate B) (+ − 20, G − 21)
of the &-intercept of the graph & = ((") in the C) (−+ + 21, G + 20)
"&-plane? D) (−+ − 21, −G − 20)
70. Which of the following inequalities gives all possible 73. The functions ( and Y are defined by the given
values of + where the equation below has no equations, where " ≥ 0. Which of the following
solution? equations displays, as a constant or coefficient,
the maximum value of the function it defines,
' ) +'
4 − 4 j# + + "j = &$ + + where " ≥ 0?

I. ((") = 232(0.4)%6$
" II. Y(") = 232(0.4)(0.4)(0.4)%.$
A) + < − )
"
B) + > − ) A) I only
" B) II only
C) + ≤ )
"
C) I and II
D) + ≥ D) Neither I nor II
)

74. An equilateral triangle with side lengths of + is

inscribed in a circle. Which of the following
71. A table that weighs 348 pounds puts equal defines the radius, I, in terms of +?
amounts of pressure on each of its 4 identical legs.
If the pressure that each leg exerts on the floor is
*
12 pounds per square inch, what is the area, in A)
$
square inches, of the bottom of each leg that is * √"
touching the floor? B) !
* √"
C)
"
* √"
D) $

72. In the figure below, lines E and D are parallel. 75. The function ( is defined by ((") = 3% . The
What is the value of " + &? function Y is a increasing linear function. In the
"&-plane, the graphs of & = ((") and & = Y(")
intersect at two points (E, G) and (D, +), where
G < +. When Y(") > (("), which of the
123° following must be true?
+
81° A) ">+
B) "<G
C) " < G or " > D
#° (° D) E<"<D
116°
,

Note: Figure not drawn to scale

 $5 5 80.
76. If = 4.25 and 2= = 8.5, what is the value of ?? " ((")
2
−9 155
−3 227
3 155
Three points on the quadratic function ((") are
given in the table. If Y(") = ((" + 4), what is
77. An object’s speed is increasing at a rate of 4.80 the &-intercept of the function Y(")?
meters per second squared. What is the rate in
miles per minute squared, rounded to the nearest
tenth? (Use 1 mile = 1609 meters. )
81. Triangle -.P is an equilateral triangle with a
height of 30 meters. What is the perimeter of
triangle -.P in meters?

A) 60√3
B) 90
C) 90√3
78. An acceptable noise criterion rating for the D) 120√3
background noise in a school classroom is 30.
For a noise criterion rating of 30, the equation
& = 19(0.978)%.+1 + 37 gives the estimated
sound pressure level, & in decibels, as a function 82. −19(6" − 4)$ + 6(6" − 3)$
of the octave band center frequency, ", in hertz,
where " ≥ 50. Which of the following is the best The given expression can be rewritten as
5 $ 2 >
interpretation of 37 in this context? ,
" + , " + , , where E, D, and ) are constants.
What is the value of E + D + )?
A) 37 is 19 less than the estimated sound
pressure level, in decibels, at an octave band
frequency of 50.
B) 37 is 19 less than the estimated sound
pressure level, in decibels, at an octave band
frequency of 0.
C) 37 is the estimated sound pressure level, in
decibels, at an octave band frequency of 50.
D) 37 is the estimated sound pressure level, in
decibels, at an octave band frequency of 0. 83. A rectangular area consists of 3,179 equal
squares where each square has an area of k. If
the length of the rectangular area is 2.75 times
the width and the width is equal to "√+, what is
79. The graph of the quadratic function & = ((") in the value of x?
the "&-plane intersects the "-axis when " = 74
and " = +, where + is a constant. The maximum
value of & = ((") occurs at the point (17, >),
where > is a constant. What is the value of +?
 88. A quadratic function models a projectile’s
84. 7" − 9& = 39 height, in meters, above the ground in terms of
35" − 45& = 195 in terms of time, in seconds, after it was
For any real number I, which of the following launched. The model estimates that the
points lies on the graph of both equations? projectile was launched from an initial height of
E meters and reached a maximum height of 134
'-.&" meters 6 seconds after it was launched. How
A) (3I, )
" many seconds after launch does the model
'-6&"
B) ( , 3I) estimate it will return to a height of E meters?
"
'- '-
C) (− ., + 39, + 195) A) 6
,
-
D) (+ + 39, − + + 195)
- B) 8
C) 9
D) 12

85. ((") = " $ + 5" − 6 89. A 100 gram metal alloy is 40% silver. It contains
Y(") = " $ + 2" − 35 a metal alloy that is 65% silver and a second
The quadratic function ((") has 2 solutions G metal alloy made up of 25% silver. What is the
and +, where G < +. The quadratic function mass of the first metal alloy?
Y(") has 2 solutions V and >, where V < >.
The quadratic function ℎ(") = " $ + 7" + )
has solutions of + + V and > + G, and can be
rewritten as (" + E)(" + D), what is the value
of )? 90. Joshua Tree National Park has an area of 1,242
square miles. What is the area, in square yards,
of Joshua Tree National Park? ( 1 mile = 1,760
yards).
86. For the exponential function ((") = 16%6) ,
which of the following answer choices A)
&,$)$
expresses the minimum value as either a &,'!1
&,$)$
constant or a coefficient when " ≥ 0 ? B) (&,'!1)"
C) 1,242(1,760)
A) ((") = 64(16)%
B) ((") = 65,536(16) % D) 1,242(1,760)$
C) ((") = 1,048,576(16)%
&
D) ((") = (16) %
!+,"+!

87. For the given parabola E" $ + D" + ), E, D, and )

are constants. The "-intercepts of the parabola
are at (14, 0) and (+, 0). If ((27) = ((11),
what is the value of +?
91. There are two ranches. Ranch - and ranch .. 94. In the given equations, E and D are constants,
The ratio of male horses to female horses is E > 1 and D > 1. What is the value of "?
1: 15 for the total number of horses on ranch
- and .. The ratio of female horses on ranch (
qE+ = qD+
- to ranch . is 7: 17. There are 168 horses on E"%." = D"
ranch - and 344 horses on Ranch .. How
many more male horses are there on ranch -
than on ranch .?
95. E is 3700% greater than D. E is also 5% less than
). What percent greater than ) is D?

92. In the given figure, .P is the diameter of the

circle. If the length of .P is equal to 132 and
the length of -. is equal to √363, what is the
89
value of 8@?

96. The proposal for a development project was

% included on a city’s election ballots. A local tv
(
station reported that 6 times as many people
voted in favor of the proposal as people who
voted against it. If 1,770 more people voted in
favor of the proposal than those who voted
against the proposal. How many people voted
' against the proposal?

&

97. The table gives the volume and surface areas of

Note: Figure not drawn to scale. two similar rectangles, where + is a constant.
Volume Surface Area
(cubic inches) (square
93. A certain bacterial colony currently has 5,000 inches)
spores. If the number of spores in this colony Rectangle - 4,374 1,782
quadruples every 33 hours, which of the
Rectangle . 1,500,282 +
following functions p gives the number of
spores in the colony W days from now?
What is the value of +?
&&
/
A) p(W) = 5,000(4) '
' A) 5,346
B) p(W) = 5,000(4)&&/ B) 12,474
#
C) p(W) = 5,000(4)%/ C) 87,318
% D) 611,226
D) p(W) = 5,000(4)#/
98. In the given system of equations, ) is a constant. 100. An equilateral triangle has a perimeter of 1200
The system has two distinct real solutions. meters. If the height of the triangle is equal to
Which of the following could be the value of )? "√3, what is the value of "?

& ="−)
& = −6(" − 5)$

A) 2
B) 4
&&,
C) $) 101. ((") = (" + E)(" + D)
D) 7 For the given function (("), where E and D are
integer constants, ((−21) > 0, ((−15) > 0,
and ((−18) < 0, what is one possible value of
E + D?

99.
r
W u°

t° 102. Which system of linear equations has no

s° solution?

A) −3" + 7& = −9
)
3" − 7& = 9
"° B) 3" − 7& = 5
!° 2" + 8& = 6
C) 4" − 9& = 7
−12" + 27& = −21
E D D) −3" + 8& = 20
6" − 16& = 40

Note: Figure not drawn to scale. 103. Function ( is a quadratic function. The graph
In the figure, parallel lines E and D are of & = ((") in the "&-plane has a vertex at
intersected by lines ), W, and r. If " = 54, (−7, 14) and passes through the point
s = 127, and t > ", which statement about & (−4, −31) and has a &-intercept at (0, E). The
and u must be true? graph of 3((") has a &-intercept at (0, D).
What is the positive difference between E and
A) u>& D?
B) u<&
C) u=&
D) u + & = 90
104. Each of the following frequency tables 106. Two lines intersect at exactly one point,
represents a data set. Which of these frequency forming two acute angles and two obtuse
tables represent the data set with the smallest angles. The measure of one of these angles is
standard deviation? (7" − 210)°. Which of the following could
A) NOT be the sum of the measures of any two of
Value Frequency these angles?
2 1
10 5 A) (−14" + 780)°
15 3 B) (−14" + 420)
20 5 C) 180°
24 1 D) (14" − 420)°
B)
Value Frequency
2 0
107. √E − " = 46 − "
10 20
15 25 In the given equation, E is a constant. The
20 20 equation has exactly one real solution. What
24 0 is the minimum possible value of 4E?
C)
Value Frequency
2 100
10 50 108. The mass of particles -, ., and P are E atomic
15 25 mass units, D atomic mass units, and ) atomic
20 0 mass units, respectively. If the mass of
particle - is 4,600% of the mass of particle P,
24 25
and the mass of particle P is 0.004% of the
D)
mass of particle ., which expression
Value Frequency
represents the value of E + D in terms of )?
2 45
10 55
15 65 A) 2,960)
20 75 B) 4,604)
24 85 C) 4,850)
D) 25,046)

105. In the given equation, + is a positive constant.

The product of the solutions to the equation is %.' %.)
109. If + = " , the value " − 4 is between
154. What is the value of +?
which of the following pairs of values?
3
(5" + 11)(" + √5+ + 10)(" − √5+ + 10) = 0 A) −9 and −4
5
B) −1 and 1
C) 2 and 5
D) 7 and 11
110. A circle with a center . (0, 0) is a unit circle on 113. ((") = " + 7
the "&-plane. Point - (1, 0) and P lie on the Y(") = 5" $ − +" + 245
,'+0
circle. If the measurement of angle -.P is !1 in
The functions ( and Y are given. In function Y, +
radians, what is the "-coordinate of point P?
is a constant. If ((") ∙ Y(") = 5" " + 1,715,
√$
what is the value of +?
A) $
√$
B) −
$
C) 0
√$
D)
"
114. A circle is inscribed inside of square -.P\.
Segment -P is the diagonal of the square, and its
111. A handyman charges a flat rate of $218 for the first length is 30cm. What is the radius of the circle in
3 hours of work and $68 for each additional hour cm?
of work. Which equation gives the total amount &,
in dollars, that the handyman charges for " hours &+√$
A) $
of work, where " > 3?
B) 15
C) 15√2
A) & = 68" + 218
D) 30
B) & = 218" + 68
C) & = 68" + 14
D) & = 68" + 422
115. Which of the following has " + 2E as a factor
where E is a positive integer?

A) 3" $ + 7" + 14E = 0

B) 3" $ + 28" + 14E = 0
112. For a certain circuit, its power v, in watts; current C) 3" $ + 42" + 14E = 0
P, in amperes; voltage w, in volts; and resistance D) 3" $ + 49" + 14E = 0
9A $
=, in ohms, are related as B = √v=, where
v, P, w, and = are positive. When = = 34, which
equation correctly expresses v in terms of P and
w? 116. A metal mold in the shape of a rectangular prism
has a length of 27 inches, a width of 48 inches,
9A $ and a height of 180 inches. The equation
A) v = ) = s(W) calculates the cost of filling the metal
√")
9A $
mold, where ) is the total cost in dollars, s is the
B) v = volume in cubic yards, and W is the cost per cubic
√")B
yard. If ) is equal to $970, what is the value of W
$ ")
C) v = x in dollars? (Note 1 yard = 36 inches)
9 "A %

$ > "A )
D) v = x ")
 % "( (%.') '% "(
117. The expression "% $ + "% $ is equivalent to " " * , 120. An equilateral triangle is inscribed in a circle
&

where + is a constant and " > 0. What is the value with a diameter of 16. Which of the following
of +? gives the area of the equilateral triangle?

A) 3
$' A) 6√3
B) "
B) 24√3
C) 25
D) 28 C) 32√3
D) 48√3

118. Megan engages in up to 3 types of exercise each

121. The given equation E" $ + 88" + ) = 0, where
week for a total of 14 hours while training for an
E and ) are constants has no real solutions and
ironman competition. Megan runs the same
a factor of +" + G. What is the least possible
number of minutes each week. The equation
integer value of E)?
& = 780 − " − 200 represents the situation where
Megan swims for " minutes during a week and
bikes for any remaining training time &, in minutes.
If this equation is graphed in the "&-plane, which of
the following statements is true?
122. ((z) = 34,000(1.07)!C
A) During a week when Megan runs for 780
minutes, she bikes for 200 minutes. The given function ( models the balance of an
B) Each week, Megan swims and bikes for a total investment account, in dollars, z years after it is
of 780 minutes. opened. Which statement is the best
C) During a week when Megan doesn’t swim, she interpretation of (1.07)!C ?
runs for 260 minutes.
D) During a week when Megan doesn’t bike, she A) Every 6 years, the balance increases by
swims for 390 minutes. 2,380 dollars.
B) Every 6 years, the balance increases by 7%
of the previous 6 years balance.
119. The functions ( and Y are defined by the equations C) Every 2 months, the balance increases by
shown, where E and D are integer constants, E > D 2,380 dollars.
and D > 0. If & = ((") and & = Y(") are graphed D) Every 2 months, the balance increases by 7%
in the "&-plane, which of the following equations of the previous 2 months balance.
displays, as a constant or a coefficient, the
maximum of the graph of the corresponding
function when " ≥ 0.
123. The quadratic function E(" + 4.5)$ − W can
be rewritten as (" − 9.5)(" + )). If E is equal
I. ((") = D(0.97)%65
to 1, what is the value of W?
II. Y(") = D(0.97)% + E

A) I only
B) II only
C) I and II
D) Neither I nor II
124. Y(") is a quadratic function. In the "&-plane, the 127. The function ( is defined by
graph of & = Y(") passes through the points ((") = E" $ + D" + ), where E, D and ) are
(12, 540) and (16, 908). If Y(0) = 12, what is constants. The graph of & = ((") in the "&-
the value of Y(24)? plane passes through the points (13, 0) and
(−6, 0). Which of the following is the value of
E + D in terms of E?

A) 7E
B) 6E
C) −6E
125. The surface area of rectangle prism - is 312 m$ . D) −7E
The surface area of area of rectangle prism . is
11,232 m$ . Rectangular prism - has a volume of
224 >" . If both rectangular prisms are similar,
what is the volume of rectangular prism .?

128. ((") = 1.6% + 6

Y(") = 1.8" + D
The given system of equations intersects at
126. points (G, +) and (ℎ, I), where I < +. What is
+ the least possible value of D?

A) 7
E B) 6
" &
C) 5
D) 4

D u E
129.
)

Note: Figure not drawn to scale.

The given figure shows lines E and D intersected

by line +. Which of the following is sufficient to 35°
prove that E and D are parallel? D

A) 180 − & = " For the given circle, the measure of

B) " = 180 − u arc ED) = 130 + 7" degrees and the measure
C) & + u = 180 − " of arc E)D = 90 − 3" degrees. What is the
D) 180 − u = & value of "?
130. The function ( is defined by 135. 92" − 1,789 = +" − 1,790
((") = 78(0.39)% . For any positive integer ?, In the given equation, + is a positive integer
the value of ((?) is A% less than the value of constant greater than 91. The equation has
((? − 1). What is the value of A? exactly one solution. What is the least possible
value of +?
A) 78
B) 61
C) 39
D) 22

131. For which value of E does the quadratic

(7" − 8)$ + 9 = E only have one solution? 136. 4" " + D" $ − 528" = 0
In the given equation, D is a positive integer
constant. Which value could be a solution to
the equation?

A) −13
B) −12
C) −6
D) 12
132. ((") = E % − D
The exponential function given above passes
through points (), 12) and (2), 768). What is a
possible value of D? 137. Circle A has the equation (" − 18)$ + & $ = 27.
Circle B has the equation
(" − 18)$ + (& − >)$ = 50. If Circle B passes
through the center of circle A, what is a possible
value of >?
A) 3√3
$ &$5.,
133. If I = √+, for the equation I = +, what is B) 5√2
the value of E for which I and + are equal? C) 5√2 − 3√3
D) 5√2 + 3√3

138. If " $ = G + + and & $ = G + >, which of the

following is equal to (" $ − & $ )$ ?
134. What is the perimeter of an equilateral triangle
with an area of 289√3? A) + $ − 2G> + >$
B) + $ − 2+> + >$
C) 4G $ − 4G+> + >$
D) 4G $ − 2G+> + + $ >$
139. −" $ + +" − 3,786 E" $ + 148" + )
In the given equation, + is a positive integer. The 143. In the given expression, E and ) are positive
If the equation has no real solution, what is the constants. If G" + + is a factor of the
greatest possible value of +? expression, where G and + are positive
constants, what is the greatest possible value of
E)?

144. Lines ) and W are perpendicular. If the equation

140. A circle with center (−7, −4) has a radius equal of line ) is & = >" + D and the lines intersect at
to 14. The equation point (7, 6). Which point lies on line D?
" $ + & $ + E" + D& + ) = 0 represents the
A) (7 + >, 7)
circle. What is the value of )?
B) (2>, 8)
C) (7 + 2>, 4)
D) (7 − 3>, 3)

141. In triangle -.P, angle P is a right angle, point \

[[[[, point ] lies on [[[[
lies on -. [[[[ is parallel 145. The )given quadratic
.P , and \] $
function
54" + 219" + 105 has factors in the form
to [[[[
-P . If the length of -.[[[[ is 39 units, [[[[
\] is 8
[[[[ is greater than the (+)(E" $ + D)()" $ + W). If E, D, ), W, and + are
units, the length of -P
[[[[[ and the area of triangle -.P is integers, what is the smallest possible value of
length of .P,
ED?
270 units, what is the length of [[[[ .] , in units?

146. What is the value of + if the given equation

142. If + = V + >, which of the following is only has one solution?
equivalent to the expression
" $ − V$ − 2V> − >$ ? 1
|" − 4| − 30 = 2+
4
A) (" + +)$
B) (" − +)$
C) (" − +)(" + +)
D) " $ − +" − + $
147. In the given pair of equations E and D are 150. A rocket’s speed is increasing at a rate of 14.6
constants. The graph of this pair of equations in meters per second squared. What is the rate
the "&-plane is a pair of perpendicular lines. in miles per minute squared?
Which of the following pairs of equations also ( 1 mile = 1,609 meters)
represents a pair of perpendicular lines?

13" + 17& = 10
E" + D& = 10

A) 39" + 17& = 10
E" − 3D& = 10
B) 52" + 34& = 10
2E" + 4D& = 10
C) 65" + 17& = 10
5E" + D& = 10
D) 13" − 17& = 10
E" + D& = 10

148. Which equation correctly gives ) in terms of

W, r, and (?

73 73 73 73
= + +
) W r (

A) ) = W + r + (
/D:
B) ) =
/6D6:
/6D6:
C) ) = /D:
/D:
D) ) =
/D6/:6D:

149. For the exponential function (, the value of

((3) is +, where + is a constant. Which of the
following equivalent forms of the function (
shows the value of + as the coefficient or the
base?

A) ((") = 3(4)(4)%6&
B) ((") = 3,072(4)(4)%.)
C) ((") = 12(4)(4)%
D) ((") = 768(4)(4)%."