REDUCE RELATIVE CLAUSES

■ BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CƠ BẢN

Bài 1: Choose the best answer.
1. The students ______ for the bus are good ones.
A. waited B. waiting C. which is waiting D. to wait
2. This is the last person ______ late.
A. coming B. to come C. come D. all are correct
3. The woman ______ next door is a famous actress.
A. lives B. who live C. living D. that living
4. The house ______ in the storm has now been rebuilt.
A. destroyed B. destroying C. which destroyed D. that is destroyed
5. The man ______ in front of the blackboard is our teacher.
A. stood B. stands C. standing D. to stand
6. Tom was the last student ______ the classroom yesterday.
A. to leave B. leaving C. left D. leaves
7. Sally was the last student ______ in the final exam.
A. to be asked B. asking C. asks D. to ask
8. The bridge ______ by French architects is very nice.
A. was designed B. designing C. to design D. designed
9. The ring ______ is made of gold and diamond.
A. she is wearing it B. he gave it to her C. she like D. she is wearing
10. 1 have a message for people ______ by the traffic chaos.
A. to delay B. who delay C. delayed D. who delaying

Bài 2: Use a participle clause to reduce relative clauses.

1. They called a lawyer who lived nearby.
-> __________________________________________________________________
2. We broke the computer that belongs to my father.
-> __________________________________________________________________
3. The man who is wearing a blue jumper is in the garden.
->__________________________________________________________________
4. We found a doctor who works at a hospital in Hanoi City.
-> __________________________________________________________________
5. People who have arrived late will not be allowed to enter.
-> __________________________________________________________________
6. Don't wake the baby who is sleeping in the next room.
-> __________________________________________________________________
7. Who is that boy who is walking in the forest?
-> __________________________________________________________________
8. The man who wants coffee is over there.
-> __________________________________________________________________
9. The television which was bought 20 years ago was stolen.
-> __________________________________________________________________
10. I often buy cheese which is imported from Paris.
-> __________________________________________________________________

Bài 3: Replace the Relative Clause by a Participle Construction while keeping the rest of the
sentence unchanged
1. The boy who was waiting in the hall expected a phone call.
-> __________________________________________________________________
2. Passengers who wanted to go to Liverpool had to change in Manchester.
-> __________________________________________________________________
3. The girl who was picked up by her brother was very nice.
-> __________________________________________________________________
4. The house that stands at the end of the road will soon be sold.
-> __________________________________________________________________
5. The conference which was planned by non-governmental organisations was about globalisation.
-> __________________________________________________________________
6. Irish people who live in Great Britain have the right to vote in British elections.
-> __________________________________________________________________
7. A friend who helps you in need is a good friend indeed.
-> __________________________________________________________________
8. A picture that shows the image of a person is a portrait.
-> __________________________________________________________________
9. The problems that were discussed will be essential for your exam.
-> __________________________________________________________________
10. Animals that eat plants are called herbivores.
-> __________________________________________________________________

Bài 4: Rewrite the sentences using reduced relative clauses.

1. The present that was given to me last night must have been very expensive. It certainly is beautiful. -
-> __________________________________________________________________
2. Claire Baktne, who was born in 1843, was a true representative of the hopes of hundreds of
immigrants.
-> __________________________________________________________________
3. Frequently, computers which are considered obsolete at large companies are donated to charity
institutions or community centers in poor neighborhoods.
-> __________________________________________________________________
4. The mall which was built in the downtown area of the city has affected traffic considerably.
-> __________________________________________________________________
5. The children who were selected for the team will start training in a couple of weeks.
-> __________________________________________________________________
6. The new construction company promises to hire all the engineering students who will have
graduated from MIT by the end of next year.
->__________________________________________________________________
7. Alexander G. Bell, who was considered the inventor of the telephone until recently, simply obtained
the patent that belonged to an Italian inventor.
-> __________________________________________________________________
The stamp which is on that envelope is a rare collector's item.
-> __________________________________________________________________

Bài 5: Choose the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
1. He likes the dress. Linda is wearing it.
A. He likes the dress which Linda is wearing it.
B. He likes the dress Linda is wearing it.
C. He likes the dress who Linda is wearing.
D. He likes the dress Linda is wearing.
2. What was the name of the boy? You met and talked to him this morning.
A. What was the name of the boy who you met and talked to him this morning?
B. What was the name of the boy you met and talked to this morning?
C. What was the name of the boy you met and talked to whom this morning?
D. What was the name of the boy whose you met and talked to this morning?
3. The church is over 200 years old. Our class visited it last summer.
A. The church which our class visited it last summer is over 200 years old.
B. The church that our class visited it last summer is over 200 years old.
C. The church which our class visited last summer is over 200 years old.
D. The church our class visit last summer is over 200 years old.
4. The song says about the love of two young students. She is singing the song.
A. The song which she is singing it says about the love of two young students.
B. The song she is singing says about the love of two young students.
C. The song says about the love of two young students which she is singing.
D. The song says about the love of two young students that she is singing it.
5. The man is my teacher. I am grateful to him.
A. The man whom I grateful to him is my teacher.
B. The man whom I am grateful to is my teacher.
C. The man is my teacher who is grateful.
D. The man to him I am grateful is my teacher.

Bài 6: Rewrite the sentences using reduced relative clauses.

1. Do you know the woman who is coming toward us?
-> __________________________________________________________________
2. The students who have been waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet.
-> __________________________________________________________________
3. I come from a city that is located in the southern part of the country.
-> __________________________________________________________________
4. They live in a house that was built in the 1990s.
-> __________________________________________________________________
5. He was the first man who left the burning building.
-> __________________________________________________________________
6. The couple who live in the house next door are both professors.
-> __________________________________________________________________
7. The cat which is on the table is mine.
-> __________________________________________________________________
8. The students who left school early yesterday have to explain their reason to the teacher.
-> __________________________________________________________________
9. Did you get the message which concerned the special meeting?
-> __________________________________________________________________
10. Lan is the only person who was given a special gift this morning.
-> __________________________________________________________________

READING
Read the following advertisement and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate
the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 6.
Ads 1:
Go Green: Join Our Eco-Friendly Activity!
Are you passionate about protecting our planet? We invite you (1)______ part of our Go Green
campaign, taking place on May 15 at the (2) ______.
th

This eco-friendly activity is designed to engage and educate participants about sustainable practices and
environmental stewardship.
You’ll have the chance to participate in hands-on workshops (3) ______on recycling and composting,
where you'll learn practical skills to reduce waste. Enjoy (4) ______nature walks, offering stunning
views of local flora, and discover ways to protect our beautiful landscapes.
Bring your friends and family to connect (5) ______like-minded individuals, all eager to (6) ______a
difference. This is a perfect opportunity to inspire each other and foster a sense of community dedicated
to environmental conservation.
Don’t miss out—RSVP by 8.a.m at [contact information]. Together, we can take action for a greener
tomorrow! 🌍✨

Question 1. A. to becoming B. to become C. become D. becoming

Question 2. A. outdoor community park B. community outdoor park
C. community park outdoor D. outdoor park community
Question 3. A. focused B. to focusing C. which focused D. is focused
Question 4. A. guide B. guiding C. guidance D. guided
Question 5. A. to B. with C. by D. for
Question 6. A. get B. have C. make D. pay
Ads 2:
Explore the Enchanting Meo Vac!
Would you like to embark on a breathtaking journey to Meo Vac, where stunning landscapes and rich
cultural heritage await? Nestled in the heart of the northern mountains, this hidden gem offers travelers
the chance to experience vibrant local traditions and (1) ______ scenery.
As you hike through (2) ______, you’ll be mesmerized by the beauty surrounding you. Our experienced
guides, who are dedicated to sharing their knowledge, will lead you to picturesque viewpoints and
charming villages.
Picture yourself savoring authentic local dishes while interacting with friendly locals,
(3)______memories to last a lifetime. With comfortable accommodations and an itinerary designed for
adventure, The trip promises (4) ______ many unique and unforgettable experiences for visitors.
Don’t miss the opportunity to immerse yourself (5) ______the breathtaking beauty of Meo Vac.
Whether you’re seeking adventure or tranquility, this journey is perfect for everyone. (6) ______your
tour in advance today and discover the magic of Meo Vac! ✨

Question 1. A. captivating B. captivated C. captivatingly D. captivate

Question 2. A. rice terraced fields B. terraced fields rice
C. terraced rice fields D. fields rice terraced
Question 3. A. making B. which made C. that made D. made
Question 4. A. to offering B. to offer C. offer D. offering
Question 5. A. in B. on C. with D. by
Question 6. A. have B. take C. book D. get

Ads 3:
Super Typhoon Milton and its Destruction
Super Typhoon Milton struck the eastern coastline last weekend, causing widespread devastation. Many
residents described it as the most (1) ______experience they had ever faced. The combination of
(2)______and relentless rain left the town completely paralyzed.
The typhoon, (3)______ the coast at around 3 PM, brought winds exceeding 180 km/h. This resulted in
massive flooding and left thousands (4)______need of emergency assistance. The authorities worked
hard to (5)______a difference, but the sheer scale of the disaster made recovery efforts slow.
Now, the community is slowly rebuilding their homes, hoping _________ (6) what was lost.

Question 1: A. terrifying B. terrified C. terrifies D. terrify

Question 2: A. strong stormy winds B. winds strong stormy
C. stormy strong winds D. stormy winds strong
Question 3: A. which hits B. hitting C. that hits D. hit
Question 4: A. in B. at C. on D. with
Question 5: A. make B. take C. do D. have
Question 6: A. to be restored B. restoring C. to restore D. being restored

Ads 4:
DISCOVERING NEW FRIENDS IN CLASS
"Who will be my partner? Will they be supportive or will they be (1) ______ supportive?" Are these
questions that cross your mind before starting a (2) _____? Well, that's going to change! A new app (3)
______ 'ClassMates Connect' has been created. Now, you can choose your study partner before the
semester begins. When you register for your classes, you can upload your profile (4) ______ everyone
in the class to see. You'll also get to view your classmates' profiles. This way, you can select someone
to work with who shares your interests. If you want to (5) ______ strong study habits and do group
projects, check out their academic profiles. And if you prefer (6) _____ discussions to sharing hobbies,
look at their social media details!

Question 1. A. real B. realistic C. really D. reality

Question 2. A. new study session B. study new session C. session study new D. study session new
Question 3. A. which named B. named C. was named D. naming
Question 4. A. by B. for C. to D. in
Question 5. A. build B. make C. do D. put
Question 6. A. to sharing B. to share C. share D. sharing

Ads 5:
Udemy: Learn Anything, Anytime
Udemy is an online learning platform (1) ______ people learn new skills and improve their
knowledge. With over 150,000 (2) ______, students can (3) ______ from a wide range of subjects.
Whether you want to learn about topics like business, design, IT, and more. Udemy offers flexible
learning (4) ______ your own pace, so you can fit courses around your schedule. Whether you’re looking
(5) ______ in your career or learn something new, Udemy has something for everyone. You can access
courses on your computer, tablet, or phone, making learning easy and (6) ______. Start learning today
and unlock your potential with Udemy.
[Adapted from Udemy – Online Courses]
Question 1: A. helping B. help C. helps D. helped
Question 2: A. learning online courses B. courses online learning
C. courses learning online D. online learning courses
Question 3: A. select B. choose C. pick D. find
Question 4: A. in B. on C. at D. with
Question 5: A. to be advanced B. advancing C. advance D. to advance
Question 6: A. accessibility B. accessing C. accession D. accessible