Chapter 12

Atoms Scan and ads

TOPIC1
NCERT
Alpha-Particele Scattering and Pg 291-293

Rutherford's Nuclear Modelof Atom

1. Label the given iagram showing Geiger-Marsden c-particle scattering experiment

A= B=
C=
2. Match observation of
Column II. Geiger-Marsden experiment in Column Iwith its conclusion in
Column I
Column I
A. Most of ceparticles pass straight 1. Atom contains a positively charged nucleus
which contains most of mass of atom.
B Few dparticles are deflected at small 2. There is a positive
angles charge at the centre in
atom.
C. Very few -partic. deflected in 3. Most part of atom is empty.
backward direction
A. B
C
3. Draw the graph of number of
scattered particles(N) with respect to scattering angle (0}
4 Let F =force and r =distance between a gold nucleus and an d-particle,, then the produd
of F ' is
(158e /112e*) x9 x 10.
Concepts of all questionss bearing *are
important for
JEENEET/CUET.
 195

valueof impact parameter for the

JMark -particles shown below.
aparticles
8180°

Gold nucleus

b=
For =0, (small/large)
b=
For =I,
(maximum/minimum)
InRutherford's model, size of nucleus is about 10-mand that of atom is about 10"m.
Radiusof sun is about 7 X10 mand earth's orbital radius is
dimensions of the solar system has the same
about 1.5x 10"m. If
proportions as those of the atom, then size of
earth's orbit will be
(al less than 10times (b) less than 100 times
times
c more than 10 (d) more than 100 times
An a-particle is moving for ahead-on collision with a gold nucleus having kinetic energy K,
a the distance of closest approach is given by d = 22e
41e,K 4E,K

2e
-
K

BWith which of the following targets, no large angle

observed?
scattering of a-particles can be
a) Athin sheet of gold (b) Athin sheet of copper
dA thin sheet of silver (d) Athin sheet of solid hydrogen
9. In Rutherford's model, centripetal force for revolving electron is
provided by
(coulombian/magnetic) force of nucleus.
Considering Rutherford's model, match various energies given in Column I with their
respective relation given in Column II.
Column I Column I
A. Kinetic energy of electron

B. Potential energy of electron 2

4TE,
C. Total energy of electron 3.

A
B. C
n
15
Ruther(/-1)
ford's andmodel,thetheratioratioof ofpotential
total energy and kinetic energy of an electron
energy and total energy is (2/3).
196 NCERT REVISION
WORKBOOK
12. Total binding energy of anelectron in a Hatom is 13.6eV. Compute
Priysrs
() velocitv of electron.
orbital radius of electron and

13. Rutherford's model of H-atom, if E= total energy, K =

Considering kinetic E
Potential energy of electron, then as electron moves towards nucleus,
and U 6llblanks using increase/ decrease energr
TOPIC2
Atomic Spectra NCERT
Pg 296-297

When a gas or vapour is excited at a low pressure, the emitted

14.
few wavelengths which are different from absorbed wavelengths of
radiation
iwhitespecir
light
um U
light is passed through unexcited gas. whe
True False

15. Match the spectral series given in Column Iwith region of electromagnetic sper
(to which they belong) given in Column II.
Column I Column II
1. Infrared
A. Lyman
B. Balmer 2. Visible

C. Paschen 3. Ulraviolet

A. B. C.

*16. An emission line spectrum is observed when

(a) agas is excited by heating or by passing a electric discharge through it
b)a gas is excited by applying pressure
(c)a gas under low pressure condition is excited by heating or by passing aelecric
discharge through it
(d) a gas under high pressure condition is excited by heating or by passing a electr:
discharge through it
*17. When white light is passed through an unexcited gas, then transmitted light consisE I
(a) few bright lines in dark background
(b) few dark lines in bright background
(c) alternate dark and bright lines
(d) alternate dark and bright bands
oter
12 Atoms
197

TOPC3
Modelofthe Hydrogen Atom NCERT
Pg 297-300

Rutherford's model is not

acceptable as electron is losing energy continuously, so it would
18. spiral
inward
| and eventually fall into nucleus.

True False
19 Frequencyofllight emitted by revolving electrons in Rutherford's model is equal to twice
frequency ofirevolution of electron.
the
Yes No
Accordingto classical theory, initial frequency of emitted light by revolving electron
ofH-atom is (6.6/3.3) x10" Hz. (Take, radius =0.53A and
ms')
velocity = 2.2x 10°
21. When an electron in hydrogen atom is excited from its 4th to 5th stationary orbit, the
change in angular momentum of electron is (3.32/1.05) x 10* J-s.
22. The graph of radius T, of electron in nth orbit versus atomic number Zis

(c)

93. In terms of Bohr radius a,, express the radius of second Bohr orbit of a hydrogen atom.

24, The radius of hydrogen atom in its ground state is 5.3 × 10-l m. After collision with an
electron, it is found to have a radius of 21.2 x10"m. What is the principal quantum
number n of the final state of the atom?
(a) n=4 (b) n = 2
(c)n= 16 (d) n=8
25. Which of the following transitions gives photon of maximum energy?
(a) n=lton=2 (b) n =2 to n =1
(c) n= 2to n =6 (d) n=6to n = 2
0. An atom makes a transition from (n -1lh level to th level when a photon of frequency
5.6x 10" Hz is absorbed by electron. Difference of energies of these levels is (3.2
eV/23 eV).
<l, Tick (V/x)for correct/incorrect statement.
me 1 1
) II. E, =- Rch) 0
13.6
III E, =-2.18x 10-18
() IV. E,= (eV)
 NCEAT REVISION WORKBOOK
198

by Niels Bohr, match the

*28. For atomic model of hydrogenalomgiven
(proportionalities).
with Column II Column II
Column I
A. Anguarmomentum
Velocityofelectron 2. n'
B. 3. 1/n
of electron
C. Radius
4. n
electron
D. Energy of
C D
29. A.If we take B. instead of circular as in
orbits elliptical Bohr's atom. then energy ol electr
(more than/less than/equal to) 13.6 ev
30. ground state would
Total energy be
of an electron in the first excited state of H-atom is about -3.A eV, the

find the
electron and
() kinetic energy of
(ii) potential energy of electron.
32. In a muonic hydrogen atom, a negatively charged muon(mass = 207 m,) orbits arout,:
atom.
energy of muonic hydrogen
proton. Find the ground state
32. Let a H-atom be in its ground state and a photon of energy 10.5 eV iss1made to fal on t

atom, then
energy
state by absorbing 10.2 eV of
(a) electron move to first excited
photon of energy 0.3 eVand achie.&
(b) electron absorbs 10.5 eV energy, emitting
excited state
intermediate state between n=land n-i
(c) electron absorbs 10.5 eV andmoves to
10.5 eV
(d) electron does not absorb photon of energy
excited state, it remains there till some inter
33. Once an electron acquires some higher
collision causes de-excitation.

True False
aHatum
34. Write values of energy of excited states in following energy-level diagram for
Total energY
EleV)
E,0 eV

I=3

E=

E=-13.6 eV
Atoms
199
fan
speedof electron in ground state energy level is 26 x
e state will be x x10 What is 10" ms,so its speed in third
cited value of xhere?

mergyof electron
an in an excited state
gularmonmentum. of hydrogen atom is - 3.4 eV. Calculate its

et;=radius of electron in ground state and r, =radius of

electron in third excited state,
hen what willbe the ratio 2)

JPIC4

Line Spectra of the Hydrogen Atom NCERT

Pg 300-301

Ahvdrogen atom in its ground state absorbs a photon and

Wavelength of photon is nearest to attains third excited state.
An electron in an excited state in a (100/200)nm.
hydrogen like atom. It has a total energy of -1.5 eV,
then the kinetic energyof electron is
a) 2.5 eV (b) 1.5 eV
(c) 13.6 eV (d) 0.85 eV
The ground state energy of H-atom is 13.6eV.
Hatom from its second excited state. Calculate the energy needed to ionise

LSome energy levels of a molecule are

À, is given by shown in the figure. The ratio of the wavelengths
-E

-(4/3) E-4

-2E
-3E

b)4
3
3
200
NCERT REVISION
WORKBOOK
42. Take value of fhc = 1240 eV-nm and Rh = 13.6 eV and find the values of Physc
emitted in following transitions.

n3
wavel ngh,
-2

TOPIC5
de-Broglie's Explanation of Bohr's NCERT
Pg 301-302

Second Postulate of Quantisation

43. Which of these electron orbits (dotted) are not possible? (Dark waves are de-Broglie'
waves)
Electron

de-Broglie II III.
wave

44. Bohr's model is not applicable to singly ionised helium or doubly ionised lthium
True False
*45. An electron of a hydrogen like atom is in excited state. If total energy of the electron
- 46eV, the kinetic energy and the de-Broglie wavelength of the electron is
(a) - 4.6 eV, 0.57 nm (b) 4.6 eV, 5.7 nm
(c) + 4.06 eV, 5.7 nm (d) 4.06 eV, 0.57 nm
*46. Suppose an electron is attracted towards the origin by a force where kis a constantandr
is the distance of the electron from the origin. By applying Bohr model to this system, be
radius of the nh orbital of the electron is found to be , and the kinetic energy of the
electron to be T,. Then, which of the following is true?
1
(a) T, is independent of n, r, n U (b) T, «-,, n
1
(c) T, ,, n' (d) T, o
 201
/ e rA l o m s

MPELITIONCONNECT
Spectra [NCERT(0ld)
Pg. 420-422]
| series (Column I) with minimum wavelength of spectral lines (Column I).
spectral
Match
L Column I Column II
A Lyman 9/R
B Balmer 2. 16/R
C Paschen 3 4/R
D Brackett 4 1/R
E Pfund 5 25/R
B. C
A.
E.
D
wavelength ofthe first line of the Balmer series of hydrogen is 6561 Á, the wavelength of
2 If secondline of the series should be
the (3280Å/4860Å).
4 The ratio of wavelengths of the last line of Balmer series and the last line of Lyman series

(a)2 (b) 1 (c) 4 (d) 0.5

In Pfund series,ratio of maximum to minimum wavelength of emittedspectral lines is 36:11.
True False

slargest
In the spectrum of hydrogen, the largest wavelength in theLyman series is 5times the
wavelength in the Balmer series.
Yes No
6. If the series limit frequency of the Lyman series is v,, then the series limit
Píund series is
frequency of the
la) 25 v (b) 16 VL (c VL (a)
16 25
*2. The Line Spectra of Hydrogen Atom [NCERT (Old) Pg.
428-430]
1 Choose correct expressions from the
following.
K=Rydberg constant, m = mass of electron, e = charge of electron, &,=
space, h = Planck's constant, n, and n, = initial and permittivity of free
final states quantum numbers and v, =
trequency of photon.
me
I.R= II. R= me

8eh'c
8.
Draw all possible emissions corresponding to absorption given below.
n=3

n=2

n=1
202 NCERT REVISION
WORKBOOK
9. An electronjumps from the 4th orbit to 2nd orbit of the hydrogen atom
constant R=10'm', the frequency of
emitted radiation will be
PGihvyesnic,Co Ry
value of a and b!

Assertion-Reason Questions
(Q Nos. 1-10) nthe folloxwing questions, astatement of Assertion is followed by a
Direction
setement of Reason. From the follooing options, choose the correct one.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not
explanation of
the correct
cor espo
explanation Assertion
of
n din
(c) Assertion is correctbut Reason is incorrect.
(d) Assertion is incorrect but Reason is correct. Ns erim
to Coulomb forces
". ASsertion (A) Electrons in an atom are held due
Reason (R) The atom is stable only because the centripetal force due to Coulomb ,
balanced by the centrifugal force.
(a) O (b) O
*2. Assertion (A) Angular momentum of single electron in any orbit of
is independent of the atomic number of the
element. hydrogen type
Reason (R) In ground state angular momentumn is minimum.
(a) (b) O (a)
3. Assertion (A) The energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom in the first excited state
approximately -5.45 x10-" J.
Reason (R) The energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom can be found by ml
where, mis mass of electron, eis elementary charge, nis principal quantum number
8n'e,t
Planck's constant.
(a) O (b) O
4. Assertion (A) Highest energy state corresponds with the electron revolving in an or
closest to the nucleus.
Reason (R)Energies of the excited states come closer and closer together as nincreae
(a) O (b) O
5. Assertion (A) Energy E, is required to remove first electron from helium atom and
energy E, is to required to remove the second electron. Then, E, < E,.
Reason (R) lonisation energy of single electron of He* is 54.4 eV.
(a) (b) O () D (d) O
6. Assertion (A) An electron can absorb any photon of energy more than l3.0 e.
Reason (R) Energy absorbed by an electron is always equal to difference of energ
of two energy levels.
(a)
 203

Assertion (A) Itis not essential that allthe lines available in the emission spectrum will
available i
be
the absorption spectrum.
also
Reason(R) The spectrum of hydrogen atom is only absorption spectrum.
(b) O (c) D
Assertion(A) Emission line spectrum of an element serve as afingerprint of that element.
Reason(R) There is no regular pattern of field lines in an emission spectrum.
(b) O (d)
Assertion(A) Energy of 13.6 eV is required to remove an electron fromthe H-atom to a
9 distance infinitely far away from proton.
Reason(R) Energy of electron in ground state of H-atom is 13.6 eV.
(b) O (c)
(a)
Assertion(A) Second orbit circumference of hydrogen atom is two times the de-Broglie
wavelength ofelectrons in that orbit.
Reason (R)) de-Broglie wavelength of electron in ground state is minimum.
(b) O (d) O

ase Based Questions

An electron is rotating in a circular path under the influence of a magnetic field of
ronstant magnitude and direction. Assume that Bohr's quantisation of angular momentum
is valid for this electron. (Take, h =Planck's constant, q =charge of electron, r = radius of
path and B=magnetic field strength)
Radius of rth orbit of electron is
2zh nh
(b) |ngh 2nh
2B
i The frequency of the electron's revolution in the circular path under the magnetic field
is directly proportional to
(a) B 1
(b) B O) B D()
B?
l Kinetic energy of the th orbit will be
nhBg
(b) nhBg
nhB nhB
4Tm 2um
(a)
4Tmg 2rt mg
M) Let the electron makes a transition from second orbit to first
orbit and let a photon is
Cued in this process, then frequency of emitted photon willbe
a) zero (no
b) Cannot be
emission)
found
) half of casical
Id) classical
revolution frequency
revolution frequency
204 NCERT REVISION WORKBOOK
Physics Clar
Or
energy orbit to a
In Bohr's model, if an electron jumps from a higher lower energy
orbit around a nucleus. the energy released is
(a) converted into kinetic energy of the electron
(b) converted into potential energy of the electron
(c) released as electromagnetic radiation
(d) stored as nuclear energy
of light emitted or absorbed
by
2. Atomic spectra refer tothe unique patterns
energy evels. These spectra are atomsin when
crucial
transition takes place between
electrons elements and understanding atomic structure. There are three main types cf
identifying
spectra and continuous spectra
atomic spectra : emission spectra, absorption
When an atomic gas or vapour is excited at low pressure, usually by passing an electi
has a spectrum containing specific
current through it, the emitted radiation
only. wavelengh,
On the other hand, if white light passes through a gas, we found that the transmitted ljc
consists of some dark lines in the spectrum. These dark lines correspond preciselyto th
spectrum of gas.
wavelengths which were found in the emission
() Atomic spectra is obtained when excited electrons in atoms return to iower energy.
This spectra is known as
(b) absorption spectra
(a) emission spectra
(d) diffraction spectra
(c) continuous spectra
other hot, dense objects is
(ü) The atomic spectra obtained in stars and
(a) emission spectra (b) absorption spectra
(c) continuous spectra (d) line spectra
Or

The study of atomic spectra is essential because

(a) it helps to identify chemical reactions
energy levels
(b) it provides information about atomic composition and
(c) it explains nuclear reactions
(d) it determines molecular structures
the yellow region of the spectrum at a
(iü) A sodium lamp emites light primarily in From
wavelength of approximate by 589 nm. this information, we conclude that the
atom is
energy difference between two energy levels of sodium
(a) 3.37 x 10-9 J (b) 4.4 x 10J
(c) 2.63 x 10-6 J (a) 3.59 x 100J
energy level to n =2leve.
(iv) Hydrogen atom emits light when it changes from n=5
Which colour of light would the atom emit?
(a) Red (b) Yellow
(c) Green (d) Violet
 cOMPETITIONEDGE UP
particle.scatterin9 experiment (b) Both Statement I and Statement ll are
distanceoffclosest approach for the a-particle
m. If target nucleus hhas atomic false
(c) Both statement Iand Stotem ent |lare
maximum velocity of
nUmber Then,
80 true
a portice
is. x 10° m/s approximately. (d) statement Iis false but Statement Il is
0x 1o Sl unit, mass of a-particle true

41¬, = 6.72 >x I02" ko 6. The radius of third stotionaryorbit of electron

for Bohr's atom is R. The radius of fourth
[NCERT Pg. 295, JEE Main 2024] stationary orbit will be
INCERT Pg. 299, JEE Main 2024]
angular momentum of an electron in a
The
2.hydrogenatomis proportional to (ohere,
r is (a).16 (b)
the radiusof orbit of electron) 4
(NCERT P9. 299, JEE Main 2024] 3
(b) ! 7. Given below are two statements.
(olr
Statement IAtoms are electrically neutral as
they contain equal number of positive and
negative charges.
Accordingto Bohr's theory, the moment of
3. momentumof an electron revolving in 4th Statement Il Atoms of each element are
stable and emit their characteristic spectrum.
orbit ofhydrogen atom is In the liqht of the above statements, choose
[NCERT P9. 299, JEE Main 2024]
(b) 24 the most appropriate answer from the options
T given below. INCERT Pg. 290, NEET 2024]
(a) Both Statement I and Statement ll are
correct.
2T
(b) Both Statement Iand Statement ll
4 The ratio of the magnitude of the kinetic are incorrect.
energy to the potential energy of an electron (c) Statement I is correct but Statement
in the Sth excited state of a hydrogen atom is | is incorrect.
[NCERT Pg. 296, JEE Main 2024] (d) Statement l is incorrect but Stotement
I| is corect.
(o) (b) /4
(d) 4 8. The radius of inner most orbit of hydrogen
atom is 5.3 x 10- m, What is the radius of
S. Given below are two statements. third allowed orbit of hydrogen atom ?
Statement I Most of the mass of the atom [NCERT Pg. 299, NEET 2023)
and all its positive charge are concentrated in (a) 1.06 ¢ (b) 1.59 ¢
atiny nucleus and the electrons revolve around
it, is Rutherford's model. (c) 4.77 ¢ (d) o.s3 ¢
Stotement Il An atom is a spherical cloud of 9. The total energy of an electron in the nth
positive charges oith electrons embedded in stationary orbit of the hydrogen atom can be
I5,is a special case of Rutherford's model. obtained by INCERT Pg. 299, NEET (Oct) 2020]
I3.6
CNCERT Pg. 293, JEE Main 2024) (o) E, = ev

In the light of the above statements, choose 13.6

the most appropriate from the options given (b) E, = n
eV

belo, 1.36
(o) Statement Iis true but Statement Il is false (c)E, = n
eV

(d) E, = 13,6 x n' ev