CLASS XII

SUBJECT: PHYSICS
CHAPTER 4: MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETIC FIELDS

Bio-Savart’s Law & Ampere’s circuital Law

1. State Biot savart law .use it to derive an expression for the magnetic field due to a current
carrying circular loop of N turns and radius R, at a point distance x from its centre on the axis
of the loop.

2. A straight thick long wire of uniform cross section of radius ‘a’ is carrying a steady current I.
Use Ampere’s circuital law to obtain a relation showing the variation of the magnetic field
inside and outside the wire with distance r, (r  a) and (r > a) of the field point from the centre
of its cross section. Plot the graph showing the nature of this variation.

Calculate the ratio of magnetic field at a point a/2 above the surface of the wire to that at a
point a/2 below its surface. What is the maximum value of the field of this wire?

FORCE ON A MOVING CHARGE: LORENTZ FORCE

1. Which are of the following will describe the smallest circle when projected with the same
velocity v perpendicular to the magnetic field B (i) α particle and (ii) β particle?

2. Force is given by ⃗F =q ( ⃗
V ×⃗
B) of these name the pairs of vector which are always at right
angles to each other.

3. A velocity selector is to be designed for particles of velocity 10m/s. What magnetic field
should be employed if the electric field in it is 100 N/C.

4. An electron an a proton, having equal momenta, enter a uniform magnetic field at right
angles to the field lines. What will be the ratio of the radii of curvature of their trajectories?

5. A neutron, an electron and an alpha particle moving with equal velocities, enter a uniform
magnetic field going into the plane of the paper as shown. Trace their paths in the field and
justify your answer.
6. A charged particle having a charge of 2 nC moving in a magnetic field B with a velocity
⃗v =10 i^ m/s experiences a magnetic force ⃗
5 −5
F =2 ×10 ¿ )N. Find the direction and magnitude
of the magnetic field

7. A charged particle moves along the positive X-axis in a uniform magnetic ‘B’ which is
directed parallel to the positive Y-axis.

(i) In which direction would the Lorentz force act for an electron?

(ii) What will be the path of the charged particle?

(iii) Draw the path of the charged particle if it has a velocity component along ‘B’.

FORECE ON A CURRENT CARRYING CONDUCTOR

1. Two long parallel straight wires X and Y separated by a distance of 5 cm in air carry
currents of 10 A and 5A respectively in opposite direction. Calculate the magnitude and the
direction of force on a 20 cm length of the wireY.

2. A straight wire carries a current of 3A from south to north. Calculate the magnitude of the
magnetic field at a point 10cm away from the wire. Draw diagram to show the direction of the
magnetic field.

3. Find the magnitude of the force on each segment of the wire shown below, if a magnetic
field of 0.30T is apllied parallel to AB and DE. Take the value of the current, flowing in the
wire as 1amp.

4. An electron is moving at 106m/s in a direction parallel to a current of 5 A, flowing through

an infinitely long straight wire, separated by a perpendicular distance of 10 cm in air. Calculate
the magnitude of the force experienced by the electrons.

5. Depict the magnetic field lines due to two straight, long, parallel conductors carrying
currents I1 and I2 in same direction. Hence deduce an expression for the force acting per unit
length on one conductor due to the other. Is this force attractive or repulsive? Hence define One
ampere.
6. A square loop of side 20 cm carrying current of 1A is kept near an infinite long straight wire
carrying a current of 2A in the same plane as shown in the figure.

Calculate the magnitude and direction of the net force exerted on the loop due to the current
carrying conductor.

TORQUE ON A CURRENT CARRYING LOOP

1. A square shaped plane coil of area 100 cm2 of 200 turns carries a steady current of 5A. It is
placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.2 T acting perpendicular to the plane of the coil.
Calculate the torque on the coil when its plane makes an angle of 60° with the direction of the
field. In which orientation will the coil be in stable equilibrium ?

2. A closely wound solenoid of 2000 turns and cross sectional area 1.6 × 10–4m2 carrying a
current of 4.0 A is suspended through its centre allowing it to turn in a horizontal plane. Find
(i) the magnetic moment associated with the solenoid, (ii) magnitude and direction of the
torque on the solenoid if a horizontal magnetic field of 7.5 × 10–2 T is set up at an angle of 30°
with the axis of the solenoid.

3. Derive, with the help of a suitable diagram, the expression (in vector form) for the torque
acting on a rectangular loop of area A carrying current I, placed in a uniform magnetic field B.

MOVING COIL GALVANOMETER

1. The coil of a moving coil galvanometer is cylindrical. Why?

2. A galvanometer of resistance ‘G’ can be converted into a voltmeter of range (0-V) volts by
connecting a resistance ‘R’ in series with it. How much resistance will be required to change its
range from 0 to V/2 ?

3. If the current sensitivity of a moving coil – galvanometer is increased by 20%, its resistance
also increase by 1.5 times, How will the voltage sensitivity of the galvanometer be affected.

4. A long straight wire carries a current of 4A. A proton P travels as 4X106 m/s, parallel to the
wire, 0.2m from it and in a direction opposite to the current. Calculate the force which the
magnetic field of current exerts on the proton. Also specify the direction of the force.

5. A uniform magnetic field B is set-up along the positive X-axis. A particle of charge ‘q’ and
mass ‘m’ moving with velocity v enters the field at the origin in X-Y plane such that it has
velocity components both along and perpendicular to the magnetic B. Trace, giving reason, the
trajectory followed by the particle. Find out the expression for the distance moved by the
particle along the magnetic field in one rotation.
6. A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 15 ohm and shows a full scale deflection for a
current of 4mA. Calculate the value of resistance required to convert in to an ammeter of range
0 to 6A.

7. A galvanometer of resistance G is converted into a voltmeter to measure upto V volts by

connecting a resistance R1 in series with the coil. If a resistance R2 is connected in series with
it, then it can measure upto V/2 volts. Find the resistance, in terms of R1 and R2, required to be
connected to convert it into a voltmeter that can read upto 2 V. Also find the resistance G of the
galvanometer in terms of R1 and R2.

8. Draw the labeled diagram of a moving coil galvanometer.

(i)Which one of the two – an ammeter or a milli-ammeter, has greater resistance, when made
from identical galvanometers? Explain.
(ii) Define its current and voltage sensitivity and explain how they can be increased.
(iv) A galvanometer with a coil resistance of 5 ohm can tolerate a maximum current of 10mA.
Explain how this can be converted into an ammeter of range 1A.

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