GRADE 7 SUBJECT: BIOLOGY

CHAPTER: 1- TISSUES

I. A. Choose the most appropriate option to complete each

statement
1. at the root tips
2. muscles to bones
3. connective tissue
4. cardiac muscles
5. striated muscles
6. dendrites
B. Fill in the blanks
1. tissues
2. meristematic
3. collenchyma
4. Xylem, phloem
5. Ligament
6. Smooth
C. Write True or False
1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. F
II. A. Name the following
1. permanent tissue
2. fluid connective tissue
3. blood
4. striated tissue
5. axon
6. epithelial tissue
B. Define the following
1. Tissue is a group of similar cells performing a specific function.
2. Plasma is the liquid part of the blood that is non-living and is
composed of proteins.
3. A neuron is a basic unit of the nervous system.
C. Find the ODD one out. Give reasons
1. Xylem; Xylem is a complex tissue while others are simple
tissues.
 2. Meristematic tissue; Meristematic tissue is a dividing tissue
while the others are types of non-dividing permanent tissue.
3. Epithelial tissue; The others are types of connective tissue.
4. Ligament; Ligament is a type of connective tissue while the
others are muscles.
D. Answer the following questions briefly
1. Plant tissues are of two types—meristematic tissue and
permanent tissue.
2. Functions of an adipose tissue are to act as a shock absorber and
to form an
insulating layer.
3.
Bones Cartilage
Mainly a supporting
Make up the skeleton of an
tissue that acts as a shock
animal
absorber for the bones
The matrix is in the form of
The matrix is firm and
concentric rings around a
elastic with embedded
central canal. Bone cells are
cartilage cells.
embedded in the matrix.

4. Two functions of the blood are:

• It helps in the transportation of respiratory gases such as
oxygen and carbon dioxide.
• It helps in the transportation of digested food to various parts
of the body.
III. A. Differentiate between the following
1.
Apical meristem Lateral meristem
They are found at the growing They are found between the
tips of roots and shoots. conducting tissues.

These tissues are responsible for These tissues are responsible

the increase in the length of the for the increase in girth of the
roots and shoot of a plant. plants.
2.
Collenchyma Sclerenchyma
It is made up of living cells which are It is made up of dead cells with
elongated with thickened corners. extremely thick walls throughout.
Collenchyma provides tensile
Sclerenchyma provides mechanical
strength to the leaves and stems of
strength to the plant.
dicot plants.
3.
Xylem Phloem
Xylem is mostly made up Phloem is mostly made up of living
of dead cells. cells.
It helps in the transportation of
It conducts water and
dissolved food to various parts of
minerals from the roots of
the plant from the leaves and also
plants to the leaves.
stores food.
4.
Blood Lymph
It is a fluid connective tissue with
Lymph is blood without the
red blood cells, white blood cells
red blood cells.
and blood platelets.
It helps in transportation of
respiratory gases, digested food and
It protects the body from
helps in the removal of waste from
infections.
the body. It also protects against
infections.
5.
Voluntary muscles Involuntary muscles

Muscles are under the control of an

individual. They help in the Muscles are not under the control
movement of bones and bring of an individual.
about locomotion.
They are cylindrical in shape and They are spindle shaped and
multinucleate. uninucleate.

For example, muscles attached to For example, muscles of the

the arms and legs internal organs

B. Answer the following questions in detail

1. Meristematic tissue is found in the growing tips of roots and
shoots, in the nodes, internodes and on the leaf bases of monocot
plants, and also between xylem and phloem.
The characteristics of meristematic tissue are:
• The cells are living and small in size.
• The cells have thin walls.
• The cells are rich in cytoplasm and have a distinct nucleus.
• There is no space between the cells.
• The cells divide actively, thus helping the plant to grow
rapidly.
2. There are two conducting tissues in plants. The function of
xylem is the conduction of water and minerals upwards from the
roots of the plants to the leaves. The function of the phloem is the
transportation of dissolved food to various parts of the plant from
the leaves. It also helps in storage of food.
3. The cells of the epithelial tissue are flat, cuboidal or elongated
and lie close to each other without any intercellular space. The
functions of the epithelial cells are to:
• line the body cavity or body surface.
• protect the underlying tissues.
• prevent the entry of germs.
• secrete mucus.
• help in absorption of digested food in the intestines.
• help in exchange of gases between the alveoli of lungs and
the surrounding blood capillaries.
 • grow rapidly to repair damage in the body.
4. The connective tissue is different from the other tissues in the
following ways:
• It connects different parts of the body.
• It binds various organs together and fills the space between
many organs.
• It gives support and forms the skeletal system of the human
body.
• It may be in the solid or the liquid form.
• It helps the body perform many bodily functions such as the
exchange of gases and transportation of digested substances.
5. The three types of muscular tissue are the striated or voluntary
muscles, unstriated or involuntary muscles and the cardiac muscles.
The cardiac muscles are present only in the heart. They are
cylindrical, branched striated muscles. They are multinucleate and
involuntary. They help in the pumping of blood in the heart.
Challenge Questions
A. 1. Epithelial tissue
2. The tissue can be seen in the lining of the stomach.
3. Epithelial tissue protects the underlying tissues.
B. 1. Xylem
2. Xylem helps in conducting minerals and water upwards from
the roots of the plants to the leaves.
3. Yes, phloem is also a conducting tissue present in plants.
4. If the xylem tissue is removed from the plant, the plant will
wither and die as it cannot get enough water from the soil.