GARDEN

• Is a planned space, usually outdoors set aside for the display,

cultivation and enjoyment of plants .
STYLE OF GARDENING

• Deals with the laying out pattern of garden.

• How plants are arranged on the ground form part of the style of gardening.
Different style of gardening
• Formal
• Informal
• Wild
• Free style
FORMAL STYLE
• The plan is made on the paper and the land is selected to develop
garden.
• Land is levelled.
• Layout plan is symmetrical or geometrical.
• Everything is planted in straight line.
• Road and path are designed at right angle.
• Same features is replicated on both sides of central axis.
• Hedges and topiary are maintained in proper shape by trimming.
• Trees can be selected as individual features.
• Eg. Mughal, Persian garden and French garden
INFORMAL STYLE
• It aims at utilizing natural scenery.
• Land is not levelled.
• The plant is asymmetrical and non-
geometrical.
• The plants are not trimmed.
• Individual plant is not selected as
feature.
• Eg. English and Japanese garden
WILD GARDEN & FREE STYLE

• It utilizes beauty of both formal and informal gardening.

• The idea of wild garden was expounded by William Robinson.
• In this style, the plants are naturalized in Shrubberies.
• The grass is left unmoved.
• Few bulbous plants are allowed growing scattered in the grass
• Trees, shrubs and Bulbous plans should be planted among the forest
flora to give the reflection of wild gardens.
WILD AND FREE STYLE GARDEN
MUGHAL GARDEN
The garden laid out during the reign of Mughal Emperor, Babar in
India are known as Mughal garden.
The main features of Mughal garden are as follow:
• Site and Design
Mughal always selected site on hill slope with a perennial water
source of water or along with the banks of perennial river.
The gardens were mostly square or rectangular shape. Different
features like bird bath , fountains etc are find due place in the
garden.
• Walls and Gates
 Mughal created garden for recreation and pleasure and also for
residence.
The gardens were surrounded with high walls so that it may no
easily accessed by enemies.
The entrance were provided with huge wooden gates with iron
nails and pointed iron spikes.
• Terrace
Garden has at least 7, 8 or 12 terraces symbolizing 7 planets, 8
paradise or 12 zodiac with entrance at lower terrace.
• Running water
Mughal garden were provided with source of water like canals or
pond.
• Baradari
It is masonry feature with a permanent roof ans raised platform for
sitting.
It was usually provided with 12 doors three in one direction.
To watch the dancing girls, rain shower etc.
• Tomb or Mosque
It was a common practice to create garden around Tomb or Mosque.
• Trees and Flowers
According to Mughals each tree symbolizes something.
Fruit trees were considered as the symbols of life and youth.
Cypress represents death and eternity.
The seasonal flowers planted along the water canal.
Rose, Jasmine, carnation etc were favoured flowes of Mughal garden.
MUGHAL GARDEN
PERSIAN GARDEN
• Is one of the oldest garden style in the world.
• The gardens were based on ideas of heaven.
• Persians used crafted material such as masonry, carved and pierced marble
stones and highly polished stones.
• The gardens were laid out by cutting terrace on hill slopes.
• They trapped some natural spring to create straight water course.
• The flowing canal was the main feature of Persian garden.
• According to Persians Paradise is the place where cooling water flows.
• The fruit tress were life and cypress representing death and eternity planted
in the garden.
PERSIAN GARDEN
ITALIAN GARDEN

• Came into existence at the time of Renaissance (period between 14

and 17th centuries).
• Resemble Mughal or Persian garden.
• Fountains, sculptures , water canals box or yew hedges, topiary,
arbour, trellis etc.
• Architecturally beautiful buildings, massive flight of stairs complete
with balustrade to connect the different levels of garden.
• Decorative urns, fountains generally in combination with stone
sculptures.
• Plants with ilex and roses.
ITALIAN GARDEN
FRENCH GARDEN
• Formal garden in perfection.
• Un exampled scale of mass and design.
• The focus of garden tends to be the house, usually a place.
• The geometrical plan is used and symmetry is very important.
• A central axis leads away from the house .
• Paths tend to be gravel and edged with clipped hedges and topiary laid
out in symmetrical manner.
FRENCH GARDEN
ENGLISH GARDEN
• The English garden presented an idealized view of nature.
• English gardening style developed after the development of Persian
and Italian gardening style.
• All these gardening styles were the result of the influence of the
modern landscape architecture.
• Lawn.
• Herbaceous border, shrubbery and rockery.
ENGLISH GARDEN
JAPANESE GARDEN
• Gardens were developed close association with nature.
• Immutability is the strong feature.
• Except some seasonal changes during in the deciduous trees, the
garden hardly goes under any other visible changes during different
seasons.
• Ornamental water: ponds, water falls, streams, fountains, wells and
water basins.
• Island, bridges, stones, stone lanterns, pergolas, fences and gates.
• Low sculptured bushes and trained dwarf trees are the attraction.
JAPANESE GARDEN
POPULAR GARDENS IN INDIA
• Lalbagh, Bengaluru, Karnataka.
• Brindavan garden, Mysore, Karnataka.
• Government Botanic Garden, Ootacamund, Tamil Nadu.
• SIMS’ Park, Coonoor, Tamil Nadu.
• Botanic Garden, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
• The Byrant park, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu.
• The Indian Botanic Garden, Sibpur, Kolkata, West Bengal.
• Llyod Botanic Garden, Darjeeling, West Bengal.
• National Botanic Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.
• Rashtrapati Bhavan Garden, New Delhi
• Buddha Jayanti Park, New Delhi.
• Botanic Garden, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun.
• Mughal Gardens of Kashmir- Shalimar Garden, Nishat Bagh, Chama-
e-shahi, Achabal.
• The Mughal Garden, Pinjore, Haryana.
• Rose Garden, Chandigarh.
• Mandor Garden, Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
• Sayaji Park, Baroda, Gujarat.