Scribd
Upload
3 views

exerciseset3_0 (1)

The document contains a set of exercises focused on spaceflight mechanics, specifically dealing with orbital dynamics and velocity changes for spacecraft. It includes calculations for various scenarios such as circular to elliptical orbit transitions, Hohmann transfers, and velocity changes for orbit transfers. Each exercise requires determining parameters like true anomaly, eccentricity, and velocity changes necessary for specific orbital maneuvers.

Uploaded by

brohanzala40
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3 views

exerciseset3_0 (1)

The document contains a set of exercises focused on spaceflight mechanics, specifically dealing with orbital dynamics and velocity changes for spacecraft. It includes calculations for various scenarios such as circular to elliptical orbit transitions, Hohmann transfers, and velocity changes for orbit transfers. Each exercise requires determining parameters like true anomaly, eccentricity, and velocity changes necessary for specific orbital maneuvers.

Uploaded by

brohanzala40
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Spaceflight Mechanics

Exercise set 3

1. A spacecraft is placed on a circular orbit of radius R1 . A horizontal velocity variation

occurs, with magnitude equal to 20% of the initial velocity

  
 v ,  1.2v , ; vr ,  0, v ,   . After this impulse, the orbit is elliptic. Calculate
 R1 

a. the true anomaly right after the velocity change;


b. the orbit eccentricity.
2. Repeat the preceding exercise by assuming a radial velocity change, i.e.

vr ,  vr ,  0.2v ,  vr ,  0 .

3. A spacecraft is placed in a circular orbit, and a horizontal velocity change is applied, such
that v ,  bv , . Determine the value of b such that the trajectory after the velocity impulse

is a parabola.
4. A spacecraft is placed in a circular orbit, and a radial velocity change is applied, such that
vr ,  vr ,  bv , . Determine the value of b such that the trajectory after the velocity impulse

is a parabola.
5. Calculate the two velocity changes v1 and v2 required to perform a Hohmann transfer

from an initial circular orbit of radius R1 to a final circular orbit of radius R 2

( R1  7000 km and R 2  14000 km ).

6. A spacecraft must complete an orbit transfer between its initial circular orbit, of radius
R1  RE  500 km , and a final circular orbit of radius R 2  RE  200000 km

R E  6378.136 km,   398600.4 km3 sec2  . Obtain

a. the total velocity change for a Hohmann transfer;


b. the total velocity change for a bielliptic transfer, with rAi  RE  500000 km (apoapse

radius of the intermediate elliptic arcs);


c. the total velocity change for a biparabolic transfer;
d. the time of flight to complete these three transfers.
7. A satellite orbits the Earth, with a perigee altitude of 700 km and eccentricity 0.3.
a. Determine position, direction, and magnitude of the optimal (minimum) velocity
variation that injects the spacecraft into a hyperbolic path, with hyperbolic excess
velocity v  2 km sec .

b. Calculate the limiting value of the true anomaly (at infinite distance).
8. A satellite is placed on a low Earth circular orbit, with radius of 7000 km and inclination of
20 deg. The final orbit is geosynchronous, with inclination of 5 deg. Determine
a. position, direction, and magnitude of the two (near-optimal) velocity changes needed to
perform the orbit transfer;
b. the time of flight to complete the transfer at hand.
9. A spacecraft is placed in a polar Earth orbit, with apoapse and periapse altitudes of 2000 km

and 400 km, respectively. The RAAN  equals 10 deg, and the apogee is located over the

North pole.

a. Calculate the semimajor axis, eccentricity and argument of perigee

A first velocity change is applied, for the purpose of reducing the apogee altitude from 2000

km to 400 km.

b. Determine the optimal direction and magnitude of the velocity change, as well as the

point where it must occur.

A second velocity variation is applied, in order to change the orbit inclination, from the

initial value to the new value, equal to 100 deg. The remaining orbit elements are not

altered. Determine

c. Magnitude, direction of this second velocity change, as well as the point where this

must occur.

d. The maximal and minimum latitude flown by the spacecraft.

10. At the initial time t0 , set to 0, a satellites is placed on an Earth polar circular orbit, with the

following orbit elements

R  7000 km   10 deg t  t0   0 deg


where R and  denote the orbit radius and RAAN, whereas  t is the argument of latitude.

Determine

a. the time t1   t0  at which the satellite flies over the North pole.

At t1 a velocity change occurs, it is tangent to the trajectory and in the same direction of

motion; the satellite flies again over the North pole 110 minutes after the velocity variation,

at t2  t1  110 min . Determine

b. the magnitude of the velocity change;

c. the orbit eccentricity after the impulse.

11. At time t0 , a spacecraft is at the descending node, at geographical longitude of 110 deg, and
travels a circular orbit, at altitude of 700 km, with inclination of 98.2 deg; the Greenwich
sidereal time at t0 equals 10 deg.

a. Calculate the right ascension of the ascending node (RAAN),  0 .

A single-impulse maneuver is applied, to change the RAAN to the (new) value  f  310

deg, without altering the inclination.


b. Identify the point where this velocity change is applied and calculate its magnitude.

c. Prove that this v only depends on   f  0  (and not on  f and 0 separately).

You might also like