Subject: ANATOMY, HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY I.

PRACTICAL
Year, Semester: 1st year/1st semester
WEEK Start End Number of teaching hours: Practical: 56

Practical 1 Practical 2
Practical: 1A Introduction, terminology 1B Bones of the upper limb.
Introduction to anatomical terminology. Terms to describe the anatomical position and location, Bones of the upper limb, orientation on the bones, defining the anatomical position of bones.
1 09th Sep. 13th Sep. planes and directions, definition of the axis of a movement and their importance in the Identifying left or right bones.
anatomical descriptions. Gross anatomical features of the body.

Practical: 2A Joints of the upper limb 2B Surface anatomy of the upper limb.
Review of general arthrology based on the relevant lecture. Defining the types of movement. Palpable structures, major surface anatomical landmarks and pulse points of the upper limb.
Joints of the upper limb: articular surfaces, ligaments, axis of movements, range of motion, General organization and layers of the upper limb. Epifascial structures: cutaneous nerves and
blood supply. superficial veins. Course of superficial veins and their major anastomoses. Pattern of
cutaneous innervation.
2 16th Sep. 20th Sep.
Dissection: Proper dissection techniques, removal of subcutaneous fat. Demonstration of the
“orange peel” appearance of retinacula cutis, dissection of the epifascial structures. Removal
of skin of the shoulder, arm and forearm in one flap. Skinincision in the midline of the volar
surface from the shoulder to the wrist, where the incision encircles the wrist.Isolation of
subcutaneous veins and cutaneous nerves.

Practical: 3A Axilla 1. 3B Axilla 2. Dissection of ventral regions, muscles, vessels and nerves 1.
Discussion of the location, walls and contents of the axillary fossa. The brachial plexus and its Triangular and quadrangular spaces and structures passing through them. Muscles of the
branches, axillary artery and its branches. shoulder. Rotator cuff muscles. Anterior region of the arm, medial bicipital groove, flexors of
Axillary lymph nodes and the lymphatic drainage of the upper limb. Thoracohumeral muscles the arm, branches of the brachial artery.
and their innervation.
3 23rd Sep. 27th Sep. Dissection: demonstration of the borders and structures of the triangular and quadrangular
Dissection: Removal of skin of thoracic wall with the mammary gland. Dissection ofthoracic spaces, completion of the dissection of the axillary fossa. Dissection of the anterior region of
musclesin infraclavicular region.Incision ofbrachial fascia in the medial bicipital groove towards the arm.
the axillary fossa.Dissection of branches of brachial plexus, axillaryartery and vein.

Practical: 4A Dissection of the ventral region, muscles, vessels and nerves 2. 4B Dissection of the ventral region, muscles, vessels and nerves 3.
Borders and structures of the cubital fossa. Anterior region of the forearm. Anterior carpal region. Walls of the carpal tunnel and structures passing through it. Synovial
sheaths of flexors. Contents of the Guyon's canal: ulnar nerve and artery. Structure of the
Dissection: Removal ofcubital fascia(bicipital aponeurosisremains intact).Dissection oferminal palm and digits: muscles, arteries and nerves.
branches of the brachial artery, arterial anastomosis around the elbow joint, median nerve,
median cubital vein. Demonstration oftheir relation to the bicipital aponeurosis.Removal of Dissection: Dissection of Guyon's canal and its structures.Transection offlexor retinaculum to
th th
4 30 Sep. 04 Oct. antebrachial fascia to the flexor retinaculum. Dissection offlexor muscles, arteries and nerves expose the contents of carpal tunnel.Incision and reflection ofskin of the palmalongthe margins
of forearm Demonstration of radial and ulnar and median arteries and nerves, and median of thenar and hypothenar to metacarpophalangeal joints. Dissection of the thenar and
nerve. hypothenar muscles. Dissection of the mesothenar by layers, demonstration of superficial
anddeeppalmar arches, median and ulnar nerves and their branches.Removal ofskin from at
least one of the fingers. Demonstrationofproper palmar digital arteries and nerves, as well as
the tendons of the long flexors.

Practical: 5A Dorsal regions, muscles, vessels and nerves 1. 5B Dorsal regions, muscles, vessels and nerves 2.
Scapular region. Borders of the triangular and quadrangular spaces. Spinohumeral muscles. Posterior region of forearm. Dorsal carpal region, extensor tendon sheaths. Dorsum of the
Posterior region of the arm. hand.
Anatomical snuffbox.
5 7th Oct. 11th Oct. Dissection: Incision and reflection of skin to the paravertebral line. Dissection of spinohumeral,
scapular and triceps brachii muscles, triangular and quadrangular spaces and their contents. Dissection: Removal of antebrachial fascia.Dissection ofextensor muscles of forearmandtheir
vessels and nerves.Removal of skin of the dorsum of hand. Demonstration and the extensor
retinaculum, dorsal venous plexus and cutaneous nerves.

Practical: 6A Consultation 6B Buffer

6 14th Oct. 18th Oct. Summary of the sensory and motor innervation of the upper limb. Symptoms of paralysis.

Practical: 7A Bones, ligaments and joints of pelvic girdle 7B Bones of the lower limb
Bones of the pelvic girdle: hip bone and sacrum. Orientation on the bones, defining their Bones of the lower limb. Orientation on the bones, defining the anatomical position of bones.
anatomical position. Identifying left or right bones. Ligaments of the pelvic girdle. Sacroiliac Identifying left or right bones.
7 st
21 Oct. th
25 Oct. joint. Inclination of the pelvis. Statics and biomechanics of pelvis: the sacrum as a two handed
lever, the transfer of body weight to the lower limbs. Terminal line, greater and lesser pelvis.
Diameters of pelvis.

Practical: 8A Joints of the lower limb 8B Surface anatomy of the lower limb
Joints of the lower limb: articular surfaces, ligaments, axis and types of movements, range of Palpable structures, major landmarks and pulse points of the lower limb. Epifascial structures:
motion, blood supply. superficial veins and cutaneous nerves.
Segmental innervation of the lower limb. Blood flow against gravity: valves of veins and
musculovenous pump mechanism. Lymphatic drainage of the lower limb and major lymph
8 28th Oct. 01st Nov. nodes.

Dissection: Removal of skin of the lower limb in one flap: skin incision from the midpoint of
inguinal ligament to the ankle. The incision encircles the ankle. Isolation of epifascial veins and
cutaneous nerves.

Practical: 9A Dissection of the ventral regions, muscles, vessels and nerves 1. 9B Dissection of the ventral regions, muscles, vessels and nerves 2.
Borders, compartments contents of subinguinal hiatus. Lumbar plexus. Anterior region of the Extensor and adductor muscles of the thigh. Tensor fascia latae and the iliotibial tract.
thigh. Fascia lata and saphenous hiatus. Borders and contents of the femoral triangle. Obturator canal. Borders of the adductor canal and its contents.
Branches of the femoral artery, arterial anastomosis around the hip joint. Femoral canal.
9 04th Nov. 08th Nov.
Dissection: Dissection of extensor muscles, femoral triangle and the entrance of adductor
Dissection: Incision of fascia lata longitudinally in the line of ASIS. Dissection of lacunae of canal. Dissection of adductor muscles and the branches of the obturator nerve. Course of the
subinguinal hiatus. greater saphenous vein.

Practical: 10A Dissection of the ventral region, muscles, nerves, arteries 3. 10B Dissection of the ventral region, muscles, nerves, arteries 1.
Anterior region of the leg. Muscles of the extensor and fibular compartments, their blood Gluteal region. Inner and outer hip muscles. Sacrotuberal and sacrospinous ligaments.
supply and innervation. Lateral malleolar region. Dorsum of the foot. Greater sciatic foramen, suprapiriform and infrapiriform hiatus. Lesser sciatic foramen. Sacral
plexus.
Dissection: Removal of crural fascia, dissection of muscles in the fibular and extensor Blood supply of gluteal region.
10 11th Nov. 15th Nov. compartments. Dissection of structures around the lateral malleolus. Removal of skin from
dorsum of the foot. Dissection of extensor retinaculum, dorsal venous plexus and cutaneous Dissection: Removal of skin of gluteal region to the origin of gluteus maximus. Detaching
nerves. Separation of extensor tendons. gluteus maximus tendon from the sacrum. Dissection of vessels, nerves and neurovascular
gateways of gluteal region. Demonstration of suprapiriform and infrapiriforms hiatuses. Course
of the pudendal neurovascular structures.
Demonstration of the site of intramuscular injections.
Practical: 11A Dissection of the ventral region, muscles, nerves, arteries 2. 11B Dissection of the ventral region, muscles, nerves, arteries 3.
Posterior region of the thigh, flexor muscles of the thigh. Branches of sciatic nerve. Borders of Posterior region of the leg. Medial malleolar region.
the popliteal fossa and its contents.
Dissection: Separation of hip flexors, demonstration of the hamstring group. Dissection of Dissection: Removal of crural fascia, dissection of the epifascial structures. Transection of the
11 18th Nov. 22nd Nov.
sciatic nerve and its terminal branches, medial and lateral cutaneous sural nerves, course of Achiles tendon, dissection ofposteriortibial arteryand tibial nerve.Structures around the medial
sural n. Dissection of popliteal fossa, removal of popliteal fat pad. Articular branches of the malleolus, dissection of tarsal tunnel.
popliteal artery.

Practical: 12A Dissection of the ventral region, muscles, nerves, arteries 4. 12B Consultation
Structure of the foot. Medial, intermediate and lateral plantar eminences. Medial and lateral Summary of the sensory and motor innervation of thelowerlimb. Symptoms of paralysis.
plantar grooves andtheircontents.The arches of the foot.

12 25th Nov. 29th Nov. Dissection: Dissection of the sole of the foot. Incision ofskinalong themedial and lateral
margins of the foottometatarso-phalangeal joints.Deteching plantar aponeurosis from
calcaneus.Dissection of neurovascular structures,intrinsicmuscles and tendons of soleof the
foot.Demonstration of the stirrup and medial and lateral slings.

13 02nd Dec. 06th Dec. 13B Buffer

Practical: 14A 14B Practical exam - second chance
Only for students who failed the first chance or could not attend it due to a documented
14 09th Dec. 13th Dec. medical condition.
Practical exam - first chance
Self Control Test
Requirements:
Course objectives:
The aim of the course is to familiarize the students with the most important psychological aspects of health and illness, the psychological characteristic of medical profession as well as the healing/caring process. The main
schools of psychology are also introduced. The course is intended to give basic knowledge for the purpose of understanding the phenomena of motivation, memory, socialization, empathy as far as they are relevant for future
medical doctors. This means the first steps toward the more specialised courses like medical psychology and behavioural medicine, as well as electives to be introduced in the third and fourth academic years.
First year students should pass “End of Semester Examination” (ESE) at the end of the semester. The Department of Behavioural Sciences will adhere to the requirements of the Rules and Regulations for English Program
Students. The student must be present and the examination at the designated time. (He/she must explain the reason for any absence from the examination to the Departmental Adviser within 1 day of the day of examination.)