G.

7 Science Name: ___________________

Lesson Worksheet Class: _______ ( )

1 Introducing Science
1.1 Learning about science (Book 1A, p. 3)

A Scope of science (Book 1A, p. 3)

 There are different branches of science. For example:

Branch of science Description

Study of living things, including their structure, function

(1) _______________ (生物學)
and interrelationships

Study of what makes up different substances and how

(2) _______________ (化學)
substances react

(3) _______________ (物理學) Study of matter, force and energy and their relationships

Astronomy (天文學) Study of the universe

Study of the structure, composition of the Earth and the

Geology (地質學)
processes that lead to their formation

(4) _______________ (醫學) Study of how to treat and prevent diseases

 Scientific knowledge is subject to change when new (5) _______________ becomes available.

 Scientific knowledge has its (6) _______________. Many questions still cannot be answered
using our present scientific knowledge.

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B Application and impact of science (Book 1A, p. 7)
 Scientists have made many (7) _______________ (發現). These discoveries have improved our
understanding of the natural world.
For example, Louis Pasteur discovered that germs are the real causes of some diseases.

 Scientists have made many (8) _______________ (發明) which have improved our quality of life. For
example, Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.

 Scientific knowledge can make a positive impact on the following:

a (9) _______________ _______________ management:

For example, new ways are developed to use water, coal, plants and animals more wisely.

b Development of new (10) _______________:

For example, microwaves are used in wireless communication technology.

 Misuse of science can be (11) _______________ to us. Examples include misuse of drugs and
explosives.

 In solving daily life problems, we often have to integrate and apply the knowledge and skills from
science, mathematics and technology.

Take the study of how to treat a disease caused by a new

virus as an example. Identity which subject does each of
the following knowledge or skills belong to. Put a ‘’ in
appropriate boxes.

Knowledge / skill Science Mathematics Technology

(12) To understand how the virus increases

  
in number in the human body

(13) To develop new machines for making

  
new drugs for treating the disease

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(14) To find out what chemicals can control
  
the reproduction of the virus

(15) To carry out statistical analysis about

  
the effectiveness of the new drugs

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1.2 Practice of science (Book 1A, p. 12)

A Basic steps in scientific investigation (Book 1A, p. 12)

 How do scientists carry out scientific investigations (科學探究) ?
1

Edward He made (1) _______________ (觀察)

Jenner
carefully.

Jenner noticed that milkmaids who had caught

cowpox (牛痘) before seldom caught smallpox.
2

He asked a (2) ______________ (問題)

based on his observations.

Jenner asked ‘Do the people who were once

sick with cowpox have a special ability to fight
against smallpox?’

He suggested an idea based on

information collected. This idea is
called a (3) _______________ (假說).
Jenner proposed a hypothesis: ‘Cowpox pus (假說) which is a possible answer to his
can protect people against smallpox’.
question.

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 4

He designed and carried out an

(4) _______________ (實驗) and
recorded the (5) ______________ (結果)
carefully.
Jenner put some cowpox pus into a child’s
body. After a few days, the child recovered and
he put some smallpox pus into the child’s body.

He analyzed the results and drew a

(6) _______________ (結論).

The child did not develop smallpox. The result

supported his hypothesis and he concluded that
cowpox pus can protect people against
smallpox.

B Working like a scientist (Book 1A, p. 15)

 Scientists make careful observations. When making observations, we may make use of one or
more of our senses, including sight, smell, touch and hearing.

Put a vitamin C tablet* into water and observe what happens. Write down your observations.

(7) I see _________________________________________________

(8) I smell _______________________________________________

(9) When I touch the glass, I feel _____________________________

(10) I hear ________________________________________________

(11) Other: _______________________________________________

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 Mike carries out a scientific investigation based on his observation in daily life. Arrange the
following pictures in the correct sequence. Write down A to E in the space below the pictures.

A
Mike
Mike
C

E
D

Making Asking a Proposing a Carrying out

observations question hypothesis experiments
(12) _______ (13) _______ (14) _______ (15) _______

Recording results and

drawing a conclusion
(16) _______

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 There are three types of variables (變項) in a fair test (公平測試):
 (17) _______________ variable: we have to change this in order to observe what happens.
 (18) _______________ variable: this is the variable to be measured.
 (19) _______________ variables: we have to keep these variables the same.

 Mike uses the set-up below to find out whether the water temperature rises less within a period
of time when the bottle is wrapped in a towel.
Identify the variables in his experiment by
writing A to E in the spaces below.
A Shape of the bottles
B Amount of water in the bottles
C The temperature of the water in the
bottles
D Size of the bottles
E Wrapping the bottles in a towel or not

Independent variable: (20) _________

Dependent variable: (21) _________

Controlled variables: (22) _________, _________, _________

C Types of scientific investigations (Book 1A, p. 21)

 There are many types of scientific investigations. Examples include (23) _______________
testing (公平測試), (24) _______________ seeking (尋找規律) and (25) _______________ (分類).

 Identify the type of scientific investigation each of the following cases belongs to.
Type of investigation

 To study if people with longer legs can run faster (26) __________________
 To find out what an unfamiliar living thing is (27) __________________
 To study how the shape of an object affects how fast it moves (28) __________________

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1.3 Science laboratory (Book 1A, p. 24)

A Laboratory equipment and apparatus (Book 1A, p. 24)

 Equipment in the school laboratory:

water tap and sink (1) ____________________ (2) ______________________

(3) ______________________ (4) ______________________ (5) ______________________

(6) ______________________ (7) ______________________ (8) ____________________

-8-
 Laboratory apparatus:

c d
a
b

e g
f

i
k
h
j

Apparatus Function

a (9) _______________________ To clean test tubes

b (10) _______________________ To hold a (20) _______________ when heating

c (11) _______________________ To hold test tubes

d (12) _______________________ To heat substances

e (13) _______________________ To transfer small amounts of solids

f (14) _______________________ To hold liquids for (21) _______________

g (15) _______________________ To fix the position of apparatus

h (16) _______________________ To pick up small or hot solids

i (17) _______________________ To support the apparatus when heating

j (18) _______________________ To support the wire gauze

k (19) _______________________ To protect the bench from (22) _______________

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 m n

l o

q
p r

s t

Apparatus Function
l (23) _______________________ To transfer a few drops of liquids

m (24) _______________________ To hold liquids or small solids

n (25) _______________________ To measure the (33) _______________ of liquids

o (26) _______________________ To hold liquids or solids

p (27) _______________________ To hold a greater amount of liquids or solids

q (28) _______________________ To store liquids

r (29) _______________________ To store liquids that are used in drops

s (30) _______________________ To hold liquids or solids

t (31) _______________________ To stir liquids

u (32) _______________________ To hold liquids or solids

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 Skill highlights (Book 1A, p. 29)
Drawing experimental set-ups

 What should or shouldn’t we do when drawing experimental set-ups? Put a ‘’ in

appropriate boxes.

dropper

water

test tube

Should Shouldn’t
(33)   Draw with a coloured pen.
(34)   Draw sectional diagrams.
(35)   Draw the apparatus in proportion.
(36)   Colour the liquid in the set-up to show what the liquid is.
(37)   Shade the diagram.
(38)   Label the apparatus.

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B Laboratory safety (Book 1A, p. 31)
 Below are some laboratory safety rules (實驗室安全守則). Put a ‘’ in appropriate boxes.
Do Don’t
(39)   report all accidents to the teacher at once.
(40)   do experiments without teacher’s permission.
(41)   point the mouth of a test tube towards anyone when heating.
(42)   tie back long hair and fasten school ties when doing experiments.
(43)   leave a lighted Bunsen burner unattended.
(44)   keep all exits and passages clear.
(45)   wear safety goggles when heating or mixing substances.
(46)   keep the laboratory clean and tidy.

 Some common hazard warning symbols (危險警告標記):

(47) ______________ (48) ______________ (49) ______________ (50) ______________

(51) ______________ (52) ______________ (53) ______________

 The three components in the (54) ______________ (火三角)

are (55) ______________, (56) ______________ and
(57) ______________. We can put out a fire by removing any
one or more of the components in the fire triangle.

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1.4 Basic practical skills (Book 1A, p. 40)

A Measurement and recording (Book 1A, p. 40)

 Measuring instruments in the laboratory:
(1) _________________ (2) _______________ balance

a b

(5) _________________ rule (6) _______________ tape

(3) _______________
e
c d

(4) _______________ balance (7) _______________ rule

 Skills of making measurements:

meniscus
b
a
a c

b
d

We should look at position (8) _________ We should look at position (9) _________
when reading the volume of liquids in when reading the length of the pencil.
measuring cylinders.

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 Record the readings shown in the photos below.

The length of the green line is The volume of the yellow liquid is
(10) ___________. (11) ___________.

 Some instruments and common units for measurement:

Measurement Common unit Symbol

temperature degree Celsius (12) ______________

second s
time (13) ______________ min

hour (14) ______________

millimetre mm

centimetre (16) ______________

(15) ______________
metre (17) ______________

kilometre km

cubic centimetre (19) ______________

(20) ______________ m3
(18) ______________
millilitre (21) ______________

litre (22) ______________

(23) ______________ mg
mass gram g

kilogram (24) ______________

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B Transferring and mixing solutions (Book 1A, p. 53)

 Skills of transferring solutions:

(Write down a to d in the spaces below the diagrams to show the correct sequence.)

a Remove the dropper from the solution. Let the tip of the dropper touch the inner wall of the
bottle.
b Release the bulb. The solution will be sucked up.
c Squeeze the rubber bulb and put the tip of the dropper into the solution.
d Take the dropper to a test tube. Gently squeeze the bulb to add a few drops of the solution
into the test tube.

  

(25) _________ (26) _________ (27) _________ (28) _________

 Skills of mixing solutions:

(Identify which skill does each of the following diagrams refer to. Write down a or b in the
spaces below.)

a b

I Shake the test tube gently (29) ___________

II Gently tap the test tube with the index finger (30) ___________

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C Heating (Book 1A, p. 56)

 Structure of a Bunsen burner:

(33) _______________
(31) _______________

(34) _______________
(32) _______________

base

 Steps of using the Bunsen burner:

1 Make sure the rubber tubing of the Bunsen 2 Close the (36) _______________ before
burner is connected to the lighting the Bunsen burner.
(35) _______________.

3 Bring a lighted match over the chimney. 4 Slowly open the air hole until the flame
Turn on the (37) ______________. turns (38) _______________.

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5 Turn off the flame, close the air hole and
turn off the gas tap.

 Differences between the Bunsen flames when the air hole is closed and opened:

Air hole closed Air hole opened

Colour of the flame (39) _______________ (40) _______________

Shape of the flame (41) _______________ (42) _______________

Brightness of the flame (43) _______________ (44) _______________

Temperature of the flame (45) _______________ (46) _______________

 We usually use the (47) _______________ flame for heating.

 When heating liquids or solids in a boiling tube over a Bunsen flame, we should hold the
boiling tube at an (48) _______________ with a (49) _________________________. Move
the tube around in (50) _______________ over the flame.

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