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Q1 Explain proving rIng in detail

The document explains the Proving Ring, a device used to measure force through an elastic ring with a measuring device, and details its construction and operation for both tension and compression forces. It also describes the strain gauge load cell, the most common type of load cell, which converts force into an electrical signal using strain gauges and the Wheatstone Bridge circuit. Additionally, it outlines the working principle of load cells, emphasizing the role of elastic members and strain gauges in measuring applied loads.

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108 views5 pages

Q1 Explain proving rIng in detail

The document explains the Proving Ring, a device used to measure force through an elastic ring with a measuring device, and details its construction and operation for both tension and compression forces. It also describes the strain gauge load cell, the most common type of load cell, which converts force into an electrical signal using strain gauges and the Wheatstone Bridge circuit. Additionally, it outlines the working principle of load cells, emphasizing the role of elastic members and strain gauges in measuring applied loads.

Uploaded by

smitthakor1415
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Q1 Explain proving rIng in detail.

The Proving ring is a device used to measure force. It consists of an elastic


ring of known diameter with a measuring device located in the center of the
ring

Proving Ring come in a variety of sizes. They are mode of a steel alloy.
Manufacturing consists of rough machining from annealed forgings ,heat
treatment ,and precision grinding to find size and finish.

Proving rings can be designed to measure either compression pr tension


forces. Same are designed to measure both. The basic operation of the
proving ring in tension is the same as in compression. However, tension rings
are provided with
Threaded bosses and supplied with pulling roads which are screwed onto the
bosses.
The proving ring consists of two main elements, the ring itself and the
dimeter-measuring system , shown on the right in the exploded view of a
proving ring. Forces are applied to the ring through the external bosses. The
resulting change in diameter, referred to as the vibrating reed mounted with
a micrometer screw and the vibrating reed mounted diametrically within the
ring.
The micrometer screw and the vibrating reed are attached th the internal
bosses of the ring. In modern ring, the upper and lower internal and external
bosses are machined as an integral part of the ring to avoid mechanical
interferences during the application of the force.

Q 2. Explain strain gauge type load cell for Force


measurement in detail.

The most popular method for measuring force is strain gauge. We measure
the strain developed due to force using strain gauges; and by multiplying the
strain with the effective cross sectional area and young’s modulus of the
material, we can obtain force.
By Hook’s Law :
σ =Eε
σ is Stress
E is Young’s Modulus
ε is strain
σ = F/A
Load cell is a transducer which is used to convert force in to electrical signal.
Load cell is also called as load transducer.
We use strain gauge to convert the force into electrical signal.
Load cell are of four types:
1. Pneumatic load cell
2. Hydrauilc load cell
3. Strain gauge load cell
4. Capacitive load cell
Strain gauge load cell is the most common load cell.

Load cells are extensively used for measurement of force;


Wheastone Bridge is one of the most common application of load cell.
Here two strain gauge are fixed so as to measure the longitudinal strain,
while two other measuring the transverse strain, as shown in figure above.
The strain gauges, measuring the similar strain are placed in the apposite
arms while the adjacent arms in the bridge should measure opposite strains
If the strain gauge are identical characteristics, this will provide hot only the
perfect temperature coefficient, but also maximum obtainable sensitivity
from the bridge.
On applying the strain the resistance changes and this resistance is measured
using the Wheatstone changes and this resistance is measured usig the
wheatstone bridge.
Q3.Explain the working principle of load cell with a sketch.

A load cell is made by using an elastic member to which a number of strain gauges are
attached.

In this particular load cell shown in above figure, there are a total of four
strain gauges that are bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the load
cell.
When the load is applied to the body of a resistive load cell as shown above ,
the elastic member deflects as shown and creates strain at those locations
due to the stress applied. As a result, two of the strain gauge are in
compression, Whereas the other two are in tension as shown in below
animation.
During a measurement, weight acts o the load cell/s metal spring element
and causes elastic deformation.
This strain is converted into electrical signal by a strain gauge installed on the
spring element. The simplest type of load cell is a bending beam with a strain
gauge.
We use wheatstone bridge circuit to convert this change in strain onto
voltage which is proportional to the load.

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