1º BACH

GRAMMAR

 VERB TENSES

PRESENT TENSES
PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT
CONTINUOUS
I/you/we/they eat you/we/they are eating I/you/we/they have + participio I/you/we/they have been + V-ing
He/She/It eats I/ He/She/It is eating He/She/It has + participio He/She/It has been + V-ing

Don’t eat/doesn’t eat you/we/they aren’t eating I/you/we/they haven’t + I/you/we/they haven’t been + V-
He/She/It isn’t eating participio ing
Do you eat? Yes, I do/ No, I don’t I am not eating
Does she eat? Yes, she does/No, He/She/It hasn’t + participio He/She/It hasn’t been + V-
she doesn’t Are you/we/they eating? ing
………… Yes, you are, No, you aren’t
have I/you/we/they + participio?
Always/normally/often/sometimes/ Is He/She/It eating? Have I/you/we/they been +
has he/she/It + participio?
rarely/ hardly ever/ never Am I eating? V-ing?
Once a week/ twice a month/ three Yes, she is/ No, she isn’t ……….. Has he/she/it been + V-ing?
times a year FOR
………….. FOR AGES ……………
On Mondays Now For
SINCE
Every weekend Right now Since
EVER/NEVER
In the morning At this moment All night/ day/ week
ALREADY
How often….? Today How long?
YET
This year, evening
STILL
Tonight
SO FAR
Tomorrow
JUST
At present
(for) HOW LONG…?
These days
PAST TENSES
PAST SIMPLE PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT
Studied/ ate Was/were studying/eating Subject + had + participio
Didn’t study/ didn’t eat Wasn’t/weren’t studying/eating Subject + had not + participio
Did you study/eat? Yes, I did/No, I didn’t Was she studying/eating? Yes, she was/No, Subject + hadn’t + participio
………. she wasn’t Had +subject + participio?
Yesterday Were you studying/eating? Yes, you were Yes, I had/No, I hadn’t
Last week/year was/No, you weren’t ………………………..
Long time ago ………………….. By the time
Three days ago Last night/week… By…
When I was three While After
In 1980 When Before
In the 18th century As Already
then Until
Never
Just
FUTURE TENSES
BE GOING TO FUTURE SIMPLE FUTURE CONTINUOUS FUTURE PERFECT
Am/is/are going to +V Will + base verb Will be + Verb –ing Will have + participio
Am not/isn’t/aren’t going to +V Will not + base verb Will not be + Verb –ing Will not have + participio
Am I/ are you/ is he going to Won’t + base verb Won’t be + Verb –ing Won’t have + participio
+V? Will+ subject+ base verb? Will+ subject+ be Verb –ing? Will+ subject+ have + participio?
………………….
Yes , I will /No, I won’t Yes , I will /No, I won’t
Later
This evening …………………. ……………………… Yes , I will /No, I won’t
In an hour This evening At this time tomorrow ………………………..
At 4:00 in an hour On Thursday By this time tomorrow
Next month at 2 o’clock In the next decade By 3 o’clock
soon next month In the next few years By the end of the decade
I think By then
In the future By August
On 1st May In five months
Otros aspectos del futuro:
Presente continuo con valor de futuro: planes específicos fijados de antemano, futuro inmediato
Presente simple con valor de futuro: horarios
Oraciones temporales con referencia futura: as son as, when, the momento (that)…. Presente en la subordinada y futuro en la subordinada
 When he gets home, he’ll feel better
MODAL TENSES
MODAL SIMPLE MODAL CONTINUOUS MODAL PERFECT
Subject + modal + base verb Subject + modal + BE + V-íng Subject + modal + have + participio
I should go I should be going I should have gone
Subject + modal not+ base verb Subject + modal not+ BE + V-íng Subject + modal not+ have + participio
I shouldn’t go I shouldn’t be going I shouldn’t have gone
modal + subject + base verb? modal + subject + BE + V-ing? modal + subject + have + participio?
Should I go? Yes, you should/No, you Should I be going? Yes, you should/No, you Should I have gone? Yes, you should/No,
shouldn’t shouldn’t you shouldn’t

Recordad que algunas formas se estudian con los modales pero no se comportan como ellos porque en realidad no lo son:
Had better + Verb/ had better not+ Verb
Have to + Verb (se comporta como un verbo normal y se puede poner cualquier tiempo verbal).

 CONNECTORS

ADDITION CONTRAST CAUSE RESULT TIME AND SEQUENCE

And But Because So When
Also, … However, … Since So+ adj….. that While
…. too. Nevertheless, …. As Such a/an As soon as
….. as well. On the contrary, ….. As a result of….., +nombre…. that Until
As a result, Before
As well as… In spite of Due to
Therefore After
Besides Despite Because of Consequently At first
In addition to… Although Owing to That’s why… In the beginning
In addition,…. Even though At the beginning (of
Moreover, ….. While 2003)
Furthermore, …. On the one hand… on In the end (eventually)
the other hand…. At the end (of 2003)
Then / later / next
After a while
In the meantime
Eventually
Finally

 RELATIVES:
- Who/which/ when/that /where/whose
- Defining/non defyining
- Relatives with verb + preposition
- Subject and object relatives (when to omit the relative pronoun)
 CONDITIONALS
- Zero conditional
- First conditional
- Second conditional
- Third conditional
- Conjunciones condicionales: If, unlesss
 VOCABULARY

Adjectives+prepositon Verbs +preposition Verbs collocations Phrasal verbs

Addicted to Seem to + base V Save: Catch on
Afraid of Be really into+ N/V-ing Save money Drop out
Hope to + base V save energy
Aware of Deal with Get on with
save face
Bad/worse/the worst at Belong to save the day Go over
Good/better/ the best at Want to save (someone) the trouble Make up for
Want somebody to do something
Capable of save (one’s) breath Put off
Used to + base verb save (someone’) life
Delighted to Get used to + V-ing Turn out to
Disappointed with Be used to + V-ing
Keep: take over
Keep someone company
Encouraged to Allow somebody to do
Keep a diary
look after
Experienced in Let somebody do get on with
Keep track of
Make somebody do something
Hooked on Stop/finish/quit/give up + V-ing
Keep a promise turn back
Interested in Keep a secret turn against
Start + V-ing
Impressed with Keep an eye on turn up
Stop to + V
Keep someone posted
Jealous of Approve of turn into
keep in touch
Believe in
Keen on Make: turn down
Rely on
Mad about Depend on Make an effort cut across
Proud of Blame someone for make a promise cut off
Skilful at Complain about make a difference cut down on
Concentrate on make a mistake
Strict on make a decision
get over
Laugh at
Suitable for Participate in make a choice get along well
Tired of Take part in make friends
Prevent from make space for
Provide with make up one’s mind
Search for Get:
Stare at Get to the point
Succeed in Get the message across
worry about Get to know
Light:
Light things up

-ing/ -ed adjectives -ful /- less adjectives -al, -able, -ous, -ic, - Negative prefixes: un-, dis-, Other prefixes: mega-,
ive adjectives in-, im-, ir-, il- over-, under-, re-, mis-,
co-
Amusing/ amused Painful/ painless Controversial Impossible Overcrowded
Thrilling/ thrilled Harmful/harmless Supportive Immature Underpaid
Embarrassing/ embarrassed Useful/ useless Remarkable Impolite Megacity
Terrifying/ terrified Thoughtful/thoughtless Reasonable incorrect
Recalculate
Boring/ bored Careful/ careless Manageable Illegal
Misunderstand
Interesting/ interested Helpful/ helpless Achievable illogival
Surprising/ surprised Sleepless acceptable Illegible Co-work
pointless Realistic Irresponsible
Encouraging/encouraged Playful Dangerous Irrelevant
Annoying/ annoyed Homeless Humorous irregular
Confusing/ confused Hateful luxurious Overcrowded
Relaxing/ relaxed Successful Imaginative Overdone
Fascinating/ fascinated Colourful innovative Underpaid
Inspiring/ inspired peaceful Competitive Underfed
Worrying/ worried effective Unhealthy
Frightening/ frightened Aggressive Dissatisfied/unsatisfied
Developing/ developed Energetic
Disappointing/ Personal
disappointed Various
Challenging/challenged Impressive
Amazing/amazed Famous
Exhausting/exhausted creative
  Nouns suffixes: -ion, -ity, - ness, -ment
 Adverbs (unit 1): manner, comment, intensifiers

Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Unit 4 Unit 5

Post photos… User-friendly Size Landmark Teenagers
Share photos… Convenient Length Quality of life Teens
Text messaging Cutting-edge Attend Picturesque Argue
Chat Controversial Assist Littering End a relationship
Social media websites Stunning Curriculum Round-the-clock To date
Face-to-face Tough Subjects Destroy Break up with
Get the message across Go missing School day To build Ignore someone
Keep in touch Attempt Compulsory Building Engaged
Comment Device Attendance control Skyscraper Married
Inform Downside Pressure on Population density Get married
Express your feelings Task Under pressure Inhabitants Divorced
Interrupt Feature To put pressure on residents Get divorced
Upload The latest trend Assignments Crowds Single parent
Download Hi-tech Tasks Overcrowded Bother
Talk something over Privacy issues Stressed Alley Be single
Get to the point Machine Achieve Slum Lonely
Fear of missing out Remote control Achievement Suburb Relatives
(FOMO) Tool Goals City centre Treat someone with
Spend time doing … Trend To set goals Pavement respect
Attract attention Avoid Strict Sidewalks Mistreat
Improve Enable Secure Facilities Close friend
improvement Increase Attention Types of housing: Old friend
To be worth something Invent Support detached house, semi- A new acquaintance
(a picture is worth a 1000 Operate Sense of belonging detached house, terraced Live nearby
words) Perform To feel left out house, cottage, duplex, Next-door neighbour
Complain Performance Disrupt flat. Boyfriend
Spread Search Revise Block of flats Girlfriend
Worldwide Upgrade Go over Neighbour Fiancé
Widespread Neighbourhood Discipline Neighbourhood Husband
To fill a need Nearby Slef-discipline Crime rate Wife
Misunderstand Safe and sound Behave Entertainment Have got a lot in
Care Rough Misbehave Free of charge common with
Add Search and rescue Behavior Isolation To share a background
Go backwards Costly Misbehavior isolate Fall in love
Instead of Increase Aid Lack of Get over (a relationship)
Challenge Poach Income Trek Take something/
Disappointment Endanger A dream come true megacity someone for granted
Happiness Endangered Career Set foot in Move on
Loneliness In danger Degree Urban planners/planning Grew apart
Popularity To catch somebody in the Earn a PhD Drug gangs Get along well
Latest news act Follow one’s dreams To rule Compete with
Comment To join a trend Fulfill one’s dreams Steep Envy
Manage Hydrogen-powered cars accomplish Commute Ignore
View Global warming Appear Commuters outdoor Friendship
Notice Likely Disappear Escalator Discuss
In this day and age Disaster Struggle Cable car Accept
Own Destroy Accept Narrow road Couch
Cybersecurity Flood Brain Roof Dull
Detect hack attacks Deliver supplies Memorise Maypr Gravy yard
For free Traffic jams Development Major Pull down one’s hair
Earthquake Low-cost Vocational studies Giant Tear
Seek Researchers (formación profesional) Huge Hurry
Safety upset Huge effort Social inequality Whisper
News networks fail al term Salary Citizen Embrace
Breaking news fingerprints Provide somebody with Realize Hug
Journalist facial gestures something Ban Grow up
Journalism voice patterns Argue High-rise block of flats Stand still
Disaster invasion of privacy Prevent somebody from Limited space possess
Track missing people encourage/discourage doing something High land/housing costs
Immediate updates Bring prices up/down
Pull out your phone to No matter what Countryside
Used with caution Defy tradition Pay a fine
Realize Refugee camp Let in
Laugh Sick Misuse
Clap Sight Unemployment
Remind someone of wealthy
something view
To face renewable
To threaten noisy and polluted
A threat nightlife
Receive an award get around in the city
beg after-school activities
to take the bus/public
transport

WRITING

 Informal e-mail
 For and against essay
 Report of an event
 Opinion essay
 Narratives

PREGUNTAS TIPO PARA LA GRAMÁTICA

 Fill in the gaps with a correct form of the verb in brackets

 Fill in the gap with the correct option.
 Give a question for the underlined words
 Join the sentences using a relative. Make change if necessary
 Rewrite the following sentence without changing its meaning. Begin as indicated.
 Complete the following conditional sentence.
 There are two mistakes in this sentence- Find them and rewrite the sentence correctly.
 Use the words in the boxes to make a meaningful sentence. Use all the words in the boxes without changing
their form.
 Join the following sentences using an appropriate linker (do not use AND, BECAUSE or BUT).