PHYSICS:. STUDY ALL CAREFULLY!

01/07/2021

Explain the physics behind the following

1) Why do mountainous people suffers from nose and ear bleeding during the early morning?

Their blood pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure, due to atmospheric pressure
decrease with height.So their veins cannot withstand the imbalance hence they burst leading to
bleeding in nose or ears.

2) Why are ships having a streamlined body shape?

To displaced their own weight which will be equal to the upthrust, so that it will floats.

3) Why do astronomers wear heavy jackets?

To increase their weight in order to withstand in space.

4) why the handle of doors is far from the hinge?

To maximize movement, the longer the distance the greater the moment.

5) Why do tyres have thread?

To provide better grips of roads due to increased friction thus, preventing vehicles from skidding.

6) Why a military man using a machine gun should be alert and strong?

To resist the recoil velocity so, as to balance the momentum of the bullet and the recoil of the bullet.

7) Why a boat moves backward when a passenger jumps out of it?

The force the passenger used to move out of the boat is the same force that makes the boat to move
backward due to Newton third law, every action there's an equal action and opposite reaction.

8) Saifulie and JP pass a football between them repeatedly, give two reasons why the to
and fro motion is not simple harmonic motion?

There is no equilibrium position.

/ the acceleration of the ball is not directly proportional to it's displacement.

/ the acceleration of the ball is not directed towards a fixed point.

9) Why water wet glass?

The adhesion force is greater and stronger than the cohesion force between the water and the glass
leading to the glass being wet.
10) Explain why racing cars are low, with wheels wide apart?

They are low to have a lower centre of gravity and the wheels are wide apart to cover a large surface
area in order to be stable.

11) In explosion, why do the objects break apart?

Energy is transform from one kind to another.

12) Why olympic swimmers do not swim inside sea water?

Due to pressure, Sea water has a high density. The pressure increase with increase in density, that's why
they swim in fresh water.

13) Why is it preferable to push a thumb pin with it head but not with the pin?

With the head, a large surface area is obtained resulting to a low pressure.

14) Why is the speed and not velocity of an object moving in a circular path constant?

Speed is constant because it's a scalar quantity.

15) Standing on your toe and lying on your tommy which one do you prefer and why?

Lying on ma tommy, because it will covered more area leading to smaller pressure.

16) Why do always the weight of a body is downward?

Gravity acts vertically downwards.

17) Why do footballers put on stocks under their boots?

The studs will able to increase the frictional force to enable the footballer to run at high attainable
space.

18) An electric train travelling at a constant speed along a straight level track. Is the forces acting on it
zero or not and why?

Zero, because it is moving at a constant speed so, it is not accelerating therefore all the forces acting on
it is zero.

19) Why is the internal forces of a system do not change the momentum of the system?

Since momentum is always conserved, the two bodies most move in opposite directions to cancel out
the momentum of each other and hence maintain a momentum of zero.

20) Why liquid expand better than solids?

The molecular attraction between the molecules of liquid is weaker than in solid.
21) If a tank was filled with a liquid of greater density than water, would the pressure on the bottom be
the same, why?

No, because the denser the liquid the higher the pressure.

22) Why is buckle up a law in most countries?

In accordance to Newton first law( law of inertia), the passenger at front sit will remain to be at rest until
the driver make a brake. When the driver is moving at a high speed, the seat belt prevent the passenger
at the front sit from going outside of the car when the driver make a brake., Simply the seat belt will
resist any changes in motion as the driver applied the brake.

23) Why do boxers wear boxing gloves?

Why is the front and back of cars design to crumble?

Why is the bicycle safety helmets padded inside?

Since force is inversely proportional to time, the gloves/( helmets) delay the time of impact thereby
reducing the force.

24) Why is the weight of an object on the moon is one sixth of its weight on the earth?

The force of gravity of the moon is one-sixth that of the earth.

25) Why is the pressure of water in the ground floor taps of a building greater than the pressure in those
on the higher floors?

Due to pressure increase downwards with increase in height

26) Why are soap bubbles spherical in shape?

Due to surface tension

27) Why is it that it is easier to continue pushing a car than to get it to start moving?

Statis friction is greater than kinetic friction.

28) Why is that the efficiency of a machine is never 100%?

The part of the work done is done against friction.

29) Why do passengers move backward when a car start moving?

In accordance to Newton third law, the action force applied to start the movement of the car is equal to
the reaction force of the passenger, but in opposite direction.

30) Why some droplets of water will be seen on the surface of an close ice bottle?
Due to the air molecules around the bottle condensing on the surface of the bottle.

31) A ball is dropped from a height at the same height as another ball is projected horizontally from
the same time. Explain why would the balls hit the ground at the same time?

Because all free falling bodies fall at the same rate since they are pulled towards the earth by gravity
and accelerated at a constant rate.

32) Two ice cubes were pressed together by Scientist Saifulie for some time and were found to stick
together when the pressure was removed. Explain this observation?

Ice melts when sufficient pressure is applied because increased in pressure lowers the melting point of
ice. When they are pressed the melting point is lowered hence they melt to form a thin layer of water
between them. On releasing the pressure, the water formed between them freezed. Because
decrease in pressure raise the freezing point. Therefore, the two ice cubes stick together.

33) Why are the walls, floors and ceilings of a (recording) studio heavily padded?

Padding absorbs sound waves produced and reduce reflection of the sound waves at the walls, floors,
and ceilings thereby to minimize the effect of echoing.

34) since light waves travel faster in air than sound waves, that's why::

 an aeroplane is seen before the sound of the engines are heard?

 When there's a thunderstorm light is seen before sound is heard?
 When a gun is fired a spark is seen before the report is heard?

35) Why are battalion of soldiers not allowed to match through a bridge?

Soldiers match in a uniform manner with a certain frequency, when this frequency is equal to the
natural frequency of the bridge, resonance will occur. Meaning their feet will be in resonance with the
bridge causing a harmonic vibration which will lead to the collapse of the bridge.

36) Why are musicians not allowed to sing near a tumbler?

Musicians sing in certain frequencies, so if one of the frequencies is equal to the natural frequency of
the tumbler, resonance is said to occur thereby breaking the tumbler.

37) Why is not possible to snap a person from a pin hole camera?
The hole is small to allow more light to get in. So for a photo to be form on the screen, it takes a long
time for more rays to pass into the hole to get a blurred image.
38) Why it is possible to boil water in a paper bag?
Because the burning point of paper bag is higher than the boiling point of water.
39) Explain how Gases can conduct electricity?
Gases can conduct electricity but they are considered insulators for the most part. Gas on its own
can't conduct electricity but it can be made to conduct electricity by subjecting it to low pressure and
high voltage.
40) Explain why a fog appears at the mouth of a chilled Malta or soft drinks bottles when open?
When the pressure is released by opening the soda container, the liquid cannot hold as much CO2, so
the excess CO2 bubble out of the solution as fog. If the soda is left open, additional CO2 will slowly
escape into the air.

41) How do you produce notes of different pitch with a bicycle wheel?

By varying the amount of force exerted on the pedals.

 42) Why is it cooler at the Top of a mountain than it is at sea level?

 If heat rises, why is it so cold at the top of a mountain?

Heat does indeed rise. More specifically a mass of air that is warmer than the air around it expand,
become less dense and will float on top of the cooler air. This is true at any altitude. Since air get
cooler as it's pressure drops which it does as it rises, there's less air pressing down on it. As air ride the
pressure decrease. It is this lower pressure at higher altitude that causes the temperature to be cooler
on top of mountains. So when warm air rises, it cools off!

43) Why a drinking bottle/ soft drink can placed on the dashboard of a moving car, can suddenly seem
to accelerate backward without any force acting on the bottle or the soft drink can?

It is not accelerating, it is standing still. Because of a the concept of reference frame, the car is
accelerating underneath it.

NB: For a rocket to be send to space it must have an escape velocity of 11.2km/s, in order to escape
the earth gravitational pull.

Also aeroplane will disappeared into space, if it is above 11.10km/s of escape velocity.

44) You can hear a friend's normal voice reasonably well whether he is facing you even if he turned
away. Why is it that you can hear his whisper only if he is facing you even if the whisper is as loud as
his normal voice?

When whispering, the frequency is high whereas the wavelength is small. So the sound tends to
diffract less, which makes the person facing back of the whispering not to hear it. But in normal
conversation the frequency is low whereas as the wavelength is high. So the sound waves tends to
diffract more.

45) Why are microphones shaped like funnel?

Since the mass of air is inversely proportional to the intensity of sound whereby loudness depends on
the intensity. So at the smaller end of the cone, the sound energy comes in contact with a small mass
of air producing greater amount of intensity as it comes out from the larger open end. The energy set
the larger air mass into vibration hence the final sound is louder.
46) Why a vibrating tuning fork sounds louder when it's stem is pressed against a table top than when
held in air?

The vibrating turning fork forces the table top to vibrate, the table top has a much larger area and is
therefore, in contact with a larger volume of air undergoing vibration. Hence sound heard is amplified.

47) Explain how echoes are used by;

a ship to find the depth of sea?

Sonar sound device is attached to the ship which emits sound wave and the receiver collects the
reflected sound waves from the sea floor. The time is also recorded and the depth is deduced by
calculation.

blind people with special equipment?

Spectacles used by the blind people are fitted with transmitters and receivers, the device emits
the waves and the receiver pick up the echoes. The intensity of the echoes in their ears shows the
position of the obstacles in their path.

48) Why is sound in an empty room different from sound in a fully furnished room?

In an empty room, sound waves echo. While in a fully furnished room the sound waves are
absorbed by the furniture materials in the room thereby reducing echoing.

NB; In the absence of air resistance all objects fall freely under the influence of gravity.

NB; it is the same gravitational field acting on us in the earth, acting on an occupant at the space station.

NB; A ball will moves slower in a liquid A than in a liquid B, if liquid A is more viscous than liquid B.

49) Explain why roads are banked at the bends?

At unbanked roads the friction is negligible. Banking provide an additional force due to the normal
reaction on the wheels to prevent the vehicle from skidding.

50) Why are seat belts made to stretch?

This is made in order to delay the time of impact thereby reducing the force on it, if the driver make a
brake.

51) since the broader the base the lower the center of gravity. So they become stable.
Or .hence stability is attained

NB this answer above answers the following questions, but construct your answer perfectly.

 Why are racing(Formula one) cars have a broader base?

  Why do Giraffes open their legs when drinking?
 Why are electrical poles broad at the bottom?
 Why do wrestlers open their legs when fighting?

52) What is the magnitude of the force acting on :

 a drop of rain/ball falling with a constant speed?

 a car of mass 80kg moving with a constant speed of 2kg on a rough road road?
 a cork of mass 40kg floating on water?

It is zero because the speed or velocity is constant.

53) What happened to the value of gravity due to acceleration:

 above the surface of the earth. It decreases.

 at the center of the earth. It is zero
 at the surface of the earth. It is maximum
 below the surface of the earth. It decreases.

54) In many games a ball is thrown, it doesn't travel in a straight line but in a parabolic shape, why?

Because of gravity, that's why the ball move in a parabola shape.

55) Why cats hear certain noises that human cannot hear?

Those sounds are infrasonic and cats are infrasonic animals.

56) JP is inside a classroom and he can hear Saifulie along the corridor but can't see him, why?

Sound waves are diffracted and propagated along the corridor but light travel in a straight line.
Or. Because light travel in a straight line and cannot bend but sound will diffract along the corridor
to the classroom.

57) Fatou hears the sound made by the siren of a moving ambulance from the Jammeh Foundation
Hospital while she is standing at Nusrat gate. She discovered the sound fade away as it move away
from her, why?

Since Intensity of sound is inversely proportional area, so when the ambulance move away from her,
the distance increase making the area to increase. Hence the intensity decrease, so the loudest of the
siren gradually decreases.

58) Why JP can play kora on the earth but not on the moon?

Because there is no air on the moon he cannot play the kora since you sound wave required a material
medium for it's transmission.
59) How would you control malaria by surface tension?

By adding detergent or by contaminating the water with urine.

60) A boy kicked a football vertically upward, the ball returned to the ground why?

Gravity and air resistance gradually reduce the time of the speed as the ball moves vertically upward
it reaches it maximum height where it's speed become zero and can no longer continue to move
upward but rather fall back.

61) Why should the space above the thermometeric material evacuated during manufacturing?

To prevent a high pressure of trape air when the liquid (thermometeric substance) expands.

62) Why in certain season in a year, in the morning, drivers put on their headlamp?

Because of mist which reduces visibility.

63) When a soup is brought out and allow to cool a dent is observe on the container, why?

The condensation of the steam in it will lead to a decrease in pressure in the container making the
saturated vapour pressure less than the atmospheric pressure, that's why a dent is formed.

64) Why are metal sheets, grasses and leaves use for roofing?

To provide thermal insulation.

65) If you have to construct a stack of books leaning to the side as much as possible. What is the best
way to stack them?

One book is put horizontally on top of the other on the same side, corner to corner.

66)Why is the base of cooking pan made thick and heavy?

So that the temperature within the pan is less than the flame and hence the food can cook without
burning.

67) Why are hot water bottles very efficient for formentation?

Since water has the highest SHC. It's temperature doesn't rise beyond 100°C under normal conditions.
Thus it can store large amount of heat energy at quite a bearable temperature and hence it is ideal for
formentation purposes.

68) The temperature of a substance rises by 25°C. How much is the rise on kelvin scale and why?

The rise on kelvin scale is 25K. It is because rise in temperature in degree certificate is equal to the
rise in temperature in the kelvin scale.

69) Why do liquid level fall intially when a pot is heat?

Because intially when the pot is heated the pot received the heat first and it expands, therefore the
the liquid occupy the space (at which the pot size increased) leading to drop in liquid level.

70) Why is the sky black at night and blue in the day?

At night, when the part of Earth is facing away from the sun, space looks black because there's no
nearby bright source of light like the sun, to scattered. In day, the sky is blue because the
atmosphere scattered short blue wavelength of light more than the longer red wavelengths.

71) Why are women's voice higher or sharper than men?

Women have shorter vocal cords which vibrate quickly and produce a higher pitch,. While in men, the
longer vocal cords vibrate with low frequencies giving them deeper voice. Thus, women have high
pitched or shriller voice as compared to men.

72) Explain why telephone cable sag during the hot season?

The cable expansion during the hot season which will increase the slack between the transmission line
structures causing them slag.

73) Explain why skin and lips peaches in winter?

When the air is cool, the atmosphere will demand that moisture from your skin and lips to evaporated
causing them to look flaky.

74) Black clothes are popular in the cold countries and white clothes are popular in hot countries,
why?

Because hot clothes absorb heat energy from the sunshine, that's why the are worn in cold countries.
White clothes reflection light when worn in hot countries.

75) Explain why containers with high tight fitting lids are not suitable for use in microwave cooking?

Because with increase in temperature, the steam molecules in the container are confined in it.
Thereby increasing the steam collision rate with the walls of the container. So there is an increase in
pressure inside the container. If the container is tightly fitted,this pressure can make the container
burst thus, releasing it's heat content.

76)Why are the High Tension cables of the National Grid(NAWEC) thicker in diameter?

The cables are thick so that their resistance is low, to ensure that the minimum amount of power is
lost from the cables.

77) Why are voltmeters connected in parallel with the component?

Inorder for a voltmeter to measure a device's voltage.

78) Why it's hotter at the same distance on top of a flame than on the sides?
The hot air is less dense than the cooler air all over the area, so the heat naturally goes upward
making the area above the flame hotter than the sides. Since conduction of heat in air is upward.

79) why do bottom of cooking utensils should be made black and rough but not white and smooth?

Cooking utensils are painted black from the bottom to absorb more heat and get heated quickly. They
are highly polished from inside to reduce loss of heat and keep them warm for a long time.

80) Why do cloudy night is warmer than cloudiness night?

Because clouds reflect back the heat given off by earth. If the skies are clear, heat emitted from the
earth's surface freely escape into space resulting in colder temperature.

81) Why is the bicycle prawn shine?

Because it was electroplated with chromium.

82) Why does putting salt on the roads in winter make driving safer?

If the water is mixed with salt, the salt impedes the ability of the water molecules to form solid ice
crystals.

83) Why do we need a hollow on a guitar?

On an acoustic, the soundhole amplified the tone, whereas a hollow body electric absorbs that
acoustic resonance through the pickups. The pickups on the surface of the guitar capture the
resonance of the strings reverberating with the hollow inside the body.

84) Why sound travel faster in hot air than in cool air?

The speed of sound is greater in hot air than in cool air because the hot air molecules are moving
faster and the sound waves vibrations are transmitted faster. Meaning when sound travels from hot
air to cold air or from cool air to hot air it will refract.

85) Explain why melting point is used to identify chemical compounds?

Because it is difficult to heat solids to temperature above their melting points and because pure solids
tend to melt over a very small temperature range.

86) Why water in a clay pot feels colder?

The clay pot had tiny pores on its surface and water get evaporated very quickly through these pores
space. Due to this evaporation process, the heat of the water inside the pot is lost, which lowers the
temperature of the water.

87) Why is the maximum arm of the six's maximum and minimum thermometers not completely filled
with alcohol whereas the minimum arm is filled?
To allow space for expansion.

88) Explain the physics behind a walking man?

When a man is walking, his back foot exerted a force obliquely on the ground.

89) Explain the statement " the acceleration of free fall due to gravity on the equator is 9.78m/s2"

This means that, at the equator, the force of gravity on a body causes it's velocity to increase at the
rate of 9.78 per second.

90) Explain an example of Doppler Effect?

When a vehicle such as a fire engine, ambulance or any vehicle blowing a horn(siren) continuously
goes past, an observer notices an apparent change in pitch of the horn as the vehicle passes. The pitch
is high when the vehicle is approaching and low when it is receding.

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