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Hand Book

This document serves as a guide for selecting optimal Whatman™ filters for laboratory filtration, detailing various filter grades based on particle retention and specific applications. It includes a flowchart to assist in choosing the appropriate filter for different types of samples, including qualitative and quantitative grades, as well as filtration devices for small volume sample preparation. The guide highlights key considerations such as precipitate type, required strength, and specific applications like HPLC and sterile filtration.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
13 views2 pages

Hand Book

This document serves as a guide for selecting optimal Whatman™ filters for laboratory filtration, detailing various filter grades based on particle retention and specific applications. It includes a flowchart to assist in choosing the appropriate filter for different types of samples, including qualitative and quantitative grades, as well as filtration devices for small volume sample preparation. The guide highlights key considerations such as precipitate type, required strength, and specific applications like HPLC and sterile filtration.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Guide to laboratory filtration:

Cellulose and glass fiber filters for general laboratory filtration


Select the optimal Whatman™ filter for your application

Symbols used in the selection guide:


Δ Also available in prepleated version:
Recommended for filtration of hard to filter
samples or to increase flow rate.
Θ Creped surface: increased filtration speed
compared to smooth surface. Ashless Grades Is the suspension Hardened Ashless Grades
No strongly acid or Yes
µm All values in µm refer to particle retention (quantitative) alkaline?
(quantitative)
rating at 98% efficiency. • Medium precipitate: • Medium precipitate:
Grade 40 (8 µm), Grade 43 (16 µm) Grade 540 (8 µm)
• Coarse or gelatinous precipitate: • Coarse or gelatinous precipitate:
Grade 41 (20 µm) Grade 541 (22 µm)
• Fine precipitate: • Fine precipitate:
Grade 42 (2.5 µm), Grade 44 (3 µm) Yes Grade 542 (2.7 µm)

Binder Free Glass Microfiber Filters


Qualitative Grades • For Standard Methods 2540D:
• Medium precipitate: use Grade 934-AH™ or Grade 934-AH RTU
Grade 1 (11 µm), Grade 2 Δ (8 µm), • For EN 872:
Grade 3 (6 µm) Start here use Grade GF/C™
• Fine precipitate:
No
Grade 5 Δ (2.5 µm), Grade 6 (3 µm)
Are you Yes
• Coarse or gelatinous precipitate: determining
Grade 4 (20 -25 µm) Is the filter to be suspended solids
ashed during gravimetric in water?
No
analysis and/or do you
require an ashless filter?
Is high No
wet strength
required?

Yes Are you filtering Are you looking


No
under gravity or for a membrane
No vacuum? pre-filter?

Wet Strengthened Grades Gravity Yes


• For routine samples:
Grade 91 Θ (10 µm) and Grade 93 (10µm )
Binder Free Glass Microfiber Filters
• For coarse or gelatinous precipitate: Is the precipitate Vacuum
• For routine samples:
Grade 113 Θ Δ (30 µm) (higher loading), to be recovered Grade GF/B (1.0 µm), Grade GF/D (2.7 µm)
Grade 114 Δ (25 µm) from the filter?
• For high particulate samples:
Multigrade GMF 150 (1µm)
No Do you require high
loading capacity,
very fine retention
Yes (<2.7 µm) or a glass
microfiber filter?

Hardened Low Ash Grades


(quantitative)
Yes
• Fine precipitate:
Grade 50 (2.7 µm)
• Medium precipitate: Binder Free Glass Microfiber Grades:
Grade 52 (7 µm)
Choose most relevant grade based on characteristics
• Coarse or gelatinous precipitate:
Grade 54 (22 µm) GF/F GF/B GF/C 934-AH GF/A GF/D
0.7µm 1.0µm 1.2µm 1.5µm 1.6µm 2.7µm

www.gelifesciences.com/labfiltration

GE and GE monogram are trademarks of General Electric Company.


934-AH, Anotop, Whatman GD/X, GF/C, Mini-UniPrep, ReZist, SPARTAN, Whatman are trademarks of General Electric Company or one of its subsidiaries.
© 2014 General Electric Company – All right reserved. First published in June 2014.
GE Healthcare UK Limited, Amersham Place, Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire, HP7 9NA, UK www.gelifesciences.com
29-1132-15 AA 06/2014
Guide to laboratory filtration:
Filtration devices for small volume sample preparation
Select the optimal Whatman™ filter for your application

Step 1: Choose application


Puradisc FP
Step 2: Choose appropriate filter
3* 4 9*
11 14
ReZist™
*Notes: 1 4 7 14

Puradisc Aqua 30 3 and 9: CA

12 13

Start here

Applications

1. Air venting
Anotop™ Puradisc
2. Automated filtration of samples/
3 4 6 7 8 4
Tablet dissolution testing 3* 7 9*
9 10* 11 14 11 12* 13* 14
*Notes: 0.02 µm 3. Biological sample preparation *Notes:
3 & 9: CA, PES, PVDF
4. Capillary electrophoresis 12 & 13: PES

5. Difficult to filter samples


(high solid content samples)
6. Filtration of colloidal material
7. HPLC/UHPLC sample preparation
Anotop Plus Mini-UniPrep™ G2
8. Ion-chromatography
4 5 7 10* 2 7

*Notes: 0.02 µm 9. Filtration of protein containing samples


10. Filtration of nano particles

11. Sterile filtration (use sterile filter


and membrane with pore size 0.2 μm)

Roby 12. COD/TOC/DOC

2 13. Trace metal analysis (ICP/AAS/ICP-MS)

14. UV/VIS analysis Mini-UniPrep


2 7

COD = Chemical oxygen demand;


TOC =Total organic carbon;
DOC =Dissolved organic carbon
Note: For guidance only. Only a selection
of applications shown above

SPARTAN™
4 7 9 14

GD/XP
GD/X
4 5 7 8
4 5
12 13 14
7 11 14

www.gelifesciences.com/labfiltration

GE and GE monogram are trademarks of General Electric Company.


934-AH, Anotop, Whatman GD/X, GF/C, Mini-UniPrep, ReZist, SPARTAN, Whatman are trademarks of General Electric Company or one of its subsidiaries.
© 2014 General Electric Company – All right reserved. First published in June 2014.
GE Healthcare UK Limited, Amersham Place, Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire, HP7 9NA, UK www.gelifesciences.com
29-1132-15 AA 06/2014

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