Pande! + Radfus of cunvatune + distance b/w 'P'and'c’ + Focal length Cf) + afstance b/w ‘p' and 'F' (Focus) Nove iF’ fs centne of 'P'and 'c' -. REAP IMAGE FORMATION: RULES + At least. Mays have to meet to form an image + Ty nays actualy meet: Real images formed appeanto meet : Vintual mage ts fonmed @ Keys panaiiel to prinepal * Reflection: bounce back of fignt wnente wits any pis shea surface fice mixnon } Laws: @ A= 2% @© incident nay, nefiected nay & nonmal Ifes tn Same plane plans Point 0§ 1 SPHERICAL MIRRORS concave] converging conver] diverging pass thnougn "FY Reflegted ray Prinipal ais os Principal sat Principal axis, rincipalanis @ Rays passing thnough *F’ will be parallel te pulncipal ° a asis + Pole CP): midpoint on rinnconsunsace + Centhe of cunvatun Cc); centre of sphexe rom which minkok ts cut © keys (essing Hauge’ Ln HEFIECFIERER along the oeBetween Fe 2 Real: inverted andi and diminished Principal axis = ae ne Real: inverted: k same sized ¢ Between© | Beyond iO a inverted, and'F bigger than the e | object oP é Nature of image AUF | (Atinfinity, Real: inverted; afobect)_| ‘ofimagel Atinfinity | AUP ea invert 1 diminished) “NOTE: Real images ane invented 5 vintual ones axe exectIMAGE FORMATION BY CONVEX MIRROR MAGNIFICATION “tosect | ‘otimage! Diagram | Nature oFimage | | sets how lange on smaan mage ts wiht object “Aintinity | AUF ification = heigh of image heightof object he mirror ‘nealtmage 3 m=@ve: Vixtual Tage Between | Between’ Virtual; erect USES OF MIRRORS Inanity and | an dliminished CONCAVE MIRROR ‘CONVEX MIRROR : ‘behind the Torch, headlights, shaving mirror, | Real view mirrors (erect and small mirror dentist mirror (enlarged image) image and hence wide view) SPHERICAL LENSES SIGN CONVENTION istances measuned fHom'P’ be £ Convex) convenging Posgve 3 ; y susawaysere Ey” Wo te Negative ¢—Mirror—* Positive optfcalcentne all exis conver= § = Ove concave $2 Ove Positive Te postive Positive ‘Concave /dfvenging (ara) E+ cantue of cunwetune $F:Princtpal focus 5 Gi focal enginatarr [At Fa Real: inverted; <_< Batveon | Beynd HE | Tested ‘and 27 Ay na | Ray fe__|Menic Between FY ses w (position | v (position Diagram Wature ofimage ];| and°0 sfebeed | ‘timege ha Risinty | AE Tea eed > tay cated w (object) v (image) Segond HT | Bae ae mets ff aisents [ari pee Desi eaten) wetachtwamy | erm ah Between | Between FY “infinity'and | and 0° and Diminished ‘0 i. en + Sphanfcal lens neve 2 focus <= oS =(Bsie- Refractive tndexiCR2): tells about density of a medium VS ee =e IND Err og Sndmedium wnt £ naa= ne =o 5 REPS density} 5 speed of ight 7 + Apsolute nefractive Tadex: one medium is wec= 3x108m/s 'n of GlaSS=S ; ‘n'of WateH ISS) au distances measuned gxom‘o! net + Powen of lens: Degree of convergence 8 divengence of aliens; SI unit: Ofoptae (o) = m4 2 P= 4/p hinlemecid tr! AROS i A ae @© incident nay, Hegnacted nay & nonmal ile tn seme @ 7s Ratio of Sth of Tncidence nay uilth normal & sto of ott as due to eee Yn medium which leads to megacted Hay with nonmal Memelns CoAstint foro a stven pals of mastawe change Thickness | ny : Tateradisplacement Plane mirror tncident nay Te panallel fo emengent nay + dezeBAS ©O©©