OBJECTIVE Type Questions

dikeusri
Multiple hoice Questions-
ont 5. Laterite soil lacks
What is the main reason for [mark each ] (o) fertility
ader cr Red soil? the red
colour of b)
(c)
tt is
t
porous.
undergoes leaching.
t does not
because:

(a)Abundance ofmagnesium () It ie
retain moisture.
deficient in iron.
)Accumulated humus
cousi
Tor n (cPresence of ferric oxides
()Abundance of Phosphates
Ans. (b) It
undergoes leaching
Explanation: Laterite soils
Foddt Ans.(c Presence of ferric oxides
Bxplanation: Presence of iron makes the colour
leaching of
is the
lateritic rocks, underis formed by
high temperature and
process by whichheavy
water
conditions of
rainfall. Leaching
of red soil red prelocate down the soil. This soluble nutrients
soil infertile as it is renders the top
ground 2. With reference to
soil erosion answermethods
the
of
prevention of
following:
and aluminium. left with only oxides of iron

colthroulgehcN
Name the method to prevent soil Cautlon
running water. erosion by Learn and memorise the
(a) Terracee farming
of each
syllabus to
properties/characteristics
type of soil found in India
as per the
scope of
answer such type of
b) Strip cropping questions.
Stut ()Shelterbelts
(d) Leaving the land fallow
6. How is black soil
formed?
(a) By the deposition of silt
brought dowm
ebyn [ICSE Sem- 1, 2021]
by river
(6) By the weathering of lateritic rocks
ous
Noti
Ans. (a) Terrace farming (c)By the weathering of basic lave rock
(d) By the weathering of
Related Theory metamorphic
ervs
trer Terrace farming is successfiully practiced in
Japan, Ans.
ICSE Sem-1, 2021]
() By the weathering of basic lava rock
south-east Asia and USA.
7. Sheet erosion occurs due to
3. Name the method used to prevent soil
erosion caused by wind. (a) heavy drops and hailstones during
(a) Contour ploughing heavy rainfall
(6) rivers flowing through steep sided
(b) Strip cropping
uest () Plugging of gullies slopes
(c) during heavy rains surface runoff
(d) Use of fertilizer [ICSE Sem-1, 2021] carries away a thin layer of the top soil
es
(d)winds which carry surface layer of top
Ans. (b) Strip cropping soil awayy. HOT
SWen
Explanation: Strip cropping helps to prevent Ans. (c) during heavy rains surface runoff carries
soil erosion by having the roots of crops hold away a thin layer of the top soil
enn washed
on the soil and prevent it from being Explanation: When there is a torrential
away by water or wind. downpour in the hilly regions, the steep slopes
stimulate the erosive power of the rain, causing
ACaution the top soil to loosen up, eventually resulting in
Learn correct use ofterminology the removal of the entric top soil. This is known
as sheet erosion.
in central
4. Name the soil that is found
Deccean plateau. ACaution
erosion.
Don't mix the causes and agent ofsoil
()Black soil
to
b) Alluvial soil foothills of Himalaya prone
8. Why are

c)Redsoil excessive soil and erosion?

(d) Laterite soil [IcSE Sem- 1, 2021] of
(a) due to absence crop
cover
of
to too much
of development
(b) due
Ans. (a) Black soil transportation
deforestation in past
due to large scale
Related isTheory formed by the weathering
)
due to tourists
spreading pollutants
in
Black soil residual soil fertile and rich in
the lime and (d) [ICSESem-1,2021]
oflava rocks It is very rivers
magnesium.
Soil Resources
 Ans ( dueco large scale deforestation in past (a) frults & vegetables.
b) tapioca and rubber.
ACaution
Leam to use key words appropriately
(c) wheat, rice and jute.
(d) oilseeds and pulses.
9. Observe and identify the method of erosion: Ans. (c) Wheat, rice and jute
Explanation: Alluvial soil is extren
and suitable for the growth of lar en
of crops such as rice, wheat, cotton
cotton, jute
sugarcane.

14. Observe and identify the con

method given below

(a)Rillerosion (b) Sheet erosion

() Gully erosion (d) Splash erosion
Ans. (c) Gully erosion
Explanation: When the rills grow deeper and
wider, they form gullies after gushes down in
these distinct paths gradually deepening and
windening them further to form ravines. t
(a) Terraced farming (b) Shelter belt
renders the region unsuitable for cultivation till
soil restoration takes place (c) Contour bunding (c) Crop rotation
10. Name the soil that is generally confined to HOT
river basins Ans. () Terraced farming
(o) Block soil Explanation: Terraced farming is a method
b) Alluvial soil growing crops on sides of hills or mountains
planting on graduated terraces built into t
cRedsoil
d)Laterite soil slope.
[ICSESem-1, 2021] 15. What is the predominant
characteristic
Ans. b) Alluvial soil the soil shown in the map below?

Related Theory
Alluvial soil is fomed by the
sediments brought
down by riers. It is rich in chemical
ingredients
11. The All India Soil
Survey Committee has
classified soils on the basis of
(o) Origin (b) Location
Composition (d) All of the above.
Ans. (d) All of the above
12. Name the soil that becomes
of desilication.
infertile because
(a) Black soil
b) Allvial soil
()Red soil
() Laterite soil
Ans. (6) Laterite soil ICSE Sem-1, 2021]
13. Alluvial soil is
of
mainly good for the cultivation

Eduart ICSE Genara

 a)l t ' l ea c i d i c
Multiple Cholce Questions-ll
t i s infartile. Other Question Types, For Extra Practice
[ 2 marks each
t i s alkaline.

following9
fertile
answer the
very
8. Study the map and
t is
k i sv e r yèrtle

questlons
following
stateme
carefully and
16Road he c o r r e c t
c h o o s et h e option:
ot A: Red and yellow soils are
Sotemer
low
ralinfat areas of the Deccan
In
n nd Chhotanagpur plateau areas of
Chhatk and Jharkhand.

B: Red soil
is more sandy and less
Seatement

cloyey

Options

A and statement B are

statement
(o)B o t h

Tect and
statement B is the correct
for Statement A.
explonation
statement A and statement B are
Both statement B is not the correct
A.
correct

statement
of
xolanation
B
( S t a t e m e n t
is correct but statement is
shaded region?
found in the
n o tc o r r e c t

correct but statement A is A)Which soil is (b) Alluvial soil

Bis (a) Black soil
(
Stotement
n o tc o r r e c t
[HOT (d) Lateritesoil

statement B are ()Redsoil

Both s t a t e m e n t
A and ofsoil
formed?
not the correct
(B) How is this type of silt
but
statement B,is (a)Formed by the deposition
2ct
explanationo fs t a t e m e n t A rivers.
broughtdown by of alluvium.
statements carefully and
(b) by weathering
Formed rocks
the folt
llowing weathering of lava
()Formed by of
17. Read correct
option: in
leaching
areas
the the Formed due to
choose Afforestation
reduce
(d)
A:
Statement
runof
heavy rain.
of w a t e r Alluvial soi.
responsible for formed in the
intensity
runoff is Ans. (A) () Alluvial soil is
B: Water Explanation:
increase the
Stotement seepage

erosion and
trees
table. entire
Northern plains in India
soil
to the
underground
water

Formed by the
deposition ofsiltbrought
ofwater B) (0)
down by rivers.
B are and
Option: A and
Statement
below carefully
Statement given
Read the except
correct

(a) Both B is the 19. that

follows:

the questions
s t a t e m e n t

and of
correct answer
the forces
of top soil by
s t a t e m e n t
A.
of removal more
explanation s t a t e m e n t
B are
t is the wind and
water,
statement
A and nature,
especially
farming
processes
the c o r r e c t various soil
(b) Both B is not
s t a t e m e n t

rapidly than the

natural process
which
c o r r e c t but
A. it. It is a
activity
can replace human
statement

of B is when
explanation statement
a problem under
natural
correct
but becomes
faster than
Statement A is much
() makes it
occur

not correct statement

A is conditions: in thee
but mentioned
correct
Statemernt B is the process
) (A) Identify
not correct above excerpt
s t a t e m e n t

A and
(a) Mulchin9
Ans (a) Both tement corect

statement
B is the (b) Soil erosion
ue Correct and
A.
explanation of statement
Soil Resources 85
 (c) Faulty agricultural practices Ans. (A) (b) Soil erosion

(B) () Both (b) and (c)

()Strip cropping
(B) Which of these is a type of the process
mentioned in the excerpt?
Related Theory
I n India, soil erosion is one of the greatest.
of agriculture as it is responsible for low agri
()Terrace forming
6) Wind erosion ouput ura
()Watererosion
() Both ) ond (e)

(SUBJECTIVE TYpe Questions

Explain Briefly mark each] WhatExaminers Say

20. Sheet erosion Answered correctly by most candidates.
Ans. Sheet Erosion is the slow removal of the top
soil by surface runoff.
24. Contour ploughing
Ans: Contour ploughing is a farming
HOT
techni

21. Soil conservation [ICSE 2016] which is used in hilly areas to hnique
prevent
Ans. Soil conservation is the effort made by man to the
erosion. It involves ploughing along the
outine
of the field in a circular manner.
prevent soil erosion and degradation.

Soil conservation refers to the efforts made to Related Theory

prevent soil from getting eroded. Contour ploughing is common in Japan, China.
several other south-east asian countries. and
Marking Scheme
25. Strip cropping.
What Examiners Say Ans. Striping cropping is a farming techniquee :in
Definition was written correctly which different kinds of
crops are grown
Related Theory alternate rows instead of leaving
uncultivated.
strips ofloand
Soil conservation is important to prevent the loss of
fertile topsoil and various other reasons

22. in situ soils

Give Geographical Reason
Ans. In Situ soils
develop in an area by the
disintegration of the parent rock, without mark each
transported by agents of gradation. In situbeing
soils
26. Terraces
farming is an ideal soil
are found where formed. method for hilly regions. conservation
In situ means
to
develop in one area
without
any movement. It refers to
residual soil. Ans. Terraces check ICSE 2019
the speed of
ACaution thereby reducing the chances running
of soil
water
Learn to
explain term and
Soil flowing
along with erosion
definition
properly the concepts related correctly. Learn collects on the terraces water down slope
soils with examples. to 'ex-situ' and in-situ' benefitting farming
23. Bhangar Traces check the speed of
Ans. Bhangar [ICSE 2015] thusreduce the chance of running
erosion.
water and
is coarse
textured with calcarious
concretions (Lime Nodules). It is old Maring Scheme
deposited at an
river terraces elevation of 30 alluvium
m What Examiners Say
and in the on
uplands,
upper river valleys. Some candidates,
Bhangar: The older, less with wrote
key words lengthy explanation but
a
fertile alluvial soil related it to wind
were
missing. Some candidates
erosion. A few candidates
[Marking Schemel wrote the
meaning of simp
explaining its relevance forterrace farming instead o
hily areas.
HAEduÇart ICSE
Geography Class X
 preferred in wth red
27. Dry farming
is areas
What Examiners Say
soiL Very few candidates mentioned that it is replenished
Ans Red soil is coarse grined, friable and does not by flood.
retain moisture hence dry farming is preferred
in areas of
red soils.
ACautlon
common agent of solil erosion in Give the correct explanation, and stress on the points
28. Wind is a
how khadar is replenished by flood and is fertile.
arid regions.
Ant. Soil erosion by wind
is common in arid regions
because arid areas do not support vegetation
Related Theory
Khadar is very fertile and is ideal for intensive
and since there are roots to hold the soil cultivation.
together. The wind can carry away the loose 31. Alluvlal soil is extremely fertile. [ICSE 2015]
soil easily. The wind speed is high here due to
absence of obstruction. Ans. Alluvial soil is extremely fertile as it is loamy
rich in potash and lime, renewed annuaily and
Related Theory retains moisture.
Wind erosion reduces the productivity ofsoil,as most
ofthe nutrients required for the growth of plants
are As it contains minerals like iron, potash, lime/
carried away by wind. is loamy/has sufficient depthfis renewed
annually/it is a transported soil which brings
29. Alluvial soil differs in texture. [IcSE 2016] along lots of minerals. [Marking Schemej
textured in the upper
Ans. Alluvial soil is
coarse
the eroded 32. Reafforestation should be practiced
course of the rivers because
material is carried away by fast flowing rivers extensivelyy [HOT
in
but in the lower course, there is a decrease Ans. Reafforestation should be pratised extensively
the velocity of the river and the soil particles as trees check soil erosion, bind the soil
become finer by the processes of attrition, together, help maintain ecological balance,
corrosion or corrasion. check global warming, reduce severity of
drought, recharge ground water, provide
Alluvial soil is coarse in the upper valley a habitat for wild life, cause rainfall and
of the rivers because the eroded matter is moderate temperature.
carried away by the fast flowing riverbut in
33. Black soil is suitable for the growth of cotton.
the lower course the river reduces its speed
and the soil particles become finer due IcSE 2014]
to attrition or because the load itself gets Ans. Black,soil is suitable for the growth of cotton
eroded. [Marking Scheme as it is clayey, moisture retentive and a self
Ploughing soil. It is fertile as it is rich in iron,
What Examiners Say lime potash and calcium.
of
Many candidates did not understand the meaning
texture' and wrote differences. Black soilis suitable for the growth of cotton
because it is moisture retentive, has self
ACaution ploughing qualities and is rich in lime, iron,
Understand key words/key points correctly potash,calcium, claying in nature.
[Marking Scheme
Related Theory the texture from sandy loamy to
Alluvial soil varies in What Examiners Say
clayey. The question was answered correctly by most
30. Khadar is more fertile then Bhangar candidates

[IcSE 2016 34. The conservation of soil as a natural

Ans. Khadar is more fertile than Bhangar as it is fine resources. [IcSE 2014]
textured newer alluvium which is replenished Ans. The conservation of soil is necessary as it is a
every year. medium of plant growth provides raw material
for Agro based industries and material for
Khadar is the new alluvium which keeps construction. It takes a very long time for an
getting replenished by the river bringing inch of soil to form but is eroded in no time
due
down more eroded material to human negligence and natural
causes.

Marking Schemel
 of India where black
Soil is natural resource which must be 42. Two states
sol
conserved or else the land becomes barren
formed
found in
IcSE 201
the st
and cannot be cultivated, food crops will Ans. Black soil is widely Andhra stotes
have to be imported and the Agro-based
Maharashtra Gujarat,
Karnataka,
Telengana, Pradesh
WesternMadhu
Tamil Nadu.
industries will ffer. Some kinds of soil are Pradesh,
Southern

also required for construction purpose. It

takes very long for an inch of top soil to be Maharashtra/Gujarat/Madhya

Pradesh/Karnatako/parts of
Pradesh
T
formed. Andhra
Nadu.
Tamil
[Marking Schema
Marking Schemel

What Examiners Say ACaution upon the areas

Most candidates answered the question correctiy
Use a map to
concentrate

is found.
where
each type ofsoil

transported soil
of India,
Related Theory
Soil conservation helps in increasing agricultural
43. An important
Alluvial soil is an
important transported soi.
soil ot
Ans.
productivity. India.
35. Laterite soil is not suitable for cultivation.
Ans. Laterite soil is not suitable for cutivation as it, ACaution
is a leached and thus acidic. It is also poor in Learn the ofseveral transported soils
names

nitrogen, humus, lime, potash and phosphoric where each of the followh
acid and cannot retain moisture.
44. An area in India
processes take place
aing
36. Red soil is red in colour. (A) Sheet erosion
(B) Gully erosion
Ans. Red soil is red in colour as it is rich in iron oxide.
Ans. (A) place in:
Sheet Erosion takes
Name the Following [ mark each] (1) Flood plains of the Ganga
Brahamaputra, Damodar, Kosi, Nilgiris
37. The parent rock that contributes to the
(2) Chos of Punjab
formation of red soil
(3) Hilly areas
[ICSE 2020]
Ans. The parent rock that contribute to the formation (4) North Eastern Hills
of red soil are acidic granites and gneisses or (5) Southern slopes of the Himalayas
ancient crystalline metamorphic rocks of the
Deccan plateau.
Any or
(B) Gully Erosion takes place in:
38. A soil that occurs in Situ and is good for (1) Chambal Valley
cotton crop. [HOT1 (2) Sabarmati Valley
Ans. The black in Situ and is
regur occurs
good for (3) Mahi Valley
cotton crop. Any one)
Related Theory ACaution
Black soil is also Write the names of
suitable for the cultivation of
sugarcane, wheat, and tobacco.
respective areas carefully and
correctly as asked in the question.
39. Soil that is formed due 45. Soil
and heavy rainfall.
to
high temperature which is good for cultivation of
[IcSE 2020] sugarcane.
Ans. Laterite soil is formed
due to high
and heavy rainfall temperature Ans. Alluvial
[icSE 2017
40. Two crops that are
soil/Black soil is
of sugarcane. good for the cutivation
grown on laterite soil
Ans. Plantation ICSE 20201 Goodfor sugarcane alluvialblack cotton sol
crops like coffee, tea, rubber and
coconuts grow well in residual
soils. [Marking Schemel
41. The Indian soil which is 46. The soil which
formed due occurs ex-situ.
weathering of basic Igneous rocks. to the Ans. Alluvial soil ocurs
[ICSE 2017
Ans. Black soil is the soil ex-situ.
which is formed
weathering of basic lgneous rocks. due to the Alluvial soil
[MarkingScheme
88 Eduart IcSE Geography Class X
What Examiners Say What Exaniners Say
were undable, to understand the Some condidates mentioned laterite soil
A few candidates
and wrote incorrect answers
meaning of ex-situ
ACaution
Revision of facts as important points assists in
ACaution comprehension topic better.
Learn the
Keywords properly.
$2. The sol which is a result of leaching
Related Theory khadar. Ane. Laterte
types Bhangar and
Alluvial soil is oftwo
53. The parent rock of Black soil
which is acldic in
nature.
47. The soil Ans. The parent rock of Black soit
are metomorphic
IcSE 201711
rocks.

Laterite soilyRed
is acidic in nature.
Ans.
[Marking Scheme
Short Answer Type-IQuestions
soil
Acidic soil-laterite (2 marks each]
ISA-I1 the
What Examiners Say to Black soil, answer

named
54. With reference [ICSE 2018]
nature was
which is acidic in following
T h e soil which grows
most
candidates
(A) Name one important crop
correctly by
soluble minerals in the soilL
which the this soil
by property of
to the Give one chemical
48. The processrainwater and percolate (B)
well in Black soil
are:
dissolve in
soil infertile. Ans. (A) Crops that grow
leaving the top
bottom, [ICSE 2015]1 (1) Cotton
(2) Sugarcane
[Marking Schemel (3) Oilseeds
Ans. Leaching
(4) Tobacco

What Examiners Saycorrectly except for

a few (5) Rice
answered (6) Wheat
candidates
Most instead ofleaching.
wrote
acid rain (7) Millets
who
(8) Linseed

A Caution (9) Jowar

and t e r m s
keywords
correct (10) Gram
U s e the flowing Any one
rainwater
(11) Sunflower

process by which,
the top soil,
thus
alumina, iron,
potash,
49. The lime, since
definite paths removes
s u r f a c e of
the land. (B) It
contains
carbonate
and
calcium

in cuts to the magnesium, schists and

causing deep from crystalline and
it originates nitrogen
phosphates,
lacks
gneisses. t
Ans. Gully erosion
alkaline.
n o t acidic,
it is
humus. It is
rill black soil
is
ACaution
between in
crop grown
difference
the
help of
diagrams cotton/sugarcane/tobacco/cereals/oil
Important

Clearly
understand
erosion by taking (A
and gully
erosion s e e d sj o w a r / w h e a t / g r a m .
a n d r e a l pictures. lime, potash
Rich in
Property:
Poor
it
(B) Chemical&
carbonate

Related Theory agricultural land

and makes calcium
magnesium
and organic
cuts up nitrogen
erosion matter LIMCAP/non-acidic/non-alkaline
phosphorous
Guly
unfitfor cultivation.
of in
cultivation
[Marking Schemel
for the
which is good
50. The soil for the
cashew-nuts. good
and red
soils are
What Examiners Say were
able to
answer
this

Laterite candidates

Ans.
c u l t i v a t i o n o fc a s h e w - n u t s .

all of
west
A)
Most ofthe properties
almost questions
physical chemical

wrote
covers
its
which candidates
writing
soil of
51. The
Most
ICSE 2014] (B) soil
instead

black
BengaL of

west
Bengal propertiesS

almost all of
Alluvial soil
covers
Soil Resources 89
Ans. IMarkingScheme

Alluvial
 ACaution (1)
(2)
Afforestation
Reafforestation
Clearly learn and never mix the difference between belts
shelter
physical properties and chemical properties of (3) Planting of
various types of soils. Cover crop
plantation
(4) dams and barrages
55. Metntion two causes of soil erosion in India. (5)
Constructing
(6) Gully plugging
HOT Checking
over
grazing
Ans. Causes of soil erosion in India are: (7) shifting
agriculture

Banning
(1) Shifting cultivation (8) Practicing crop rotation

(9) agricultural
(2) Faulty agricultural practices
(10) Taking
up
beneficial

terrace pratiea
(3)
(4)
Overgrazing
Heavy roinfall
Uke multiple
cropping,

contour ploughing.

etc.
for im
cropping,
(S) Erosion by agents of gradation. [Any twoj (11) Strip
difference en Alluvial
between Allue
Mentlon two
Related Theory or
58.
and Red soil. (ICSE 2000
Among the states of India, Rajasthan is on the top
the soil eroded regions followed by M.P. MaharasnEr
Ans.
UP.Gujarat Andhra Pradesh and Kornataka. Alluvial Soil Red Soil
between Alluvial
S6.
Metntion two differences
soil and Black soil. No
and Formed
Ans. (1) Silt
sedim ents weathering
Black Soil brought down metamorphic
Alluvial Soil roc
rivers- in situ soil
No by
Transported Ex-situ Residual/Sedentary transported

(1) soilin-situ Soil Dark/ soil

soil Light/Yellow
Loamy, Black coloured
coloured Colours ranges Red because ofi
though its texture Clayey and fine (2) from yellow to oxide.
textured.
varies
the
brown.
(2) Formed by deposition
Formed by
of disintegrated disintegration of (3) Loamy Sandy and friable
material
brought solidfied lava or

down by rivers volcanicrocks. (4 Fertile Infertile, respon

to fertilizers

S Alluvlalsoil Black Soil (5) Rich in potash Contains Solube

No. and lime salts

(1 Transport Soil Residual soil (6) Found in Found in south ind

(2) Exsitu In situ
northern plains in the interior pon
and coasts of Bihar, Jharkhon
(3 Less moisture More moisture along the river NE
states/Oriss
(4) retention retention
banks. West Bengal
(5) Lighter in colour Dark in cnlour Any twol [Marking Schem
(6) Sandy/coarse in Clayey/fine grain
texture What Examiners Say
The question was answered
(7)Richin humus candidates.
correctly by ms
Different in humus
Any twol Marking Scheme]
57. What is soil erosion?
Related Theory
Mention two steps that Alluvial soil lacks in nitrogen and humus while
can be taken to soil is different in
prevent soil erosion. nitrogen, phosphorous and orgg
Ans. matter.
Removal or degradation of the soil
is called soil
erosion. The steps that can be 59. Name the process by which
soil erosion are: taken to prevent laterite s0
formed. Mention
soil.
one disadvantage o
HOT
90
Eduart IcsE Geography Class X
 e Soil is formed by
Laterite

leaching. It
to weathering of rocks,
is
formed
Adue under
o f high tem
mperature and conditions
heavy rainfall with Related Theory
ering wetand dry periods.
Laterite soil is suitable for the
Disadvantages: and coshew nut. Plantotion of topioca
is acidic and infertile
a) t Short Answer
(2)
Cannot retain moisture Type-I Questions
(3) It
is poo
hosphoric
in lime,
nitrogen, potash
acid and humus
tSA-I1] (3 marks each)
64. With reference to Aluvial
Any one soil answer the
, State
two methods of
controlling the erosion following questlons.
Fsoil caused by running water. A What are the two types of Alluvial soils?
Ans Afforestation, (3) Name on area where Alluvial soil is
(2) Plugging gullies,
found.
() Name two crops that grows well in the
of river beds
(3) Deepening and soil ICSE 2020
river banks, widening of
Ans. (A) Young khadar and Old Bhangor are the
(4) Contour ploughing two types of Alluvial soils.
(5) Terrace forming, (B) An area where Alluvial soil is found is

(6) onstruction
of dams and
barrages across the Ganga Brahmaputra Sutlej Plains,
Northern plains of India, Western coastaol
Any twol and Eastern coastal Plains of India and
61. Mention two differences in the
Alluvial Deltas along the East coast.
of Northern lains and the Alluvial:soil soil
on C) Crops that grow well in Alluvial soil are rice,
of India.
the Coastal plains [HOT wheat, sugarcane, cotton, jute oilseeds etc.
65. What is soil conservation? State a method of
Ans.
soil conservation in the:
Soils of Northern Soils of Coastal
S (A) Arid and Semi-Arid region.
Plains of India
No.
Plains of India (B) River Valleys prone to flood.
(1) Porous sandy and Non Porous,
clayey Ans. Soil conservation is the effort made by man to
coarse textured and fine textured prevent soil erosion and soil degradation and
retain its fertility.
in colour Darker in colour
(2) Lighter (A) Methods of soil conservation in the arid
in and semi-arid region:
62. Name two states India where
Regur soil is
found. In what ways does Regur soil helps in (1) Afforestation
agriculture? [ICSE 2011] (2) Planting Shelter Belts
Ans. Regur soil is found in Maharashtra, Gujrat, (3) Reafforestation [Any one]
western Madhya Pradesh, western Andhra (B) Method of soil conservation in the river
Pradesh. It is a moisture retentive soil which valleys prone to flood:
releases moisture to the plants during the dry (1) Gully Plugging
season. (2) Building Check Dams
Thus, it is very beneficial for crops in unirrigated (3) Construction Dams and Barrages
areas. It is self ploughing and cracks when dry [Any one
aerating the soil. It is rich in lime, alumina, iron, Soil conservation is an effort made by man
carbonate
potash, calcium and magnesium to prevent soil erosion and retain the fertility
it very fertile. It is deep, dark and rich
making (A) Planting of shelter belts/afforestation/re
in valleys.
afforestation
of laterite
53. Mention two main characteristics (B) Construction of dams and barrages
soil [Marking Schemel
Ans. The characteristics of laterite soil are

(1 It is leached and acidic soil What Examiners Say

and friable answered the first part
t is coarse grained, porous (A)-(8) Most candidates
methods of soil
conservation

9 tis rich in iron, hence red in colour correctly.However, most of the

correctly by
to air, Is not answered
49) t harden like when exposed
were

candidates.
therefore good building material
Soil Resources
 66. Mention any three characteristics of Black 68. Name two important agents of erosion. For
soil which makes the soil fertile. each, state one method of controlling the
[HOT1
Ans. (1) Moisture retentive erosion caused.
(2) Self ploughing Ans. The important agents of erosion are running

(3) Fertile as it is rich in lime, alumina, water and wind.

iron, potash, magnesium, calcium and Methods of controlling erosion by running
carbonates. water are
67. State the difference between Alluvial soils (1) Construction of dams and barrages
found in the lower courses and upper courses (2) Afforestation
of rivers.
HOT (3) Gully plugs
Ans.
(4) Contour bunding9
S.Alluvial soils in Alluvial soils in (5) Terracing
No. the lower course the upper course (6) Contour ploughing check the speed of
running water down the slopes, thereby
1. Fine grained non Coarse grained, effectively checking soil erosion. [Any one]
porous and very porous and not
fertile. Method of controlling erosion by wind are:
very fertile.
(1) Planting shelter belts
2. Clayey loam. Calcareous clay. (2) Banning of indiscriminate falling of trees
(3) Afforestation.
Related Theory
Alluvial soil is fertile as it is rich in minerals such as (4) Checking overgrazing in desert. [Any one]
iron, magnesia, alumina, potash and lime.