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TERM-2_LAB_ACTIVITIES[1]

The document outlines various math lab activities aimed at teaching concepts such as Arithmetic Progressions (AP), the sum of natural numbers, properties of tangents to circles, solving quadratic equations, and drawing cumulative frequency curves. Each activity includes objectives, required materials, procedures, observations, and results to facilitate hands-on learning. The activities are designed to enhance understanding of mathematical principles through practical application and visual representation.

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7 views

TERM-2_LAB_ACTIVITIES[1]

The document outlines various math lab activities aimed at teaching concepts such as Arithmetic Progressions (AP), the sum of natural numbers, properties of tangents to circles, solving quadratic equations, and drawing cumulative frequency curves. Each activity includes objectives, required materials, procedures, observations, and results to facilitate hands-on learning. The activities are designed to enhance understanding of mathematical principles through practical application and visual representation.

Uploaded by

gglmaolmao233
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TERM- 2

MATHS LAB ACTIVITIES


ACTIVITY-1
TOPIC: AP
OBJECTIVE: To verify that the given sequence is an AP by shading.
MATERIALS REQUIRED: colours, scissors, activity file etc
PROCEDURE: Consider the sequence 1, 4, 7, 10, 13….
Shade these on the graph paper in order.
Repeat the same with the second sequence 1, 4, 8, 10, 11,…..
OBSERVATION: We observe that the adjoining coloured strips have a common
difference
in the first sequence and not so in the second sequence.
RESULT: Sequence 1 is in AP as the common difference is constant.
Thus a sequence is an AP if the difference is constant.
ACTIVITY-2
TOPIC: AP
OBJECTIVE: To verify that the sum of first n natural numbers is n(n+1)/2 by
graphical method.
MATERIALS REQUIRED: Graph papers, white chart paper, coloured pens,
geometry box.
PROCEDURE: Let us consider the sum of first n natural numbers
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + + n (say n = 10).

1. Take a graph paper and paste it on a white chart paper.


2. Mark the rectangles 1, 2, 3 n, (n + 1) along the vertical line and 1,2, 3,…. n
along the horizontal line.
3. Colour the rectangular strips of length 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm n cm each of width 1
cm.
4. Complete the rectangle with sides n and n+1. Name this rectangle as PQRS.
Mark dot in each square as shown in fig. (i).
5. Count the coloured squares and total number of squares in rectangle PQRS.

-
OBSERVATION
We observe, number of shaded squares = ½ x total no. of squares
No. of shaded squares = 1+ 2 + 3 + … + n
Total squares = Area of rectangle = n (n + 1)
Therefore 1 + 2 + 3 + … + n = ½ n(n + 1)

Area of rectangle PQRS = 10 x 11


Area of shaded region = ½ x 10 x 11 = 55 ……………….(i)
Also, area of shaded region = (1 x 1) + (2 x 1) + (3 x 1) +… + (10 x 1)
= 1+2 + 3 + … +10 = 55 …………………….(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
1+2 + 3 + … + 10= ½ x 10 x 11 = 55
Verified that 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 10 = 12 x 10 (10 + 1) by graphical method
.
RESULT
It is verified graphically that 1 + 2 + 3 + … + n = ½ n(n+ 1) or sum of first n natural
numbers = n(n + 1).
2

ACTIVITY-3
TOPIC : CIRCLES
OBJECTIVE : To verify experimentally that lengths of tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle are equal by paper folding method
Tangent
A line touching the circle at a point is called a tangent to the circle.

MATERIALS REQUIRED : Glazed papers, a white chart paper, sketch pens, a pair
of scissors, geometry box, fevicol.
PROCEDURE :
1. Cut a circle of any radius from a glazed paper and paste it on a white chart paper.

2. Take any point P on the circle.


1. From P, fold the paper in such a way that it just
touches the circle at P. Press it and unfold to get a tangent PA.

2. From A, fold the paper to get tangent AQ.

OBSERVATION

∴ AP = AQ
Students observe that point P coincide with Q

RESULT
Thus it is verified that lengths of tangents drawn from an external point to a
circle are equal.

ACTIVITY – 4
TOPIC : Quadratic Equations

OBJECTIVE: To obtain the solution of a quadratic equation by completing


the
square geometrically.

MATERIALS REQUIRED : colured square grid paper, glue, marker, scissors,


colours etc

PROCEDURE :
1. Take a hardboard of a convenient size and paste a white chart paper on it.
2. Draw a square of side of length x units , on a pink glazed paper and paste it
on the hardboard [see Fig. 1] . Divide it into 36 unit squares with a marker.
3. Along with each side of the square (outside) paste rectangles of green glazed
paper of dimensions x × 1, i.e., 6 × 1 and divide each of them into unit
squares with the help of a marker [see Fig. 1].
4. Draw 4 squares each of side 1 unit on a yellow glazed paper, cut them out
and paste each unit square on each corner as shown in Fig. 1.

5. Draw another square of dimensions 8 × 8 and arrange the above 64 unit


squares as shown in Fig. 2.

OBSERVATION :

The first square represents total area x2 + 4x + 4.

The second square represents a total of 64 (60 + 4) unit squares.

Thus, x2 + 4x + 4 = 64
(x + 2)2 = (8)2

(x + 2) = + 8 i.e., x = 6 or x = –10

Since x represents the length of the square, we cannot take x = –10

RESULT : Various quadratic equations can be soved by making the


squares as described above.

ACTIVITY-5

TOPIC : STATISTICS

OBJECTIVE : To draw a cumulative frequency curve (or an ogive) of


less than type

MATERIALS REQUIRED : Graph sheets, glue, scissors etc

PROCEDURE

1. Collect data on heights of the students of a school and make a frequency


distribution table, containing, say, five classes

2. Form a cumulative frequency table of less than type of the above

3. Take a squared paper of size 15 cm × 15 cm and paste it on a coloured


chart paper.

4. Take two perpendicular lines OX and OY on the squared paper and


graduate them with divisions as needed by the data in Step 2.

5. On the squared paper, plot the points

6. Join the plotted points by a free hand curve using a sketch pen, as
shown .
7. The curve is an uprising curve, with cumulative frequencies rising from
lower to higher. This is called “less than type ogive”

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