CHUYÊN ĐỀ 8: CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

A TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

If + S + V (hiện tại đơn),

S + will/can/may/might/should/have to + V

If + S + V (hiện tại đơn),

V/don't V+ ...
LOẠI 1
If + S + V (hiện tại đơn),
S + V (hiện tại đơn)

Đảo ngữ:
Should + S + V(bare), S + will/can/may... + V

If + S + V (quá khứ đơn),

S + would/could/might + V
LOẠI 2
Đảo ngữ:
Were + S + (to + V), S + would/could/might + V

CÁC
LOẠI If + S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành),
CÂU
ĐIỀU S + would/could/might + have + Vp2
KIỆN
Đảo ngữ:
LOẠI 3 Had + S + Vp2, S + would/could/might + have + Vp2

If it hadn't been for + N,

S + would/could/might + have + Vp2
= Had it not been for + N,
S + would/could/might + have + Vp2
= But for/without + N,
S + would/could/might + have + Vp2

If + S + V (quá khứ hoàn thành),

LOẠI S + would/could + V
HỖN
If + S + V (quá khứ đơn),
HỢP
S + would/could/might + have + Vp2
B. PRACTICE EXERCISES
Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
Question 1:______have enough apples, she’ll make an apple pie this afternoon.
A. Should she B. If she C. Will she D. Unless she
Question 2: If you don’t know how to spell a word, you______look it up in
the______dictionary.
A. must B. will C. should D. ought
Question 3: If the sun______, we______for a walk.
A. shines / will go B. shone / will go C. shone / would go D. had shone / would go
Question 4: The campfire______if it______last night.
A. wouldn’t be cancelled/hadn’t rained
B. wouldn’t have been cancelled/hadn’t rained
C. would have been cancelled/hadn’t rained
D. will be cancelled/rains
Question 5: But for our parents, we______successful in life.
A. will never be B. would never be C. wouldn’t have D. would have never been
Question 6: If I______my wallet at home this morning, I______money for lunch now.
A. leave / will have B. didn’t leave / would have
C. hadn’t left / would have D. hadn’t left / would have had
Question 7: If we______the plans carefully, we would not have had so many serious mistakes.
A. study B. had studied C. studied D. were studying
Question 8: I will never talk to you again______you apologize me______your being rude.
A. if / for B. unless / for C. or / of D. whether / or
Question 9:______ you work harder, you will be sacked.
A. Whether B. If C. However D. Unless
Question 10: " I think you should stop smoking."
A. If I am you, I will stop smoking. B. If I were you, I will stop smoking.
C. If I were you, I would stop smoking. D. If I had been you, I would stop smoking.
Question 11: If you take the ice out of the fridge, it______.
A. vaporizes B. melts C. heats D. disappears
Question 12: Unless we______more snow, we can’t go skiing.
A. will have B. have C. have had D. had
Question 13: You’ll fail the exam______you start revising.
A. if B. until C. when D. unless
Question 14: Unless you wash the car, you______not drive it at the weekend.
A. would B. could C. have to D. may
Question 15: If Peter______his car before the drive, he______the problem of out of petrol.
A. checked / will not get B. had checked / would not have got
C. checks / will not have got D. would be checking / will not have got
Question 16: Most people you meet will be polite to you______.
A. if you are polite to them B. if you will be polite to them
C. unless you are polite to them D. if you were polite to them
Question 17: If you do so, it______the matter worse.
A. makes only B. would only make C. will only make D. had only made
Question 18: Hurry up______you will miss the bus and be late for school.
A. if B. and C. or D. as
Question 19: You will get a good seat if you______first.
A. come B. came C. have come D. will come
Question 20: If Margaret hadn’t been wearing a seat belt, she______injured.
A. has been B. would has been C. would be D. would have been
Question 21: If I______the rain yesterday, I______ill.
A. had not caught / would have been B. had not caught / would have not been
C. have not caught / were not D. have not caught / would have been
Question 22: What______if there______a serious nuclear accident.
A. will happen / was B. happens / were
C. would happen / were D. would happen / had been
Question 23: If I hadn't stayed up so late last night, I______so tired this morning.
A. don't feel B. felt C. didn't feel D. wouldn't have felt
Question 24: I______in terrible trouble right now if you hadn't helped me.
A. am B. will be C. would be D. would have been
Question 25: If I had a computer, I______the assignment last night.
A. finished B. have finished
C. would have finished D. had finished
Question 26: If you______harder, you'd have passed the exam.
A. had studied B. have studied C. studied D. study
Question 27: If you had lots of money, what______?
A. do you do B. will you do C. would you do D. have you done
Question 28: I'd______out with you if I weren't so tired.
A. go B. went C. had gone D. will go
Question 29: I'm sure your parents would have been happier if you______harder
before that important exam.
A. work B. worked C. have worked D. had worked
Question 30: Tom______so careless if he'd known what would happen.
A. would have been B. wouldn't have been
C. would be D. wouldn't be
Question 31: If she______on time, I would have been surprised.
A. arrived B. have arrived C. had arrived D. would arrive
Question 32: We wouldn't______the bus if we'd left home earlier.
A. have missed B. had missed C. will miss D. would miss
Question 33: If John had studied more, he______better marks.
A. gets B. will get C. would get D. would have got
Question 34: If he had tried harder, he might______.
A. succeed B. have succeeded C. be success D. will succeed
Question 35: If you had saved some money, you______so hard up now.
A. aren't B. won't C. wouldn't be D. wouldn't have been
Question 36: Why didn't you tell me? If you______me, I would have helped.
A. tell B. told C. have told D. had told
Question 37: If he______the money, he wouldn't be in prison now.
A. hadn't stolen B. didn't steal C. had stolen D. stole
Question 38: If Tim______so fast, his car wouldn't have crashed into a tree.
A. didn't drive B. hadn't driven C. haven't driven D. drives
Question 39: What a bad luck! If Nam______over, he would have won the race.
A. doesn't fall B. didn't fall C. hasn't fallen D. hadn't fallen
Question 40: If you______me last week, I would have been able to come.
A. invited B. had invited C. would invite D. would have invited
Question 41: I'm sure your letter hasn't arrived yet. If it had come, I'm sure I______it.
A. will notice B. noticed
C. would have noticed D. would notice
Question 42: Why didn't you phone? If I had known you were coming, I______you
at the airport.
A. would have met B. would meet C. met D. had met
Question 43: It's a pity you missed the party. If you______, you would have met my teacher
from Australia.
A. came B. have come C. come D. had come
Question 44: I wouldn't have resat the exam if I______harder.
A. study B. studied C. had studied D. would have studied
Question 45: If Jane______, I wouldn't have been able to move the table.
A. didn't help B. hadn't helped C. hasn't helped D. wouldn't help
Question 46: Unless you______me about Sue's hair, I wouldn't have noticed.
A. had told B. hadn't told C. told D. didn't tell
Question 47: "If I______and my life depended on the solution, I would spend the first 55
minutes determining the proper question to ask, for once I know the proper question, I could
solve the problem in less than five minutes." Albert Einstein
A. have an hour to solve a problem B. had an hour solving a problem
C. had had an hour to solve a problem D. had an hour to solve a problem
Question 48: If he had spent his youth learning something, he______himself for his lack of
knowledge now.
A. will not blame B. would not blame
C. would not have blamed D. would blame
Question 49: If he______this homework to do, he would have gone out with his friends.
A. had not B. didn't have C. had had D. hadn't had
Question 50: Were my grandfather alive, he______learning something new. He was really a
studious.
A. will be B. would be C. would have been D. will have been

Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
Question 1: Students will not be allowed into the exam room if they______their student cards.
A. don’t produce B. didn’t produce C. produced D. hadn’t produced
Question 2: Without your help, I______the technical problem with my computer the other
day.
A. wouldn’t solve B. couldn’t have solved
C. could solve D. can’t solve
Question 3: If Martin were here now, he______us to solve this difficult problem.
A. would help B. helps C. will help D. has helped
Question 4: If he didn’t have to work today, he______his children to the zoo.
A. will take B. takes C. would take D. has taken
Question 5: If you didn’t have to leave today, I______you around the city.
A. have shown B. showed C. will show D. would show
Question 6: If our teacher were here now, he______us with this difficult exercise.
A. has helped B. helps C. will help D. would help
Question 7: If he were younger, he______a professional running competition now.
A. will j oin B. had j oined
C. would have joined D. would join
Question 8: If you watch this film, you______about the cultures of Southeast Asian countries.
A. learned B. were learning C. will learn D. would learn
Question 9: If he were better qualified, he______get the job.
A. will B. can C. may D. could
Question 10: If life______predictable it would cease to be life, and be without flavor.
A. is B. would be C. were D. had been
Question 11: That sounds like a good offer. I______it if I______you.
A. would accept - were B. accepted - would be
C. accept - will be D. will accept - were
Question 12: If he improved his IT skills, he______a job.
A. will easily get B. would easily get
C. will easily have______got D. would easily have got
Question 13: If it had not rained last night, the roads in the city______so slippery now.
A. must not be B. would not be
C. could not have been D. would not have been
Question 14:______ten minutes earlier, you would have got a better seat.
A. Had you arrived B. If you arrived C. Were you arrived D. If you hadn’t arrived
Question 15: If it______their encouragement, he could have given it up.
A. hadn’t been for B. wouldn’t have been for
C. had been for D. hadn’t been
Question 16: But for his kind support, I______.
A. would not have succeeded B. did not succeed
C. had not succeeded D. would succeed
Question 17: - Jean: “Why didn’t you tell me about the plans for the merge?” - Jack: “I would
have told you______.”
A. if you asked me to B. had you asked me to
C. you had asked to me D. you were asking me
Question 18: We______on the beach now if we hadn't missed the plane.
A. will lie B. could be lying C. will be lying D. might have lain
Question 19:______anyone call, just say I'll be back in the office at four o'clock.
A. If B. Were C. Should D. Unless
Question 20:______me twice my current salary, I wouldn't work for them.
A. If they paid B. Weren’t they paid
C. Were they not to pay D. Had they not paid
Question 21: If we______, the work would have been completed, I’m sure.
A. hadn’t been disturbed B. weren’t disturbed
C. didn’t disturb D. hadn’t disturbed
Question 22: The palace is so heavy and massive that no redecoration can make it look like a
little gracious villa. Even if we______it pink, which, of course, is out of the question.
A. would paint B. had painted C. were to paint D. paint
Question 23: Well, you see, if I______up in a neighborhood where drink problems were
endemic, I might find these jokes really funny.
A. wouldn’t be brought B. weren’t brought
C. didn’t bring D. hadn’t been brought
Question 24: If, as Mark says, the landlord______so surprised seeing the group, he must have
forgotten the arrangement.
A. has been B. was C. would have been D. had been
Question 25: I’m glad I managed to talk Sandra out of buying a dog. If I______, we would
now be looking for a pet-friendly hotel.
A. hadn’t B. did C. didn’t D. wouldn’t
Question 26:______she to call you immediately, what would you do?
A. Does B. If C. Unless D. Were
Question 27: If Karol Wojtyia______elected Pope, there wouldn’t be so many Poles visiting
Rome every year now.
A. wasn’t to be B. weren’t C. hadn’t been D. wouldn’t have been
Question 28: Who will pay for the coach if almost two fifths of the passengers______a free
ride?
A. will receive B. are to be given C. were to give D. would receive
Question 29: Don’t tell me I acted too quickly. I’m sure nobody in my place______a minute
longer.
A. would have to wait B. would wait
C. would be able to wait D. would have waited
Question 30: The company’s situation is hopeless and I can’t see what the new president
might do to improve it; even if he______a genius, which he is not.
A. were B. is to be C. will be D. would be

Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction
in each of the following questions.
Question 1: If Lucia had been here now, she would find out the truth about her
A B C
uncle’s accident.
D
Question 2: If a student takes a course on Computer Science, it will take him four years
A B C
doing the course.
D
Question 3: Unless it did not rain, Peter would pay us a visit.
A B C D
Question 4: If had I known you were in financial difficulty, I would have helped you.
A B C D
Question 5: If I had knew the time when the match started, I would have told you.
A B C D
Question 6: If she had finished the work, she can go home.
A B C D
Question 7: If I had spoken more confident at the interview, they would have offered
A B C
me the job.
D
Question 8: If we had had a map, we would not be lost yesterday.
A B C D
Question 9: Had I known Alice’s address, I would write to her.
A B C D
Question 10: If I had realized that the traffic lights were red, I would stop.
A B C D
Question 11: If had you sent the application form to that company, you would have
 A B C
been offered a job.
D
Question 12: He spends money carelessly as if he was a millionaire.
A B C D
Question 13: Unless you work harder, you will be sack because of your laziness.
A B C D
Question 14: Unless there had been the heavy storm, the climbers will not have died.
A B C D
Question 15: She has found that nobody can help her if she did not try her best to do
A B C D
it herself.
Question 16: If we will reduce the speed of population growth, there will be less
A B C
pressure on the earth.
D
Question 17: If we leave a bowl of water under the sun, it will evaporate.
A B C D
Question 18: If we continue to use fuels at the current rate, we would soon have to face
A B C D
a fuel crisis.
Question 19: If she bought that house now, she ran out of money.
A B C D
Question 20: What you would do if you could speak French well?
A B C D
Question 21: If I had my mobile yesterday, I could have contacted and informed you
A B C
about the last - minute cancellation of the seminar.
D
Question 22: If you had studied hard, you wouldn't failed the exam.
A B C D
Question 23: If I hadn't been too late for the exam, I might be allowed to enter the
A B C D
examination room.
Question 24: I would have enroll on an online course if I had had enough money.
A B C D
Question 25: We might have gone to the Science Fair if we knew about it happened.
A B C D
Question 26: If we had drop school so early, we wouldn't have had enough knowledge
A B C D
of the school subjects.
Question 27: If you had come to class last week, you might have join in the discussion
A B C
on air pollution.
D
Question 28: If I had listened to my parents, I wouldn't have been in so much trouble now.
A B C D
Question 29: I don't know your phone number. If I had known it, I would have called
A B C D
you last night.
Question 30: If I have studied English earlier, I could have read this book several years ago.
A B C D
Question 31: If a meteor hadn't struck the Earth, the dinosaurs didn't become extinct.
A B C D
Question 32: If they had win the lottery last summer, they would have bought a new car.
A B C D
Question 33: If I had known he is not at home, I wouldn’t have gone all the way to his
A B C D
house.
Question 34: If I had known that the road were flooded, I would never have taken that way.
A B C D
Question 35: If I were you, I will go to the dentist’s and have the tooth checked.
A B C D

Exercise 4: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning
to each of the following questions.
Question 1: I didn't have an umbrella with me, so I got wet.
A. Since I got wet, I didn't have an umbrella with me.
B. My umbrella helped me to get wet.
C. I wouldn’t have got wet if I had had an umbrella with me.
D. I got wet, so I didn't have an umbrella.
Question 2: Unless you leave me alone, I'll call the police.
A. I'll call the police because you leave me alone.
B. I'll call the police if you don't leave me alone.
C. If you leave me alone, I'll call the police.
D. You leave me alone, so I'll call the police.
Question?: Ifyou hadn't told me about the changes in the timetable, I wouldn't have noticed.
A. You hadn't told me about the changes in the timetable, so I didn't notice.
B. Unless you had told me about the changes in the timetable, I wouldn't have noticed.
C. If you had told me about the changes in the timetable, I would have noticed.
D. Unless you tell me about the changes in the timetable, I won't notice.
Question 4: If I had known the reason why she was absent from class, I would have told you.
A. I knew the reason why she was absent from class, but I didn't tell you.
B. Unless I knew the reason why she was absent from class, I wouldn't tell you.
C. I didn't know the reason why she was absent from class, so I didn't tell.
D. Although I knew the reason why she was absent from class, I didn't tell you.
Question 5: But for your carelessness, you could have been a partner in the firm.
A. If it hadn't been your carelessness, you could have been a partner in the firm.
B. Your carelessness was only thing to prevent being a partner in the firm.
C. It was your carelessness that made you impossible to be a partner in the firm
D. You could have been a partner in the firm, but you were so careless.
Question 6: Without skillful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
A. With skillful surgery, he would have survived the operation.
B. Had it not been for skillful surgery, he would have survived the operation.
C. But for skillful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
D. He wouldn't have survived the operation if he hadn't skillful surgery.
Question 7: We could not handle the situation without you.
A. You didn't help us handle the situation.
B. If you had not helped us, we could not have handled the situation.
C. If you did not help us, we could not handle the situation.
D. We will handle the situation if you help.
Question 8: Unless you have tickets you can't come in.
A. You can't come in provided that you have tickets.
B. You can come in provided that you have tickets.
C. If you didn't have tickets, you couldn't come in.
D. Unless you don't have tickets, you can come in.
Question 9: He stepped on the mine, and it exploded.
A. If he doesn’t step on the mine, it doesn’t explode.
B. If he doesn’t step on the mine, it won’t explode.
C. If he didn’t step on the mine, it wouldn’t explode.
D. If he hadn’t stepped on the mine, it wouldn’t have exploded.
Question 10: It may rain this afternoon. I hope it doesn’t because I don’t want the match to be
cancelled.
A. If it rains, the match is cancelled.
B. If it rains, the match will be cancelled.
C. if it rained, the match would be cancelled.
D. If it had rained, the match would have been cancelled.
Question 11: Unfortunately, I don’t know philosophy, so I can’t answer your question.
A. If I know Philosophy, I can answer your question.
B. If I know Philosophy, I will be able to answer your question.
C. If I knew Philosophy, I would be able to answer your question.
D. If I had known Philosophy, I would have been able to answer your question.
Question 12: We survived that accident because we were wearing our seat belts.
A. But for our seat belts, we would have survived that accident.
B. Had we not been wearing our seat belts, we wouldn't have survived that accident.
C. Without our seat belts, we could have survived that accident.
D. If we weren't wearing our seat belts, we couldn't have survived that accident.
Question 13: They were late for the meeting because of the heavy snow.
A. If it snowed heavily, they would be late for the meeting.
B. Had it not snowed heavily, they would have been late for the meeting.
C. But for the heavy snow, they wouldn't have been late for the meeting.
D. If it didn't snow heavily, they wouldn't be late for the meeting.
Question 14: He was successful in his career thanks to his parents' support.
A. Had it not been for his parents' support, he wouldn't be successful in his career.
B. If his parents hadn't supported him, he wouldn't have been successful in his career.
C. But for his parents' support, he wouldn't be successful in his career.
D. Without his parents' support, he would have been successful in his career.
Question 15: They cancelled all the sporting events because of the heavy rain.
A. Without the heavy rain, they wouldn't cancel all the sporting events.
B. If it hadn't rained heavily, they would have cancelled all the sporting events.
C. If it didn't rain heavily, they wouldn't cancel all the sporting events.
D. Had it not rained heavily, they wouldn't have cancelled all the sporting events.
Question 16: Without my tutor’s help, I couldn’t have made such a good speech.
A. Had my tutor not helped me, I couldn’t make such a good speech.
B. If my tutor didn’t help me, I couldn’t make such a good speech.
C. If it hadn’t been for my tutor’s help, I couldn’t have made such a good speech.
D. If my tutor hadn’t helped me, I could have made such a good speech.
Question 17: He didn’t take his father’s advice. That’s why he is out of work now.
A. If he took his father’s advice, he would not be out of work now.
B. If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not have been out of work now.
C. If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not be out of work now.
D. If he takes his father’s advice, he will not be out of work now.
Question 18: I didn't speak to Anita because I didn't see her.
A. If I saw Anita, I would speak to her.
B. If I had seen Anita, I would have spoken to her.
C. Although I spoke to Anita, I didn't see her.
D. I saw Anita so that I could speak to her.
Question 19: Unless I had seen him doing it, I wouldn't have accused him.
A. I could accuse him because I saw him doing it.
B. I didn't see him doing it, so I couldn't accuse him.
C. I accused him, but I didn't see him doing it.
D. He was accused though I didn't see him doing it.
Question 20: If you had arrived, you would have had the chance of meeting the chairman.
A. You hadn't arrived so you hadn't had the chance of meeting the chairman.
B. You didn't have the chance of meeting the chairman because you didn't arrive.
C. If you arrived, you would the chance of meeting the chairman.
D. You don't arrive so you don't have the chance of meeting the chairman.
Question 21: Get in touch with me as soon as possible if you change your mind about the trip.
A. Should you change your mind about the trip, contact me as soon as possible.
B. If you changed your mind about the trip, get in touch with me as soon as possible.
C. You would call me whether you changed your mind about the trip.
D. Having changed your mind about the trip, you should get in touch with me soon.
Question 22: If it hadn't been for the goalkeeper, our team would have lost.
A. Our team didn't lose the game thanks to the goalkeeper.
B. Our team lost the match because of the goalkeeper.
C. Without the goalkeeper, our team could have won.
D. If the goalkeeper didn't play well, our team would have lost.
Question 23: I didn't know you were coming, so I didn't wait for you.
A. If I had known you were coming, I would wait for you.
B. I would have waited for you if I knew you were coming.
C. Had I known you were coming, I would have waited for you.
D. If you had known you had been coming, I would have waited for you.
Question 24: My friends rang me at the office because they didn't know that I was away.
A. If my friends rang me at the office, they knew that I was away.
B. My friends didn't ring me because they knew that I was away.
C. Had my friends known that I was away, they wouldn't have rung me at the office.
D. Were my friends not to ring me, they knew that I was away.
Question 25: Please let me know if you wish to keep the books any longer.
A. If you should wish to keep the books any longer, please let me know.
B. Should you wish to keep the books any longer, please let me know.
C. Should you wish keep the books any longer, please let me know.
D. Wish you to keep the books any longer, please let me know.
Question 26: It's my opinion that you should take more exercises.
A. If I were you, you would take more exercises.
B. If I were you, I would take more exercises.
C. Had I been you, I would take more exercises.
D. If I were you, I will take more exercises.
Question 27: Had the advertisement for our product been better, more people would have
bought it.
A. Not many people bought our product because it was so bad.
B. Our product was of better quality so that more people would buy it.
C. Fewer people bought our product due to its bad quality.
D. Since our advertisement for our product was so bad, fewer people bought it.
Question 28: If it hadn't been for his carelessness, we would have finished the work.
A. He was careless because he hadn't finished the work.
B. If he was careful, we would finish the work.
C. If he had been more careful, we would have completed the work.
D. Because he wasn't careless, we didn't finish the work.
Question 29: This conference wouldn't have been possible without your organization.
A. Had you not organized this conference, it wouldn't be possible.
B. Your organization made it possible for this conference to take place.
C. But for your organization, this conference would have been possible.
D. If you didn't organize, this conference wouldn't have taken place.
Question 30: She is so busy that she can't come to the party.
A. If she were not so busy, she must come to the party.
B. If she were not so busy, she need to come to the party.
C. If she were not so busy, she could come to the party.
D. If she were not so busy, she should come to the party.