IELTS WRITING

GRAPHS WITH A TREND

The graph below shows consumers’ average annual expenditure on cell
phone, national and international fixed-line and services in America
between 2001 and 2010.
( my mom’s bag = the bag of my mom)

- Không paraphase những đối tượng trong biểu đồ.

Introduction:
The line graph/chart demonstrates/illustrates/depicts/describes the
average yearly spending of consumers on cell phone, national and
international fixed-line and services in the United States during/over a
period of 10 years from 2001/ over the course/timeframe of 10 years
from 2001…
Overview:
[Cách 1: Sử dụng câu phức (ưu tiên)]
As is illustrated/shown from the graph, while A
experienced/recorded/witnessed a rising/upward trend, B
experienced/saw/recorded/witnessed the opposite. In addition/
moreover/besides/furthermore/additionally, C remained
unchanged/stable /steady.
[Cách 2: Sử dụng câu đơn: By contrast/On the contrary …..]

- Tăng trung lập: rise/go up/grow/increase/climb.

- Tăng mạnh: jump/soar/rocket
- Giảm trung lập: fall/decrease/decline/drop/go down
- Giảm mạnh: free fall/plunge/plummet/deep dive
plunge = fall: giảm
- mạnh:significantly/considerably/noticeably/remarkably/
substantially/sharply/steeply
- nhanh: rapidly/quickly
- vừa phải: steadily/moderately/gradually
- nhẹ/yếu: slowly/slightly
thay đổi nhỏ:
- fractional = marginal = minor changes.
không thay đổi:
- cách1:
stay/remain + unchanged/stable/steady/constant/static/stagnant
- cách 2: level off/bottom out/plateau
- cách 3: go through a period of stability

thay đổi nhiều:

- cách 1: fluctuate
- cách 2: widely/deeply erratic
- cách 3: go through a period of fluctuation

An increased
- cách 1: there was an increase in A
- cách 2: A experienced/saw/showed an increase

A decreased significantly
- cách 1: there was a significant decrease in A
- cách 2: A experienced/saw/showed/witnessed/recorded a significant
decrease
approximately/around/at  by dung cho 1 khoảng, at dùng cho 1 số
cụ thể.
2001: 50
2010: 150
A increased/A experienced an increase by 100%/to 150%

follow a similar pattern = have a similar trend

over a period of 9 years
-> over a 9-year period
a six-month course
follow a pattern = had a similar trend
- A and B increased by 9% for the former and 6% for the latter =
respectively
Alternative: sự thay thế
affection = tình cảm  affectionate (adj) = người sống tình cảm
Notion = opinion
Irritation = uncomfortable
I’ll cross that bridge when I come to it = nước đến chân mới nhảy
A child’s play = piece of cake
Sit on the fence = to be in two minds
Against the clock = cố gắng hết sức
Bucket list = danh sách mục tiêu sẽ làm trc khi die
7. honeymoon
8. similarities
9. a month
10. enthusiasm
11. culture clues
12. problem-solving skills
13. Adaptation
SPEAKING
(processs  pờ roa ses)
If you want high mark in speaking test, you should have:
- Lead-in phrase: Ok then, Alright, actually, well as you know, Right
OK, Well,….
- Pointing phrase:
 For the first:
o …the first thing I should mention that…
o …the main thing you need to know is that
o …my initial pint would be that..
 For the second:
o On top of that I can also add that…
o As well as that, I could say that…
 For the third
o I guess I could also remark on the fact that…
o Something else that I need to comment on is
that
o And I shouldn’t forget to mention that…

- Winding street: con đường ngoằn ngoèo

- Suburb = outskirt  leafy suburbs = vùng ngoại ô nhiều cây
- Rural idyll = quite backwater = in the middle of nowhere = nơi khỉ ho
cò gáy/ xa xôi hẻo lánh.
- Apartment complex = khu phức hợp
- Ancient = cổ kính
- Nostalgistic = hoài niệm/ hoài cổ (for a building)
- Residential area: khu dân cư
- Contemporary = đương thời
- Estate = bất động sản
- Sprawling = enormous
- Distinctive = different = khác biệt
- Regionally important = vùng quan trọng
- Provincial (adj) = thuộc về tỉnh
- Run down = in bad condition = tồi tàn/ xuống cấp
- Up-market/ chie (síc) = fashionable = luxurious
 - At the heart of the city = in the central of the city
- Facilities = amenities (ơ men ni tiz) = tiện nghi
- Profession = occupation = job
- Assume responsibilities for = take responsibilities for = chịu trách
nhiệm
- Hectic (hắc tíc z) =
- Bustle and hustle (n) = sự nhộn nhịp/ náo nhiệt
- Bustling (a): nhộn nhịp/náo nhiệt
- Undemanding  không có nhu cầu
- Work flat out = work very hard
- On the go = very busy = up to neck = To be snowed under
- Get to the bottom of = solve the problem
- Pull out all the stops = make a special effort
- Take charge of = manage
- Pick up the pieces = take responsibilities
- Discipline = kỉ luật or môn học
- Lecturer = giảng viên
- Branch of learning = ngành học
- Theory = lý thuyết  theoretical = thuộc về lý thuyết
- Comprehend = hiểu
- Hands – on = practical = thực tế.
- Reputable = nổi tiếng = famous
- Highly regarded = được đánh giá cao
- Compulsory = mandatory= bắt buộc >< optional
- Pass with flying colours
- Sail through = finish st easily and quickly
- To flunk = fail ( speaking only)

Well, as you know acedamy of finance have very good reputation on

training auditing which I currently study in. the first thing that I
could mention that auditing major focuses on providing high
academic knowledge about financial risk assessment and effective
business management.
Listening
Go beyond = pass by = go past= đi qua
Roundabout = bùng binh
Branch off = turn = rẽ

(She is a student = she constitutes a student văn viết)

Account for = make up = represent = (constitute + %)
Account for the highest percentage = made up the lion’s share = to be
the largest contributor = make up the most significant contribution.

While = whereas (đứng đầu câu or giữa câu)

= although = however

By a narrow margin = a little bit =

By X% = by a margin of x% = by a staggering a% (a thường là 1 số lớn)

A doubled B / A was double than B

= A was twice as much/high/great as B

= there was a twofold between A and B

A was approximately/ roughly as much/high as B
= A far outstripped/ outnumbered/exceeded B = A was larger than B
A produces/ consumes…the same amount/number/quantity of N as B.
( amount  ko đếm được, number  đếm đc)
A ranks/stands first/second/third/last
A is the [second/third] largest/smallest/ most significant/ most
productive/………+ N
12,1% = just over 12 percent = a little more than 12%
11,9%= just below 12% =nearly 12% = a little less than 12%
146kg = almost 150kg = nearly 150kg = less than 150kg
Formed
X Accounted for Y% of ……..
Was responsible for
Comprised
 X Contributed Y% to…….

One standout point = striking feature

Altogether = collectively = cộng lại với nhau
Hefty/ 80%
Minimal/ tiny 4%
The pie charts illustrate information about the distinctive in
consuming foods between Chinese, Indian and citizen from other
countries in the world.
As is shown from the graph, while the consumption of processed
food and vegetable and fruits made up the lion shares, that of =the
figure for nuts and seeds accounted for the least percentage.
1. D
2. B
3. A
4. G
5. c
6. i
7. e
8. H
9. F
Finding: sự khám phá
Feature: đặc điểm
Speech = presentation
Organization = structure
Mind point
Sequence =
Went down well = popular
A,D
B,E

5.D
6.F
7.E
8.C
9. mobile phone
10. Digital Recorder

Bottom left-hand side: ở phía dưới bên tay trái

Top right-hand side: ở phía trên bên tay phải

A is to the west/left of B
B is to the east/right of A

In close proximity to = close to

Long distance away from =
Parallel = song song

Renovated: tân trang

Reconstructed: xây lại/ tái thiết
Replace = take place of = superseded = thay thế ~ B was demolished
to make way for
Knocked down = flattened = demolished
Be cut down = chopped down
Cleared ( to make way for) = dành diện tích cho cái gì đó
Planted
Corresponding reduction = sự giảm đi tương ứng ….
The town witnessed a spectacular development/ dramatic changes
with significant increase in A and remarkable decrease in B

 In 1990, the town was surrounded by mountains with a

large river flowing from north to south.
= The town was nestled amidst mountains in 1990, traversed
by a grand river flowing from north to south.
= In 1990, the town was a picturesque setting, encircled by
mountains and bisected by a mighty river flowing north to
south.
= The town was ensconced in a mountainous region in 1990,
with a substantial river coursing through it from north to
south.
Bao quanh: surrounded by, encircled by, bordered by
Núi: mountains
Con sông lớn: a large river, a mighty river, a major river
Chảy qua: flowing through, traversing, bisecting
 The dam's construction wrought a radical change on
the town, with primeval forests and historic structures
giving way to an immense reservoir.
= The town underwent a dramatic transformation after the
dam was constructed, leading to the replacement of ancient
forests and structures with a vast reservoir.
= The construction of the dam brought about a radical
change to the town, as ancient forests and structures were
sacrificed to create a massive reservoir.
= The building of the dam resulted in a significant shift in the
town's landscape, with ancient forests and structures being
replaced by a large reservoir.
= The town's ancient forests and structures were replaced by
a vast reservoir following the construction of the dam.
= The dam's construction had a profound impact on the
town, transforming it by flooding ancient forests and
structures and creating a massive reservoir.
Bumpy = đường xóc, gập gềnh
Work out =
Comedian:
Amuse:
Stock-buying= hoạt động mua cổ phiếu
Copycat: hay đi bắt trước người khác
Conversational (v): có khả năng nói chuyện
Acquisition: sự tiếp nhận
Master: thành thục
Sequence: thứ tự
Albeit = tuy nhiên ( ex: …..but it’s faster = …..albeit at a faster speed)
Neglect = ignore
Negligible = nhỏ đến mức phải phớt lờ
Negligibly = rất nhỏ
Practice makes perfects =

Better late than never: làm cái gì đó muộn còn hơn không làm
Draw a blank = forget
Put one’s thinking cap on = rack one’s brain = suy nghĩ kĩ lưỡng

1.Disliking question.
Step 1: Lead-in phrases
Ex: well I love my city, however,

Not (really/so) keen on/ fond of/ passionate about : diễn tả sự không
thích.
Loathe = can’t stand = detest
To be more precise: cụ thể hơn là…
This is due to the fact
Have sth to do with st
Ex: I have story related to my brain = I have a story which have
something to do with my brain

Far =
Touristic
1 miêu tả khu phố đẹp: breathtaking/ picturesque
Touristic
dynamic
and I would have choose ……
…..and my choice is going to be ….
…..and I’d have go for …..

It depend on ……..
Ngon: appetizing: hấp dẫn = tempting
I’m addicted to tradition Vietnamese food, and this kind of food is
my cup of tea, so that’s the reason
Accommodating = welcoming
Money: quality justifies the bill/ reasonable cost/ cater for student’s
budget
 1. S + be located in/ be situated in/ be positioned/ lies  location
2. S + expended/extended/enlarged  the change, movement or
stability
3. S + remain + intact / still exist
4. S’s total length is … km
House # Housing
 Housing = accommodation  nhà nói chung
 House = ngôi nhà
Dùng although và while để miêu tả sự tương phản tương tự như graphs
Cater for = phục vụ cho
Prominent = striking = nổi bật
 A herd of dairy cows: 1 đàn bò sữa
Pasture = field = đồng cỏ
Ordinary = normal
Amateur: nghiệp dư >< professional
Quotation: trích dẫn
Eye-catching: bắt mắt  speaking only
I have interest = I’m of interest ( C2)
Milk (V): vắt sữa
Shrink: co lại, ngắn lại

The picture/diagram ….illustrates the manufacture of milk and diary

for sale to consumers.

Cách 1: there are … steps/stages/phases involved in the process.

Starting/beginning/commencing with….and ending with/finishing
with/ (culminating in)….
Cách 2: The process is composed of/comprised….
Steps/phases/stage…..
( số dưới mười phải viết chữ)

The initial stage in the process is…..

Following this/ at the next step/ the next stage begin with
The process ends with/…

….where further processes are applied to it in order to

Purchase by the general public
Ultimately = Finally
Developmental phases:
….while subsequent stage include….
…when this stage is complete…
...the next stage is st to do st…
The picture demonstrates the manufacture of leather
products/merchandise .
As is illustrated from the diagram, the process is composed of ten
stages, commencing with animal skin being dried and culminating
in leather goods being ready for purchase.
In the first three stage, animal skin is dried in open spaces, after
which it is transported/delivered/shipped by truck to a factory
where further processes are applied.
Subsequently/when this stage is complete, animal skin is soaked
into a combination of water and lime\
Back to the drawing board: start over
Break the internet: very famous on social media
Go without saying = actually
Of course, it goes without saying that
… There’s quite a mixed variety of …
… There’s quite a wide range of …
But I guess the most….. would probably be….
Yet I imagine the most …may be

Influential: mang lại sức ảnh hưởng lớn

With-it = connected: có liên quan
Hip (adj)=trendy
Notorious: tai tiếng
Notably:
Conventional: truyền thống
Conservative: bảo thủ
Pivotal = crcucial = very important
Prevalent: tràn lan, phổ biến
Commonly-use

And the basis of this is that

The thing with …… that

Another kind of …would be

A subsequent category would be something like

And the main characteristic of …is that

And the unique aspect of …. Is that…
The best bet = the best choice (Speaking only)

Likewise, as might be expected, there’s things like…..although

these are not as widely-used as the first two that I mentioned.

―Of course, It goes without saying there’s quite an extensive

diversity of....(topic) Still, I suspect that the most common sport
could perhaps be football And what you have to realise with...
( type1) is that... In fact/ so/ but/ because ...(detail)
Another form of ....(topic) worth mentioning could be... (type 2)
And the main characteristic of ...(type 2) is that ...(detail) (+ linking
word/ complex structure)
An naturally, there’s things like (type2 or 3 other types)‖

Squad = team
Get lean = get fit
Strenous: căng thẳng
Energizing = revitalizing
Crack:
Get into shape = get fit
Administer punishment = đưa ra hình phạt với ai đó
Corporal punish
Monotonous: buồn chán
Thought-provoking:
Authoritarian

F
T
NG
T
F
NG

sizes
Massages
Web surfing
Attention

Bloggers
Scientific research
Nature