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Group Work Ethics Group 14

HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system and can progress to AIDS if untreated, but with effective management, it is now considered a chronic health condition. Tanzania has seen a significant impact from HIV/AIDS since the first cases were reported in 1983, with women and girls being disproportionately affected. Preventive measures and treatment options are crucial for managing the disease, and ongoing efforts aim to reduce the prevalence and improve the quality of life for those living with HIV.

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12 views6 pages

Group Work Ethics Group 14

HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system and can progress to AIDS if untreated, but with effective management, it is now considered a chronic health condition. Tanzania has seen a significant impact from HIV/AIDS since the first cases were reported in 1983, with women and girls being disproportionately affected. Preventive measures and treatment options are crucial for managing the disease, and ongoing efforts aim to reduce the prevalence and improve the quality of life for those living with HIV.

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Surayya
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HIV/AIDS pandemics

HIV is a virus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically


the white blood cells called CD4 cells. Without treatment, HIV can
progress to an advanced stage called AIDS. However, with access to
effective HIV prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care, HIV
infection has become a manageable chronic health condition. AIDS is
the most advanced stage of the disease, which stand for the acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome

THE BACK GRPUND OF HIV/AIDS


HIV/AIDS is a pandemic disease whereby is thought to have originated in West Africa in
1930s in a country knows as Democratic republic of Congo.
In 1981 doctor in the US began reporting high rate of rare cancers and pneumonia in
young men. This disease was initially called gay related immune deficiency (GRID).
Tanzania historical background about the HIV and AIDS
First cases
The first three HIV cases in Tanzania were diagnosed in 1983 in the Kagera region. A
population-based survey was carried out in the Kagera region of the United Republic of
Tanzania in 1987 to determine the magnitude of HIV-1 infection and to study associated
risk factors. The region was divided into one urban and three rural zones. A multistage
cluster sampling technique was adopted
National HIV/AIDS Control Programme
The Government of Tanzania created the National HIV/AIDS Control Programme
(NACP) with technical support from the World Health Organization's Global Programme
on AIDS (WHO-GPA).

Tanzania HIV/AIDS Indicator Survey


The first population-based survey on HIV/AIDS in Tanzania was conducted in 2003-04.
HIV prevalence
In 2021, the adult HIV prevalence in Tanzania was estimated at 4.5%. The prevalence
varies by region, from 0.5% in Zanzibar to 11.4% in Njombe.
Women and girls

Women and girls are disproportionately affected by HIV, with adolescent girls and young
women accounting for 80% of new HIV infections.

Global priority country

Tanzania is a global priority country for HIV prevention and treatment.

Partnerships

The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) works with the Government
of Tanzania and other partners to mitigate the impact of HIV in Tanzania.

Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation

EGPAF provides technical assistance to help Tanzanian children access HIV prevention,
care, and treatment services

The national HIV prevalence estimate translates to approximately 1.5 million people aged
15 years and older living with HIV in Tanzania.”
“The survey also showed new HIV infections continue to decline in Tanzania

CAUSES OF HIV/AIDS
1. Through unsafe sexual intercourse
2. Through bloody transfusion
3. Through sharing of sharp tools. Examples razorblade, needles
4. During delivery of a mother
5. poor socio-cultural practices. Examples female genital mutilation, wife inheritance
SIGNS/SYMTOMS OF HIV/AIDS
These signs are grouped into three categories as early stage, chronic stage and advanced
stages
1: EARLY STAGE
I. fever
II. fatigue
III. night sweet
IV. sore throats
V. muscle aches
VI. swollen lymph nodes
VII. Rash

2: CHRONIC STAGE
In this stage the virus active but reproduces in low level. Some many experiences
mild symptoms like swollen lymph nodes or recurrent infections
In this stages the virus remains actives but but reproduced at low level

3: ADVANCED STAGE
 Skin issues (Rashes, sores)
 Chronic diarrhea
 Saver loss of weight
 Persistent fever or night sweats
 Extreme fatigue
 Frequent infections (tuberculosis etc.)

EFFECTS /IMPACTS OF HIV/AIDS


These effects are describes as follows
1: PHYSICAL HEALTH IMPACTS
I. Weakened immune systems
II. Opportunistic infections
III. Chronic illness
IV. Death
SOCCIENTAL EFFECTS
I. Children of parents with HIV/AIDS my become orphans, face social exclusion.
II. Relationships may suffer due to fear, mistrust or challenges of again the disease
together.
III. Families may face financial burdens

ECONOMIC EFFECTS
I. High medical costs for antiretroviral therapy (ART).
II. Loss of income.
III. Reduce workforce.
IV. Increase health care expenditure for government
V. Slower the economics growth
IMPACTS ON THE SOCIETY
I. Heath care system strain.
II. Education sector.
III. Cultural and demographic shifts.

PREVANTIVE MEASURES OF HIV/AIDS


I. Safe sexual practices.
This includes use of condoms; limit sexual partner sand regular testing.
II. Preventing bloody transfusion.
Examples screen bloody donations, avoid needles or syringes.
III. Mother to child prevention
E.g. breastfeeding, pregnancy, delivery
IV. use of medication
E.g. Pre exposure prophylaxis (PrED), post-Exposure prophylaxis (PED)
V. Health care safety measures.
VI. Education and awareness
VII. Testing and early treatment
Therefore HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a significant global health
challenge, but continued efforts, we can achieve a world free from HIV/AIDS.
people who are recently diagnosed may find it hard to take that first step to
getting into HIV medical care. But the best thing people with HIV can do for
their health is to get into care and start treatment with HIV medicine as soon
as possible. By starting HIV medicine, sticking to a treatment plan, and
staying in care, people with HIV can reduce the HIV in their blood to an
undetectable level. That’s a level so low it can’t be detected in a standard test.
People with HIV who take HIV medicine exactly as prescribed and get and
keep an undetectable viral load can live long and healthy lives and will not
transmit HIV to their HIV-negative partners through sex.

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