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Lesson 2 - Vowels - monophthongs.docx (1)

The document provides an overview of monophthongs in English, detailing the 12 distinct sounds categorized into long and short vowels. It includes examples of words for each vowel sound, illustrating their usage in various positions within words. This information is aimed at aiding preparation for a national high school exam.

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Duẩn Nguyễn Văn
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38 views4 pages

Lesson 2 - Vowels - monophthongs.docx (1)

The document provides an overview of monophthongs in English, detailing the 12 distinct sounds categorized into long and short vowels. It includes examples of words for each vowel sound, illustrating their usage in various positions within words. This information is aimed at aiding preparation for a national high school exam.

Uploaded by

Duẩn Nguyễn Văn
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL EXAM PREPARATION

I. MONOPHTHONGS

- There are 12 monophthong in English: /ɪ/, /i:/, /ʊ/, /u:/, /e/, /ɜ:/, /ə/, /ɔ:/, /ɑ:/, /ɒ/, /ʌ/,

/æ/.

- Monophthongs mean one sound or single sound.

- Monophthongs can be found in any part of a word. However, they are often found in

the middle of a word.

- You can find monophthongs at the beginning and end of a word. For example, in

words like after, and lazy.

- Monophthongs are also divided into long and short.

+ Long monophthongs: are vowels with long pronunciation.

There are 5 long monophthongs: /i:/ - leaf, /u:/ - cool, /ɜ:/ - bird, /ɔ:/ - all, /ɑ:/ - calm.

+ Short monophthongs: are vowels with a 'short' sound, which means that they are

not extended sounds.

There are 7 short vowels: /ɪ/ - sit, /ʊ/ - boot, /e/ - bed, /ə/ - letter, /æ/ - rat,

/ʌ/ - bus, /ɒ/ - pot.


NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL EXAM PREPARATION

II. SAMPLE WORDS FOR MONOPHTHONGS


Long vowel /i:/ (Nguyên âm dài /i:/)

Sheep /ʃiːp/ Agree /əˈɡriː/


See /siː/ Complete /kəmˈpliːt/
Bean /biːn/ Receive /rɪˈsiːv/
Eat /iːt/ Believe /bɪˈliːv/
Key /kiː/ Vietnamese /vjetnəˈmiːz/

Short vowel /ɪ/ (Nguyên âm ngắn /ɪ/)

Bin /bɪn/ Begin /bɪˈɡɪn/


Fish /fɪʃ/ Minute /ˈmɪnɪt/
Him /hɪm/ Dinner /ˈdɪnə/
Gym /dʒɪm/ Chicken /ˈtʃɪkɪn/
Six /sɪks/ Fifty /ˈfɪfti/

Short Vowel /ʊ/ (Nguyên âm ngắn /ʊ/)

Put /pʊt/ Sugar /'ʃʊgər/


Wolf /wʊlf/ Woman /'wʊmən/
Foot /fʊt/ Cooker /'kʊker/
Should /ʃʊd/ Cushion /'kʊʃn/
Good /gʊd/ Butcher /'bʊtʃər/

Long vowel /u:/ (Nguyên âm dài /u:/)

Too /tuː/ Recruit /rɪˈkruːt/


Food /fuːd/ Lunar /ˈluːnər/
Soon /suːn/ Remove /rɪˈmuːv/
Route /ruːt/ Bamboo /bæmˈbuː/
Flute /fluːt/ Music /'mjuːzɪk/

Short vowel /e/ (Nguyên âm ngắn /e/)

Check /tʃek/ Member /'membər/


Head /hed/ Jealous /'dʒeləs/
Scent /sent/ Ready /'redi/
Met /met/ Many /'meni/
Bell /bel/ Breakfast /'brekfəst/

Short vowel /ə/ (Nguyên âm ngắn /ə/)


NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL EXAM PREPARATION

Ago /əˈɡəʊ/ Mother /ˈmʌðər/


Open /ˈəʊpən/ Picture /ˈpɪktʃər/
Sofa /səʊˈfə/ Banana /bəˈnænə/
Around /əˈraʊnd/ Famous /ˈfeɪməs/
Zebra /ˈziːbrə/ Accident /ˈæksɪdənt/

Long vowel /ɜ:/ (Nguyên âm dài /ɜ:/)

occur /əˈkɜːr/
bird /bɜːrd/
early /ˈɜːrli/
turn /tɜːrn/
thirty /ˈθɜːrti/
first /fɜːrst/
journey /ˈdʒɜːrni/
work /wɜːrk/
worship /ˈwɜːrʃɪp/
verb /vɜːrb/
curtain /ˈkɜːrtn/

Long vowel /ɔ:/ (Nguyên âm dài /ɔ:/)

ball /bɔːl/ water /ˈwɔːtə/


saw /sɔː/ daughter /ˈdɔːtə/
talk /tɔːk/ corner /ˈkɔːrnə/
short /ʃɔːrt/ before /bɪˈfɔːr/
door /dɔːr/ autumn /ˈɔːtəm/

Short vowel /æ/ (Nguyên âm ngắn /æ/ )

Cat /kæt/ Candle /ˈkændl/


Bag /bæg/ Narrow /ˈnærəʊ/
Black /blæk/ Latter /ˈlætər/
Hand /hænd/ Captain /ˈkæptn/
Map /mæp/ Manner /ˈmænər/

Short vowel /ʌ/ (Nguyên âm ngắn /ʌ/)

Cut /kʌt/ Sunny /'sʌni/


Hug /hʌg/ Money /'mʌni/
Gun /gʌn/ Among /əˈmʌŋ/
Some /sʌm/ Wonder/ˈwʌndər/
Dove /dʌv/ Nothing /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

Long vowel /ɑ:/ (Nguyên âm dài /ɑ:/)


NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL EXAM PREPARATION

Card /kɑːrd/ Father /'fɑːðər/


Start /stɑːrt/ Sharpen /'ʃɑːrpən/
Bar /bɑːr/ Garden /'gɑːrdən/
Guard /gɑːrd/ Artist /'ɑːrtɪst/
Aunt /ɑːnt/ Tomato /təˈmaːtəʊ/

Short vowel /ɒ/ (Nguyên âm ngắn /ɒ/)

Dog /dɒg/ Hobby /'hɒbi/


Box /bɒks/ Coffee /'kɒfi/
Job /dʒɒb/ Sorry /'sɒri/
Cost /kɒst/ Doctor/ˈdɒktə/
Clock /klɒk/ Impossible /ɪmˈpɒsəbl/

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