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Ratio, Proportion and

Unitary Method
I. Choose the correct option:
1. A school starts at 9:30 a.m. and gets over at 1:00 p.m. If there are two breaks of 20 minutes and 15
minutes respectively, then find the ratio of the break time to the total time the students spend at school.
a. 3:7 b. 2:7 c. 1:7 d. 1:6 Ans

2. Swayam International school organised a field trip for secondary section.

Bus 1 has 4 teachers and 28 students
Bus 2 has 5 teachers and 65 students
Bus 3 has 2 teachers and 30 students
Bus 4 has 3 teachers and 24 students
Which of the buses has the least teacher student ratio?
a. Bus 1 b. Bus 2 c. Bus 3 Ans d. Bus 4
3. Bilal drew a line segment AB of length 28 cm. He marked a point O on the line segment AB such that
AO : OB = 3 : 4. Which of the following should be considered as the length of OB?
a. 7 cm b. 12 cm c. 14 cm d. 16 cm Ans

4. Mr Joshi conducted a survey of 40 students whether his students like English class, Math class, both, or
neither. The results are shown in the table. Given the data, mark the correct statements.

English Math

Like 24 30

Don’t like 16 10

a. The ratio of those who don’t like English class to those who like English class is 3 : 2. Ans
b. The ratio of those who like English class to those who like Math class is 4 : 5.
c. The ratio of those who don’t like Math class to those who like English class is 8 : 5.
d. The ratio of those who don’t like Math class to those who like Math class is 3 : 1.
5. A librarian decides to update his library. He counted and notice that the ratio of Science books to English
literature books is same as the ratio of English literature books to Mathematics books. If there are 400
English literature books and 250 Mathematics books, then find the number of Science books.
a. 800 b. 640 Ans c. 540 d. 25

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II. Do as directed:
1. Represent the following as the ratio of the first number to the second number and express in the simplest
form.
a. 24, 45 b. 32, 64

8 : 15 1:2

c. 60, 100 d. 75, 120

3:5 5:8

2. Determine if the following ratios form a proportion.

a. 40 cm : 1 m :: ` 12 : ` 30 b. 25 g : 30 g and 40 kg : 48 kg

Yes Yes

c. 45 minutes : 2 hours :: 30 minutes : 3 hours d. 54 litres : 90 litres :: 32 m : 60 m

No No

3. Compare the given ratios and find which is greater.

a. 3 : 5 and 2 : 7 b. 7 : 4 and 10 : 3

>
<

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 c. 1 : 8 and 2 : 9 d. 9 : 14 and 5 : 8

< >

4. Complete the table with appropriate numbers such that the corresponding ratios are equivalent ratios.

Antecedent 2 8 10
22 24
30

Consequent 9 36 45 99 108 135

5. Arrange the numbers in each set such that they are in proportion.
a. 16, 2, 7, 56 b. 54, 8, 6, 72

2, 7, 16, 57 6, 8, 54, 72

III. Answer the following:

1. A group of 30 girls and boys have planned a picnic. If the ratio of girls to boys is 3 : 7, then find the
number of boys going for the picnic.

21

2. Nitin gets 35 out of 50 marks in a test and Jatin gets 78 out of 100. Who has performed better?

Jatin

3. The ratio of income to expenditure of Ratan is 7 : 4. If he saves ` 6000 a month, find his income.

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 4. A rope of length 48 cm weighs 288 g. What will be the weight of a rope of length 23 cm?

138 g

5. Harita divides her collection of 180 marbles among her friends Satish, Raju and Hema in the ratio
2 : 3 : 5. How many marbles did each receive?

36, 54, 90

6. An employee earns ` 72,000 in 3 months.

a. How much does he earn in 7 months? b. In how many months will he earn ` 3,60,000?
a.
1,68,000

b.
15 months

Assertion and Reasoning

In each of the questions given below, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Mark your answer as per the options provided below:
1. Assertion (A): 18 : 30 is equivalent to 3 : 5.
Reason (R): We can get equivalent ratios by multiplying or dividing the numerator and denominator by the
same number.
a. Both A and R is true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b. Both A and R is true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

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 2. Assertion (A): 25 km : 60 km :: ₹ 18 : ₹ 45
Reason (R): If two ratios are equal, we say that they are in proportion and use the symbol ‘:’ or ‘=’ to equate
the two ratios.
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. Ans
b. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c. A is true but R is false.
d. A is false but R is true.

Case Study

Rajiv received ` 12,000 as a Diwali bonus, out of which he spent ` 2,000 on shopping. He then made a fixed
deposit of the remaining amount of his bonus for one month. After a month, he received ` 2500 as an interest.
Read the above case carefully and answer the following questions.
1. What is the ratio of amount deposited to the interest earned?
a. 1:2 b. 1 : 25 c. 1:4 d. 4 : 1 Ans
2. What is the ratio of amount spent on shopping to the amount deposited in the bank?
a. 1:6 b. 1 : 5 Ans c. 1:4 d. 5:1
3. What sum of money should he deposit in the bank to get ` 1050 as an interest?
a. ` 2100 b. ` 4200 Ans c. ` 4500 d. ` 4600
4. If Rajiv deposited ` 18000 in the bank, what amount he should get as an interest?
a. ` 200 b. ` 2500 c. ` 3600 d. ` 4500 Ans

Fun with Math

Solve the following crossword. One entry has been done for you.
1
Across
2
3. Three boxes of chocolates weigh 18 kg. 5

What is the weight of 5 such boxes? 3

T H I R T Y
4. The first, third and fourth term of
a proportion are 16, 24 and 30. Find the
4
8
second proportional.
6. Ratios which are obtained by multiplying
or dividing the numerator and the 6

denominator by the same number

7. Comparison of two quantities by division

Down
1. First and last terms of a proportion 7

2. Value of x in the proportion 7 : 4 :: 105 : x

5. First term of a ratio
8. Second and third terms of a proportion

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