·· TG ~ @bohring_bot

ALLEN Ionic Equilibrium 43

EXERCISE # S-I
IONIZATION CONSTANTS AND pH
Q.1 Calculate the number of H+ present in one ml of solution whose pH is 13.
IE0001
Q.2 (i) Kw for H2 O is 9 × 10–14 at 60°C. What is pH of water at 60°C. (log 3 = 0.47)
IE0002
(ii) What is the nature of solution at 60°C whose
IE0003
(a) pH = 6.7 (b) pH = 6.35
Q.3 The value of Kw at the physiological temperature (37°C) is 2.56 × 10–14. What is the pH at the neutral
point of water at this temperature? (log 2 = 0.3)
IE0004
Q.4 Calculate pH of following solutions :
(a) 0.1 M HCl IE0005
(b) 0.1 M CH3COOH (Ka= 1.8 × 10–5) (log 1.8 = 0.13 ) IE0006
(c) 0.1 M NH4OH (Kb= 1.8 × 10–5) IE0007
(d) 10–8 M HCl [ 401 = (20.02)] [log 1.051 = 0.03] IE0008
(e) 10–10 M NaOH IE0009
(f) 10–6 M CH3COOH (Ka= 1.8 × 10–5) IE0010
(g) 10–8 M CH3COOH (Ka= 1.8 × 10–5) [ 401 = (20.02)] [log 1.051 = 0.03] IE0011
(h) Decimolar solution of Baryta (Ba(OH)2), diluted 100 times. (log2 = 0.3) IE0012
(i) 10–3 mole of KOH dissolved in 100 L of water. IE0013
(j) Equal volume of HCl solution (PH = 4) + 0.0019 N HCl solution IE0014
Q.5 Calculate :
(a) Ka for a monobasic acid whose 0.10 M solution has pH of 4.50.
(b) Kb for a monoacidic base whose 0.10 M solution has a pH of 10.50.
IE0015
Q.6 Calculate the ratio of degree of dissociation (a2/a1) when an acetic acid solution is diluted
100 times. Assume a < < 1, even on dilution. [Given Ka=10–5 M]
IE0016
Q.7 Calculate the ratio of degree of dissociation of acetic acid and hydrocyanic acid (HCN) in 1 M their
respective solution of acids.[Given K a(CH COOH) = 1.8 ´10-5 ; K a(HCN) = 6 ´10-10 ]
3
IE0017
node06\B0B0-BA\Kota\JEE(Advanced)\Enthuse\Chemistry\Sheet\Ionic Equilibrium\Eng\02. Ex.p65

Q.8 How many moles of HCl must be removed from 1 litre of aqueous HCl solution to change its pH from
2 to 3 ?
IE0018
Q.9 pH of a dilute solution of HCl is 6.95. Calculate molarity of HCl solution.

é10-6.95 = 11.22 ´10-8 ù

ê -7.05 ú
ëê10 = 8.90 ´10-8 ûú
IE0205
Q.10 The pH of aqueous solution of ammonia is 10. Find molarity of solution. Kb (NH4OH) = 10–5.
IE0019

E
·· TG ~ @bohring_bot

44 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN
Q.11 The solution of weak monoprotic acid which is 0.01 M, has pH = 3. Calculate Ka of weak acid.
IE0020
Q.12 Boric acid is a weak monobasic acid. It ionizes in water as

B(OH)3 + H2O ‡ˆˆˆˆ† B(OH ) -4 + H+ : Ka = 8 × 10–10

Calculate pH of 0.5 M boric acid.
IE0021
MIXTURE OF TWO OR MORE ACIDS / BASES
Q.13 The pH of the solution produced when an aqueous solution of strong acid pH 5 is mixed with equal
volume of an aqueous solution of strong acid of pH 3 is :-
IE0022
Q.14 Calculate pH of following solutions : [log 0.3 = – 0.522]
(a) 0.1 M H2SO4 (50 ml) + 0.4 M HCl 50 (ml)
(b) 0.1 M HA + 0.1 M HB [ Ka (HA) = 5 × 10–5 ; Ka (HB) = 4 × 10–5 ]
IE0023
–5
Q.15 Calculate pH of a solution containing 0.1M HA (Ka = 10 ) & 0.1 M HCl.
IE0024
Q.16 Calculate [H+] and [CHCl2COO-] in a solution that is 0.01 M in HCl and 0.01 M in CHCl2COOH.
Take (Ka = 3 × 10–2) ( 28 = 5.3)
IE0206
Q.17 Calculate [H+], [CH3 COO–] and –]
[ C7 H5O2 in a solution that is 0.2 M in acetic acid and 0.1M in
benzoic acid. Ka(acetic) = 1.8 × 10–5 , Ka (benzoic) = 5.4 × 10–5.
IE0207
POLYPROTIC ACIDS & BASES
Q.18 What are the concentration of H+, H2C2O4, HC2O -4 and C 2O 24- in a 0.1 M solution of oxalic acid ?

[K1 = 10–2 M and K2 = 10–5 M ] éë 41 = 6.4 ùû

IE0025
Q.19 Calculate [H+], [H2PO4- ], [HPO42-] and [PO43-] in a 0.01M solution of H3PO4.
Take K1 = 10-3, K2 = 10-8 , K3 = 10-13, 41 = 6.4
IE0208
Q.20 Calculate pH of 0.2 M – B(OH)2 solution.
(Kb = 2 × 10–5 ; Kb = 4 × 10–11, log2 = 0.3)
1 2
IE0026
HYDROLYSIS
node06\B0B0-BA\Kota\JEE(Advanced)\Enthuse\Chemistry\Sheet\Ionic Equilibrium\Eng\02. Ex.p65

Q.21 What is the OH- concentration of a 0.18 M solution of CH3COONa. [Ka(CH3COOH)=1.8 × 10-5]
IE0027
Q.22 Calculate the pH of a 2.0 M solution of NH4Cl. [Kb (NH3 ) = 2 × 10-5]
IE0028
Q.23 0.25 M solution of pyridinium chloride C5H6 N+Cl- was found to have a pH of 2.699. What is Kb for
pyridine, C5H5N ? (log2 = 0.3010)
IE0029
Q.24 Calculate the extent of hydrolysis & the pH of 0.02 M CH3COONH4.
[Kb (NH3)= 1.8 × 10-5, Ka(CH3COOH)=1.8 × 10-5]
IE0030

E
·· TG ~ @bohring_bot

ALLEN Ionic Equilibrium 45

Q.25 Calculate the percent hydrolysis in a 0.06 M solution of KCN. [Ka(HCN) = 6 × 10-10]
IE0031
Q.26 Calculate the extent of hydrolysis of 0.005 M K2CrO4. [K2 = 3.2 × 10-7 for H2CrO4]
(It is essentially strong for first ionization).
IE0209
Q.27 A 0.010 M solution of PuO2(NO3)2 was found to have a pH of 4.0. What is the hydrolysis constant, Kh,
for PuO 22+ ,and what is Kb for PuO2OH+ ?
IE0210
Q.28 What is the pH of 0.1M NaHCO3? K1 = 5 × 10-7, K2 = 5 × 10-11 for carbonic acids.
IE0032
Q.29 Calculate pH of 0.05M potassium hydrogen phthalate, KHC8H4O4.
ˆˆ† H3O+ + HC8H4O4-
H2C8H4O4 + H2O ‡ˆˆ pK1 = 2.94

ˆˆ† H3O+ + C8H 4O 24-

HC8H4O4- + H2O ‡ˆˆ pK2 = 5.44
IE0211
Q.30 The acid ionization (hydrolysis) constant of Zn2+ is 1.0 × 10–9
(a) Calculate the pH of a 0.001 M solution of ZnCl2
(b) What is the basic dissociation constant of Zn(OH)+?
IE0033
BUFFER SOLUTION
Q.31 Calculate the pH of solution containing 0.1M - HCN and 0.1M - NaCN. Ka of HCN = 10–9
IE0034
Q.32 Calculate the pH of solution containing 0.2 M - NH4OH and 0.1 M – NH4Cl. Kb of NH4OH
= 1.8 × 10–5. (log2 = 0.3, log 1.8 = 0.26)
IE0035
Q.33 0.4 mole CH3COONa is added in 500 ml 0.4 M –CH3COOH solutions. What is the pH of final solution
? Ka of CH3COOH = 1.8 × 10–5. (log2 = 0.3, log 1.8 = 0.26).
IE0036
Q.34 A buffer of pH 9.26 is made by dissolving x moles of ammonium sulphate and 0.1 mole of ammonia into
100 mL solution. If pKb of ammonia is 4.74, calculate value of x.
IE0037
Q.35 Determine [OH–] of a 0.050 M solution of ammonia to which sufficient NH4Cl has been added to make
the total [ NH +4 ] equal to 0.100.[ K b ( NH3 ) =1.8 × 10–5, pKb = 4.74]
IE0038
node06\B0B0-BA\Kota\JEE(Advanced)\Enthuse\Chemistry\Sheet\Ionic Equilibrium\Eng\02. Ex.p65

Q.36 Calculate the pH of a solution containing 0.2 M HCO3– and 0.1 M CO32–
[K1(H2CO3 ) = 4 × 10-7 ; K2 (HCO3– ) = 4 × 10-11]
IE0039
Q.37 Calculate the pH of a solution prepared by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.200 M HC2H3O2 and 50.0 mL of
0.100 M NaOH.[ K a (CH3COOH) =1.8 × 10–5, pKa = 4.74]
IE0040
Q.38 50 mL of 0.1 M NaOH is added to 75 mL of 0.1 M NH4Cl to make a basic buffer. If pKa of NH +4 is
9.26, calculate pH.
IE0041

E
·· TG ~ @bohring_bot

46 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN
Q.39 Calculate the pH of a solution which results from the mixing of 50.0 ml of 0.3 M HCl with 50.0 ml of 0.4
M NH3 . [Kb (NH3) = 1.8 × 10-5, pKb = 4.74]
IE0042
Q.40 In 100 ml buffer solution of 0.1M CH3COOH & 0.1M CH3COONa, how many millimoles of NaOH
should be added to increase it's pH by 0.3.
Given (log 2 = 0.3)
IE0043
ACID BASE REACTIONS & TITRATIONS
–
Q.41 Calculate OH concentration at the equivalent point when a solution of 0.2 M acetic acid is titrated with a
solution of 0.2 M NaOH. Ka for the acid = 10–5.
IE0044
Q.42 Calculate the hydronium ion concentration and pH at the equivalence point in the reaction of 22.0 mL of
0.10M acetic acid, CH3COOH, with 22.0 mL of 0.10 M NaOH. [Ka = 2 × 10–5]
IE0045
Q.43 Calculate the hydronium ion concentration and the pH at the equivalence point in a titration of
50.0 mL of 0.40 M NH3 with 0.40M HCl.[Kb = 2 × 10–5]
IE0046
Q.44 CH3COOH (50 ml, 0.1 M) is titrated against 0.1 M NaOH solution. Calculate the pH at the addition of 0
ml, 10 ml 20 ml, 25 ml, 40 ml, 50 ml of NaOH. K a of CH3COOH is 2 × 10–5.
[log 2 = 0.3010, log3 = 0.4771]
IE0047
INDICATORS
Q.45 For the acid indicator thymol blue, pH is 3 when half the indicator is in unionised form. Find the % of
indicator in unionised form in the solution with [H+] = 4 × 10-3 M.
IE0048
Q.46 Bromophenol blue is an acid indicator with a Ka value of 6 × 10-5 . What % of this indicator is in its basic
form at a pH of 5 ?
IE0049
Q.47 At what pH does an indicator change colour if the indicator is a weak acid with Kind = 4 × 10-4. For which
one(s) of the following neutralizations would the indicator be useful ? Explain.
(a) NaOH + CH3COOH (b) HCl + NH3 (c) HCl + NaOH
IE0050
-5
Q.48 An acid indicator has a Ka of 3 × 10 . The acid form of the indicator is red & the basic form
is blue. By how much must the pH change in order to change the indicator form 75% red to 75 % blue?
[log 3 = 0.4771]
IE0051
node06\B0B0-BA\Kota\JEE(Advanced)\Enthuse\Chemistry\Sheet\Ionic Equilibrium\Eng\02. Ex.p65

SOLUBILITY & SOLUBILITY PRODUCT'S

Q.49 The values of Ksp for the slightly soluble salts MX and QX2 are each equal to 4.0×10–18. Which salt is
more soluble? Explain your answer fully.
IE0052
Q.50 The solubility of PbSO4 in water is 0.0608 g/L. Calculate the solubility product constant of PbSO4.
Molar mass PbSO4 = 304 g/mole
IE0053
–12
Q.51 How many mole CuI (Ksp = 5 × 10 ) will dissolve in 1.0 L of 0.10 M NaI solution ?
IE0054

E
·· TG ~ @bohring_bot

ALLEN Ionic Equilibrium 47

Q.52 A solution of saturated CaF2 is found to contain 4 × 10–4 M fluoride ion. Calculate the Ksp of CaF2.
Neglect hydrolysis.
IE0055
–5
Q.53 The solubility of ML2 (formula weight = 60 g/mol) in water is 2.4 × 10 g/100 mL solution. Calculate the
solubility product constant for ML2.
IE0056
Q.54 Calculate the solubility of A2X3 in pure water, assuming that neither kind of ion reacts with water. For A2X3
, Ksp = 1.08 × 10–23
IE0057
Q.55 Determine the solubility of AgCl in 0.1 M BaCl2. [Ksp for AgCl = 1 × 10–10]
IE0058
–15
Q.56 Calculate solubility of Ca3(PO4)2 (Ksp = 10 ) in presence of 0.1 M CaCl2 solution.
IE0059
SIMULTANEOUS SOLUBILITY
Q.57 Calculate the Simultaneous solubility of AgSCN and AgBr. K sp (AgSCN) = 3.2 × 10 –12,
Ksp(AgBr) = 8 × 10–13.
IE0060
Q.58 Calculate F– in a solution saturated with respect of both MgF2 and SrF2. Ksp(MgF2)= 9.5 × 10–9,
Ksp(SrF2) = 4 × 10–9.
IE0212
COMPLEX FORMATION
Q.59 Calculate the solubility of AgCl in 0.2 M - NH3 solution.
Given : Ksp of AgCl = 2 × 10–10 , Kf of Ag(NH3)2+ = 8 × 106.
IE0061
Q.60 Calculate the solubility of AgCN in 0.4 M - KCN solution
(i) neglecting complex formation
(ii) considering complex formation. Given : Ksp of AgCN = 8 × 10–10, Kd of Ag(CN)2– = 4 × 10–8.
IE0213
SOLUBILITY, CONSIDERING HYDROLYSIS
Q.61 Calculating the solubility of MX in water. Also calculate pH of solution.
Given : Ksp of MX = 4 × 10–8 ; Ka of HX = 2 × 10–6 and MOH is strong base.
IE0214
Q.62 Calculate the solubility of AgCN in a buffer solution at pH = 3.0. .
Given : Ksp of AgCN = 8 × 10–10 , Ka of HCN = 5 × 10–10.
IE0062
PRECIPITATION
node06\B0B0-BA\Kota\JEE(Advanced)\Enthuse\Chemistry\Sheet\Ionic Equilibrium\Eng\02. Ex.p65

Q.63 A solution has a Mg 2+ concentration of 0.0010 mol/L. Will Mg(OH) 2 precipitate if the
OH– concentration of the solution is [Ksp= 1.2 × 10–11]
(a) 10–5 mol/L (b) 10–3 mol/L ?
IE0063
Q.64 200 ml of 2 × 10–4M – AgNO3 solution is mixed with 400 ml of 1.2 × 10–6 M – NaCl solution. Predict
whether precipitation of AgCl will occur or not. Ksp of AgCl = 2 × 10–10.
IE0064
Q.65 Calculate the minimum mass of Na2SO4 needed to just start precipitation of BaSO4 from 500 ml of
2 × 10–5M - BaCl2 solution. Ksp of BaSO4 = 8 × 10–8.
IE0065

E
·· TG ~ @bohring_bot

48 JEE-Chemistry ALLEN
EXERCISE # S-II
Q.1 What are the concentrations of H+, HSO -4 , SO 24- and H2SO4 in a 0.20 M solution of sulphuric acid?

Given : H2SO4 ¾® H+ + HSO -4 ; strong

HSO -4 l H+ + SO 24- ; K2 = 10–2 M

IE0066
Q.2 Calculate the pH of a 0.1M solution of H2NCH2CH2NH2 ; ethylenediamine (en). Determine the

en H22+ concentration in the solution. K b1 and K b2 values of ethylenediamine are 9 × 10–5 and
7.1 × 10–8 respectively.
IE0215
Q.3 Nicotine, C10H14N2, has two basic nitrogen atoms and both can react with water to give a basic solution
Nic (aq) + H2O (l) l NicH+ (aq) + OH– (aq)
NicH+ (aq) + H2O (l) l NicH22+ (aq) + OH– (aq)
Kb is 8 × 10–7 and Kb is 10–10. Calculate the approximate pH of a 0.20 M solution.
1 2
IE0067
Q.4 2-
Determine the [S ] in a saturated (0.1M) H2S solution to which enough HCl has been added to produce
a [H+] of 2 × 10-4 . K1 = 10-7 , K2 = 10-14.
IE0216
Q.5 –6 –4
An aqueous solution contains 0.01 M RNH2 (Kb = 2 ×10 ) & 10 M NaOH. The concentration of
OH¯ is nearly :
IE0068
Q.6 Calculate the pH of 1.0 ×10 M sodium phenoxide, NaOC6H5. Ka for HOC6H5 is 0.6 × 10–10.
–3

IE0069
Q.7 –
Calculate the OH concentration and the H3PO4 concentration of a solution prepared by dissolving 0.1 mol of Na3
PO4 in sufficient water to make 1L of solution. K1 = 7.1 × 10-3 , K2 = 6.3 × 10-8 , K3=4.5 × 10-13.
IE0217
Q.8 Calculate the pH of 0.1 M solution of (i) NaHCO3, (ii) Na2HPO4 and (iii) NaH2PO4. Given that:
ˆˆ† H+ + HCO3- ;
CO2 + H2O ‡ˆˆ K1 = 4.2 × 10–7 M

HCO3- ‡ˆˆ
ˆˆ† H+ + CO32- ; K2 = 4.8 × 10–11 M

ˆˆ† H+ + H 2 PO -4 ;
H3PO4 ‡ˆˆ K1 = 7.5 × 10–3 M
node06\B0B0-BA\Kota\JEE(Advanced)\Enthuse\Chemistry\Sheet\Ionic Equilibrium\Eng\02. Ex.p65

ˆˆ† H+ + HPO 24- ;

H 2 PO -4 ‡ˆˆ K2 = 6.2 × 10–8 M

ˆˆ† H+ + PO 34- ;
HPO 24- ‡ˆˆ K3 = 1.0 × 10–12 M
(log 4.2 = 0.62, log 4.8 = 6.8, log 6.2 = 0.80, log 7.5 = 0.88)
IE0070
Q.9 An ammonia-ammonium chloride buffer has a pH value of 9 with [NH3] = 0.25. What will be the new
pH if 500 ml 0.1 M KOH is added to 200 ml buffer solution (Kb = 2 × 10-5)
[log 2 = 0.3]
IE0071

E
·· TG ~ @bohring_bot

ALLEN Ionic Equilibrium 49

Q.10 A weak base (50.0mL) was titrated with 0.1 M HCl. The pH of the solution after the addition of
10.0 mL and 25.0 mL were found to be 9.84 and 9.24, respectively. Calculate Kb of the base and pH at
the equivalence point. [log2 = 0.3]
IE0218
Q.11 A weak acid (50.0mL) was titrated with 0.1 M NaOH. The pH values when 10.0 mL and 25.0 mL of
base have been added are found to be 4.16 and 4.76, respectively. Calculate Ka of the acid and pH at
the equivalence point. [log2 = 0.3]
IE0219
–5
Q.12 10 ml of 0.1M weak acid HA(ka = 10 ) is mixed with 10 ml 0.2M HCl and 10 ml 0.1M NaOH. Find
the value of [A–] in the resulting solution.
IE0072
Q.13 150 ml of 0.5 M HCN (Ka = 3.75 × 10 ) was reacted with 1.5 M KOH for complete neutralisation.
–9

What will be molarity of HCN at equilibrium.

IE0073
Q.14 The indicator phenol red is half in the ionic form when pH is 7.2. If the ratio of the undissociated form to
the ionic form is 1 : 5, find the pH of the solution. With the same pH for solution, if indicator is altered such
that the ratio of undissociated form to dissociated form becomes 1 : 4, find the pH when 50 % of the new
indicator is in ionic form. [log2 = 0.3]
IE0220
+
Q.15 How much AgBr could dissolve in 1.0 L of 0.40 M NH3 ? Assume that Ag(NH3)2 is the only complex

formed.[Kf ( Ag( NH 3 ) +2 ) = 1 ×108 ; Ksp (AgBr) = 5 ×10–13]

[ 50 ; 7 ]
IE0074
Q.16 Calculate solubility of PbI2 (Ksp = 1.4 × 10–8) in water at 25°, which is 90% dissociated.
1/ 3
æ 1.4 ö
ç (0.81)(3.6) ÷ = 0.78
è ø
IE0075
Q.17 A recent investigation of the complexation of SCN– with Fe3+ led to 130, 16, and 1.0 for K1, K2, and
K3, respectively. What is the overall formation constant of Fe(SCN)3 from its component ions, and what
is the dissociation constant of Fe(SCN)3 into its simplest ions on the basis of these data ?
IE0221
node06\B0B0-BA\Kota\JEE(Advanced)\Enthuse\Chemistry\Sheet\Ionic Equilibrium\Eng\02. Ex.p65