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Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

True / False

1. The e1000 network adapter type is the default adapter used by vSphere for virtual machines that run 64-but
guest operating systems.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: True / False
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/27/2017 10:14 AM

2. A standard vSphere virtual switch can have a maximum of 120 ports.

a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Configuring Virtual Switches
QUESTION TYPE: True / False
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

3. VMware vSphere 6 provides support for USB 3.0 devices in virtual machines.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: True / False
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

4. NIC teaming policies are set for an entire standard switch, and cannot be changed at the port group level.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

QUESTION TYPE: True / False
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

5. Each VMkernel port must be configured with its own IP address and gateway.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Configuring Virtual Switches
QUESTION TYPE: True / False
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

Multiple Choice

6. What are the two major console interfaces used to work with an ESXi host?
a. Direct Console User Interface (DCUI) and vCLI
b. vSphere Remote Console and vTerminal
c. vSphere ESXi Control Center and vSphere Shell Interface
d. Remote Access Client (RAC) and vConsole
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Working with the ESXi Consoles
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

7. You are attempting to utilize a packet capturing software in your studies of a network's traffic, however, your
virtual machine running on vSphere is unable to put the network adapter in promiscuous mode. What is the
most likely reason for the failure?
a. A network security policy is preventing the use of a promiscuous mode interface.
b. vSphere does not support the use of promiscuous mode devices.
c. vSphere is connected to the network via a switch, and therefore cannot change to promiscuous mode.
d. The virtual machine hardware compatibility mode is limiting the virtual machine to legacy adapters.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

8. What virtual machine configuration file holds the virtual machine's snapshot state information?
a. VM_name.vmsd
b. VM_name.vmss
c. VM_name.vswp
d. VM_name.vmdk
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Working with Virtual Machines
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

9. What command can you use to add a comma separated list of users to an ESXi server using VCLI?
a. vicfg-user --adduser -l
b. viuser-cfg --add --type=user
c. vicfg-adduser
d. vicfg-user -u
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Working with the ESXi Consoles
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

10. A virtual machine providing services for your network was recently hacked and used to spoof MAC
addresses on your network to target other systems. What policies could you set to prevent this from
reoccurring?
a. The MAC address changes and forged transmits policies should be set to "Reject".
b. The promiscuous mode and MAC address changes policies should be set to "Reject".
c. The promiscuous mode and the forged transmits policies should be set to "Reject"
d. Only the promiscuous mode needs to be set to reject.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/27/2017 10:14 AM

11. You are trying to support a VOIP application on a virtual machine, and need to prioritize VOIP traffic. What
kind of virtual switch policy should you use?
a. NIC teaming policy
b. traffic shaping policy
c. security policy
d. application priority policy
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

12. What traffic shaping policy option determines the max number of kilobits per second to allow across a port
when it is sending a burst of traffic?
a. burst size
b. average bandwidth
c. peak bandwidth
d. surge bandwidth
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

13. What traffic shaping policy option determines the number of kilobits per second to allow across a port,
averaged over time?
a. average bandwidth
b. average peak bandwidth
c. burst size
d. average throughput
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

14. When a virtual machine is converted to a template on vSphere, what happens to the .vmx configuration file?
a. It is replaced by a .vmtx template configuration file.
b. It is supplemented by a .vmtx file, as both files are required to define the VM.
c. Nothing; vSphere templates are created using information in a sub directory of the VM.
d. It is modified to include the settings required for creating the template.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Working with Virtual Machines
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

15. What is NOT one of the valid choices available for ESXi's virtual SCSI adapter?
a. BusLogic Parallel
b. LSI Logic Parallel
c. LSI Logic SAS
d. BusLogic SAS
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

16. What are the two GUI clients provided by VMware for use with vSphere?
a. Direct Console User Interface (DCUI) and vSphere User Frontend
b. visual CLI and vSphere Client
c. vSphere Controller and vSphere Web Client
d. vSphere Web client and vSphere Client
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Working with the ESXi Consoles
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5

Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

17. When running the vmkfstools command with the --server option pointing to a vCenter Server system, what
option should be used to select the proper ESXi host to run the command against?
a. --esxi
b. --vihost
c. --targethost
d. --destsrv
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Working with the ESXi Consoles
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

18. You are using a gigabit Ethernet adapter (vmnic1) on an ESXi host, and you have found that the status
screen displays the adapter as being connected at 100 Mb, full duplex. You have verified that the switch your
server connects to has 1 Gbps capable ports. What is most likely the problem?
a. The adapter has been manually configured to a speed of 100 Mb, duplex operation.
b. The adapter's driver in ESXi does not have 1 Gbps capability.
c. The cable connecting the server and switch is damaged.
d. The virtual machine using vmnic1 has limited the speed of the interface.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Configuring Virtual Switches
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

19. What sort of application might require the promiscuous mode security policy to be configured to "accept" in
order to support?
a. A web server with multiple virtual host configurations.
b. An e-mail server that utilizes load balancing features.
c. A clustered application that shares its IP address with other instances.
d. A network monitoring application such as an intrusion detection system (IDS).
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

20. You are configuring a Linux based 64-bit virtual machine for use on a vSphere host. Based on this
information, what will be the default network adapter type and why?
a. The default will be vmxnet to provide basic support for networking.
b. The vlance adapter will be used, because it is the most compatible.
c. The e1000 adapter type will be used, because it is the default for 64-bit guest operating systems.
d. The vmxnet3 adapter type will be used, because Linux has a built in driver.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

21. While using vSphere for free, you are limited to how many virtual CPUs?
a. 1
b. 8
c. 32
d. 128
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

22. What virtual disk file type takes the longest to create?
a. thick provision lazy zeroed
b. thick provision eager zeroed
c. thin provision lazy zeroed
d. independent provision
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Creating Virtual Machines
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

23. What type of virtual switch exists only within a single vSphere hypervisor?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

a. standard
b. distributed
c. independent
d. isolated
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Configuring Virtual Switches
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

24. What statement regarding the use of distributed switches is accurate?

a. A distributed switch exists only within a single vSphere hypervisor, but is shared with multiple VMs.
b. A distributed switch is not compatible with the use of vMotion.
c. A distributed switch can be shared among multiple associated vSphere hosts, providing consistent
network configuration.
d. A distributed switch can't make use of port groups.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Configuring Virtual Switches
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

25. A security policy has been applied to an individual port on a virtual switch. The switch itself has a
conflicting policy configured. What setting has priority?
a. The settings at the virtual switch level will have priority, as the policy is inherited by the port.
b. The settings on the port will have priority, because the policy is overridden at the port level.
c. The overall setting will be disabled until the conflicting settings are manually changed.
d. The more restrictive setting will be used automatically.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

26. What virtual network adapter type should you use if you need to support fault tolerance as well as
record/replay for network traffic?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

a. vlance
b. e1000
c. vmxnet2
d. vmxnet3
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

27. Under what conditions might a virtual machine have a lock file?
a. A lock file can exist when a raw device mapping is utilized.
b. Lock files are used when a thin provisioned disk is configured.
c. Lock files are used when an IDE controller is configured for a virtual machine.
d. A lock file can exist when a virtual machine is stored on an NFS based data store.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Working with Virtual Machines
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

28. What configuration file name would be assigned to the Raw Device Map (RDM) pointer file for a VM
named Srv1?
a. Srv1.vmdk.rdm
b. Srv1.vswp
c. Srv1.rdm.vmdk
d. Srv1.rdm.vswp
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Working with Virtual Machines
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

29. How many archive logs are maintained for a virtual machine at any one time?
a. two

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 9

Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

b. four
c. six
d. eight
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Working with Virtual Machines
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

30. What is the maximum number of vCPUs supported by the fully licensed version of the vSphere hypervisor?
a. 8 vCPUs
b. 16 vCPUs
c. 64 vCPUs
d. 128 vCPUs
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

Matching

Match each item with a statement below.

a. Direct Console User Interface (DCUI)
b. overallocation
c. Raw Device Mapping (RDM)
d. switch policies
e. Thick Provision Eager Zeroed
f. Thick Provision Lazy Zeroed
g. Thin Provision
h. trunk port
i. vlance
j. vmxnet3
REFERENCES: Glossary
QUESTION TYPE: Matching
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 10
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Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

DATE MODIFIED: 3/27/2017 10:16 AM

31. A console interface that can be used to interact with an ESXi server host.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1

32. The process of assigning more disk space to virtual disks that you have space available on a VMFS data
store.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1

33. A file stored in a VMFS volume that acts as a proxy or go-between providing a physical storage device to
virtual disk mapping.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1

34. Allows the administrator to set up rules and procedures to manage how virtual network resources are used.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1

35. Allocates the space required for a virtual machine during creation. Data remaining on the physical device is
zeroed out when the disk is created.
ANSWER: e
POINTS: 1

36. Space required for a virtual disk is allocated during creation, but data remaining on the physical device is
not erased during creation, it is zeroed out over time.
ANSWER: f
POINTS: 1

37. Uses only as much data store space as the disk initially needs.
ANSWER: g
POINTS: 1

38. As an example, this is used by a physical switch to pass packets from multiple VLANs to a host using
VLAN tags.
ANSWER: h
POINTS: 1

39. An emulated version of the AMD 79C970 PCnet32 NIC

ANSWER: i
POINTS: 1

40. The next generation of a paravirtualized NIC, designed for performance and advanced features such as fault
tolerance.
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 11
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

ANSWER: j
POINTS: 1

Subjective Short Answer

41. What are virtual network switch policies?

ANSWER: Virtual network switch policies allow the administrator to set up rules and procedures to manage
how virtual network resources are used. Virtual switches provide for three types of network policies:
security, traffic shaping, and NIC teaming. These policies can be defined for the entire virtual switch,
or can be defined for individual ports or port groups including the VMkernel ports. When a policy is
defined for an individual port, the settings of the policy will override the default policy defined for
the virtual switch.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

42. When defining the network security policy, what security exceptions are you allowed to set, and what do
they do?
ANSWER: The network security policy allows the administrator to set the following security exceptions:
* Promiscuous Mode—When set to Reject, placing a guest adapter in promiscuous mode has no
effect on which frames are received by the adapter (default is Reject).
* MAC Address Changes—When set to Reject, if the guest attempts to change the MAC address
assigned to the virtual NIC, it stops receiving frames (default is Accept).
* Forged Transmits—When set to Reject, the virtual NIC drops frames that the guest sends, where
the source address field contains a MAC address other than the assigned virtual NIC MAC address
(default is Accept).
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

43. What are the three options available when configuring a traffic shaping policy?
ANSWER: The three options for configuring a traffic shaping policy are as follows:
* Average bandwidth--Establishes the number of kilobits per second to allow across a port, averaged
over time. The average bandwidth is the allowed average load.
* Peak bandwidth--The maximum number of kilobits per second to allow across a port when it is
sending a burst of traffic. This number tops the bandwidth that is used by a port whenever the port is
using its burst bonus.
* Burst size--Size—The maximum number of kilobytes to allow in a burst. If this parameter is set, a
port might gain a burst bonus if it does not use all its allocated bandwidth.
POINTS: 1

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Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

44. What are the three different types of ports that exist on a virtual switch?
ANSWER: The three types of ports on a virtual switch are: virtual machine ports, VMkernel ports, and uplink
ports. Virtual machine ports are used to handle traffic between virtual machines and between virtual
machines and the physical network. VMkernel ports include the management network port used to
connect to remote consoles such as the vSphere Client, as well as ports for network storage, vMotion
migration, and fault tolerance. Uplink ports are used to connect one or more physical network
adapters to the virtual switch.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Configuring Virtual Switches
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

45. What is a NIC teaming policy, and what does it do?

ANSWER: NIC teaming policies enable you to determine how network traffic is distributed between adapters
and how to reroute traffic in the event of an adapter failure. NIC teaming policies include load-
balancing and failover settings. While default NIC teaming policies are set for the entire standard
switch, these default settings can be overridden at the port group level. The policies shown are what
is inherited from the settings at the switch layer.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Network Switch Policies
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

46. What level of support does vSphere 6 provide for USB devices, and how can they be used with vSphere?
ANSWER: vSphere 6 supports USB 3.0 devices in virtual machines, allowing devices such as smart-card readers
and flash drives to be attached. Since USB devices cannot be connected directly to the ESXi host
computer, connecting a USB drive to your virtual machine requires connecting the USB device to a
desktop computer running the VMware vSphere® Web Client application or the vSphere Client. The
virtual machine can then access the USB device from the client computer.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
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Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

47. What is the vmxnet3 virtual network adapter, and what features does it provide?
ANSWER: The vmxnet3 adapter is the next generation of a paravirtualized NIC designed for performance. It is
not related to vmxnet or vmxnet2. The vmxnet3 adapter offers all the features available in vmxnet2
and adds several features, like multiqueue support (called Receive-Side Scaling in Windows), IPv6
offloads, and MSI/MSI-X interrupt delivery. vmxnet3 devices support fault tolerance and
record/replay.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Virtual Hardware Components
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

48. What are some of the benefits of thin provisioning virtual disk files?
ANSWER: Thin provisioning enables virtual machines to use storage space as needed, further reducing the cost
of storage for virtual environments considerably. Thin provisioning is often used with storage array
deduplication to improve storage use and to backup virtual machines. Thin provisioning can be
configured to provide alarms and reports to track current usage of storage capacity as well as
allowing a storage administrator to optimize the allocation of storage for virtual environments.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Creating Virtual Machines
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

49. What is a raw device mapping (RDM), and when is it recommended that it be used?
ANSWER: Instead of storing virtual machine data in a virtual disk file stored on a VMFS data store, when using
an RDM disk the guest operating system stores data directly on a the host computer’s storage (local
or SAN). Storing the data this way may provide faster data access and is useful if you are running
applications in your virtual machines that must know the physical characteristics of the storage
device. An RDM is recommended when a virtual machine must interact with data on the actual local
disk on the SAN.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Creating Virtual Machines
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

50. What are the three major virtual disk file types, and how do they differ?
ANSWER: The three major virtual disk file types are as follows:
* Thick Provision Lazy Zeroed--Space required for the virtual disk is allocated during creation. Data
remaining on the physical device is not erased during creation, but is zeroed out on demand at a later
time on first write from the virtual machine.
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 14
Name: Class: Date:

Chapter 07: Working with VMware vSphere

* Thick Provision Eager Zeroed--Space required for the virtual disk is allocated during creation.
Data remaining on the physical device is zeroed out when the disk is created.
* Thin Provision--A thin provisioned disk uses only as much data store space as the disk initially
needs. If the thin disk needs more space later, it can expand to the maximum capacity allocated to it.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: Creating Virtual Machines
QUESTION TYPE: Subjective Short Answer
HAS VARIABLES: False
DATE CREATED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM
DATE MODIFIED: 3/2/2017 10:48 PM

Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 15

Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content
 CHAPTER XIV
MISCELLANEOUS NOTES

Before finishing this book it is desirable to mention a few matters

connected with billiards which have not been dealt with in former
chapters, though some of them may have been more than once
introduced. To begin with, the question is often debated whether in
the interest of the game a stake is desirable. Undoubtedly, some
advantages are gained when money, however little, is played for; the
rules are more strictly obeyed, and the game is treated as serious. On
the other hand, there are drawbacks: certain players, often those
most anxious to bet, cannot afford to lose, and the miserable result is
that the pleasure of the game is sacrificed to money. When played on
proper lines, no stimulant beyond the honour of winning and the
pleasure of making meritorious breaks is needed for players who are
devoted to billiards and have attained certain excellence. In most
clubs far fewer games are played of late years for even the small stake
of a shilling or half a crown than was the case in the early seventies,
but a little excitement is supplied by an occasional handicap. From
want of experience, however, the framers often make serious
mistakes, which deter persons from entering, and these are perhaps
less in estimating the start which should be allowed than in general
principles. Hence, with the view of helping framers, a few remarks
are offered.
 A winning game.

A handicap, to be satisfactory, should be on the American

principle: each player should in turn play with every person who has
entered, and he who has most games to his credit is the winner. It
follows that too many entries should not be allowed, nor, if possible,
should there be too great a difference in the class of players. It is
better to have more than one handicap than to try to bring together
men between whom there is great difference of play. As a general
rule, it is probably safe to say that no two men should play in the
same handicap when one can give the other much more than a third
of the game. In a short game—and those of most amateur handicaps
are from 100 to 250 points—more than one-third of the game is so
long a start that chance plays too important a part. When there are
many competitors, it might be desirable to have one or more
handicaps subordinate to the final one, played, if preferred, on the
English system, in which the loss of one game disqualifies for further
competition; but the final, amongst, say, the best six players, should
if possible be arranged on the American plan. As a guide to
handicapping, the following rule may be useful. The question is, if A.
can give B. twenty in a hundred, and B. can give C. a like number of
points, how many can A. give C.? Add the points, and from the result
deduct their product divided by the length of the game. Thus, in the
supposed case:
20 + 20 − 20100
× 20
= 40 − 4 = 36;
or A. can give C. 36 points.
Another sort of handicap is sometimes substituted for the ordinary
and uninteresting four game when it is wished that more than two
players should take part. The method followed is to agree about the
points and then string or toss for position—i.e. to determine who
shall commence and the sequence of play. Whoever first scores the
agreed number of points wins the game and takes the stakes. It has
this advantage over the four game that excessive safety play is useless
or worse, and that each competitor does his best to score. The luck is
to follow a player who leaves easy openings, but, as no one plays
specially for safety, a good player is as likely to leave an easy stroke
as a bad one.
A few words may be permitted on billiards as a game for ladies.
With their superior delicacy of touch and at least equality in all other
respects, save perhaps in brute force, there would seem to be no
reason why they should not greatly excel at the game. As a fact some,
a very few, do play almost as well as good club players; they can
make from twenty to forty points in a break, and, this being so, work
is all that is required to raise their standard. The game is a healthy
one, calling into play not merely the muscles but the mind; and, as to
its capabilities for showing a handsome figure to advantage, Mr.
Davis’s illustrations are sufficiently eloquent.
Some readers may perhaps regret the absence of a chapter on the
French and American game. To them we would urge that a game so
beautiful, so scientific, and capable of such development, cannot be
satisfactorily treated in short space; and, therefore, it has been
thought better simply to refer inquirers to M. Vignaux’s book and to
‘Modern Billiards,’ the American text-book, published by the
Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co., New York. Comparison between the
English and French games is scarcely profitable; they differ widely,
and each has its advantages. Conspicuous amongst these in favour of
the foreign game is the small size of the table which may be set up in
ordinary rooms. It is cheaper and more easily lighted than that used
in the English game, and, although hazards are eliminated and much
interest is thereby lost, the cannon game can be brought on the
smaller table to a perfection of which we scarcely even dream.
A matter which closely concerns the well-being of the game must
now be considered, and that is the behaviour of players and
spectators; in other words, the etiquette of the room. Throughout
this book, in one part or another, the importance of maintaining
order and the impossibility of preserving a high class of play when
interruption is permitted have been clearly set forth. The orderly
proceedings in professional play, during which neither player smokes
nor interrupts the other, and spectators are generally courteous,
silent, and impartial, contrast, we regret to say, with the ordinary
behaviour of amateurs in a club billiard-room. Here, in general,
players have to submit to all manner of interruption, the result
mainly of ignorance and inadvertence. Consequently, the great
majority play day after day, year after year, and scarcely improve,
whilst the few who get the length of thinking out a break and working
it out on the table are driven to play where they are less liable to
disturbance.

A Ladies’ Battle.

In a billiard-room the players for the time being should be

considered supreme; table, light, fire, marker, are theirs for the time;
and a little ordinary consideration will show any gentleman that he
should avoid interference with them during a game. Yet, how
common it is for persons to bounce up to the door, open it without
waiting for the stroke, march gaily along towards a seat irrespective
of whether a stroke is in progress or not, and then, as likely as not,
commence an animated conversation in a loud tone of voice with
another spectator, or in default even with the non-player. If
conversation fails, they have no scruple in lighting a lamp or in
poking the fire and making a glare and heat which is unbearable to
the players. The opponent, too, is often an offender in the matter of
talking. No sooner has he missed a stroke than he commences
conversation, failing to see that, if his adversary is more polite, he
enjoys absolute quiet during his break, whilst the other has to play
under disturbing influences, a proceeding which is not merely
discourteous, but unfair. Then, again, a running commentary is often
kept up during play, the remarks for the most part being absolutely
foolish. A spectator who listens to them cannot fail to notice their
grotesqueness, and, if they could be fully reproduced, the offenders
themselves would scarcely credit that they could have acted such a
part. Sometimes a player volunteers on every occasion explanation of
his failure to score, at other times he passionately addresses the
balls, adjuring them to stop or come on; he seems to think he gains a
reputation for generosity when he praises his adversary’s efforts by
shouting ‘good stroke’ when satisfied that the hazard or cannon has
just been missed, and it is entertaining to watch his change of tone
and countenance should some unforeseen score be made. His
nervous contortions when a ball is approaching a pocket or likely to
make a cannon are often remarkable; head, hands, legs and feet, all
coming into play, and all impressed to indicate his sensations, which,
to judge from the display, must often be unpleasant.
Smoking, too, requires regulation. Matches should not be lighted
on the stroke, nor should they be extinguished by being waved about;
cues, umbrellas, or sticks, should be kept perfectly still; in fact, every
care should be taken to avoid distracting the player’s attention. There
are many drawbacks to the game from players smoking; with every
care, ashes and tobacco fall on the cloth, the woodwork of the
cushions is blistered and disfigured because the ends of lighted
cigars are carelessly laid on it, and the striker is often hampered by
clouds of smoke poured over the table by his adversary in the line of
sight. These may be reduced to a minimum by the exercise of a little
consideration, and suitable metal trays should be provided on
mantelpiece or side tables on which lighted cigars may be placed
whilst the player is at the table. Another not uncommon but most
offensive breach of etiquette is for a spectator to offer either player
advice; it often happens that they see what a player has overlooked,
but they should resist the temptation to advertise their smartness,
and recollect that the struggle ought to be left entirely to the
opponents, who are entitled to a fair field and no favour. These are
the main faults which are of common occurrence: a little care and
self-restraint will deter men from offending, and gain for them an
enviable character for consideration of others and good feeling;
whereas indulgence in them will sooner or later cause transgressors
to be considered as the pests of the room and to be more or less
avoided. It is true that endeavour has been made in existing rules to
control the behaviour both of players and of spectators, and it is
possible that some further steps in this way may be taken; but much
must be left to the good feeling of gentlemen, which will not fail
when they realise the value of a room in which good order is kept;
and the remarks here made are offered in the hope that they may
contribute to the desired result.
With reference to the disputed question which was discussed in
Chapter VI. and has incidentally appeared elsewhere, whether side
can be communicated by one ball to another, there is a stroke which
will repay study. Place the red and another ball on the baulk-line
about a foot apart within the Ｄ . From the right-hand side of the
table play a free stab on the red with strong right side, hitting it
almost full but sufficiently on the left to just send it out of baulk. If
properly played, both balls will be left in baulk. The white going into
baulk shows that the red was struck on its left, and therefore must
have gone out of baulk, whereas its return to baulk would appear to
be due to communicated side. It is instructive to play this stroke first
with one side and then with the other, and to observe the difference
of result.
The practice of strokes as recommended throughout this manual
may occasionally be varied by trying breaks from some well-defined
position of the balls. Place a ball over each middle pocket for easy
losing hazards and play the break from hand. After each break record
the score, and after five or ten trials take the average. Anyone who
can usually score 100 points in six innings is more than able to hold
his own against good club form. The task is not so easy as it appears,
as a few trials will show. The gradual rise of this average is a good
measure of improvement. But too much time should not be spent in
this way, for the practice of strokes is far more profitable, specially if
the maxim ‘Over the easiest strokes bestow the greatest pains’ be
always remembered. Work at easy strokes till they can be so played
as to leave another easy one to follow; no practice is more
remunerative.
Intimately connected with the interests of billiards are the duties
of referees and markers. In important matches three persons are
employed besides the players—the referee, the marker, and a boy to
hand the balls and rests; in ordinary games all the duties fail on the
marker. It is by no means an easy matter to be a good referee; men
are often selected more because they happen to be connected with a
sporting newspaper than from any personal aptitude for the position.
The qualities required form a combination difficult to be obtained.
The referee should possess a strictly judicial turn of mind, perfect
sight, developed accuracy of observation, great calmness, rapidity of
judgment, perfect and fearless honesty; in addition to knowledge of
the game, intimate acquaintance with the rules, and correct
appreciation of the duties he may have to perform. Failure in any one
of these qualifications may result in erroneous decisions; but
perhaps the last-mentioned is the one which is most liable to be
misunderstood. As a rule, the referee should not interfere unless
appealed to; it should be fully realised by him that he can make no
law or rule, and has for the time being no concern with the justice or
injustice of the code; his duty is simply to say whether a rule has or
has not been broken, and to declare the penalty. His personal
opinion as to whether a stroke should be fair or foul is of no moment;
all he has to deal with are matters of fact and the application of
acknowledged rules. Thus, until the push, for example, is contrary to
the rules, a referee is not justified in declaring every such stroke
appealed against to be foul; on the contrary, a competent man,
whatever his opinion may be as to the merit of the stroke, should
declare all strokes to be fair unless he actually saw a rule infringed. If
he saw the cue twice applied (which is common enough), he is
justified in ruling the stroke to be foul; if he did not (as he cannot in a
well-executed push) see two applications, he is bound to uphold the
stroke as fair. It is no argument to say that he knows the stroke to be
always foul; no one desires him to air his opinion on such a matter,
and a person who made such an excuse for his ruling would thereby
conclusively prove his unfitness for the post.
The marker is a man for whom we have much sympathy; his duties
are many and trying, sometimes almost beyond human endurance.
As a class, markers are civil, well-behaved, and otherwise probably
neither better nor worse than their fellow-men. When asked for
advice or instruction, they give it cheerfully to the best of their
ability, and in respect to play they may be said to lie between
amateurs and professionals. They have occasionally a good deal to
put up with, and their services are often unjustifiably requisitioned;
attention is invited to Mr. Ford’s remarks (p. 428), which, though
made with reference to pool, are in most respects applicable to
billiards. And when late at night or in close rooms markers are
occasionally drowsy, or make a mistake, let players endeavour to
realise the monotony of their lives. From their arrival in the room
before noon till their departure at, perhaps, three in the morning,
think of their average experience! The table has to be got ready, the
room dusted and preparation made for visitors. These appear at first
fitfully—the young, who are not good enough for the serious business
of the day, and the old, who are losing their game, meeting together,
followed later by the regular habitués, who play billiards or pool as
may be. Conversation is carried on as if the marker were both deaf
and dumb, a mere machine for returning the ball and handing the
rest. There is an admirable essay on this aspect of the marker in ‘The
Billiard Book,’ by Captain Crawley, written by the author of ‘Lost Sir
Massingberd,’ in which it is justly pointed out that the marker
moralises and is ‘daily the dumb witness of innumerable frauds.’ He
is made to say, ‘I know the real skill of every player to a hair, and how
much he conceals of it.’ I know the characters of nine-tenths of the
men who enter the room, and very indifferent they are—‘the man
who plays for a stroke only when it is a certainty preferring his own
safety to his enemy’s danger; the hard hitter, from whom no player is
secure; the man who is always calling his own strokes flukes; the
man who is always calling other people’s by that derogatory name;
and the poor fellow who is for ever under the cushion. My world,
which is not a small one, is mapped out for me, with all its different
species of men, upon this table; for I stand apart, and mark many
things beside the score.’
Then think of the marker being obliged to constantly watch the
performances of those who take from half to three-quarters of an
hour to play a game of a hundred, the same bad form exhibited game
after game, by men who for one reason or another never improve;
and judge leniently of slight lapses of attention.
It is expedient once more to emphasise the point that whilst a
game is in progress the marker’s services should be considered as
wholly devoted to the score and the players; no spectator should
speak to him or attract his attention, and markers ought to be
instructed, in case of breaches of this rule, to point out respectfully
that they are prohibited from entering into conversation during a
game. The writer has often seen spectators, and occasionally
opponents, most unwarrantably engage a marker in conversation
when they failed to get anyone else to talk to, thereby distracting his
attention from the game to which it should be entirely devoted.
And now, as a last word, it is proper to explain that, though
endeavour has been made in the preceding pages to put amateurs in
the way of improving their game and of understanding its general
principles, yet it is not for a moment advocated that young men
should devote to billiards the time which might be more profitably
employed in serious work. Except for professional players and a very
few specially circumstanced enthusiasts, it is, after all, but a game
and relaxation. Indulgence in it should, therefore, be kept within
strict limits; but, so regulated, it will be found generally beneficial to
mind and body. These restrictions, it is evident, must almost to a
certainty prevent amateur form from ever seriously approaching that
of professional players, and one is warranted on meeting a youngster
whose knowledge of the game and handling of the balls have reached
professional form in concluding that his skill is evidence of a
misspent youth. Still, there is a vast difference, which may
reasonably be lessened, between such perfection and the average
amateur performance; and it is hoped that this volume may
contribute to so desirable a result.
 INDEX

Aberdovey slates, 73
Albert Club, 48
Albo-carbon light, 66, 67
American handicaps, 40, 43;
tournament, 41, 436
Angle, half-ball or natural, 101–103, 123–124;
of deviation, 138;
of incidence and reflexion, 139–140
Aquarium. See Royal Aquarium
Association, Billiard. See Billiard Association
Attitude, 107

Balls, billiard, 86–92;

treatment of, 87–88;
weight, 87n;
gauge, 89;
tests of, 90;
bonzoline, 91–92;
cast steel, 92;
dummy, 101;
definition of, 105;
motion, &c., and division of, 130–141;
impact of, 164–168;
rotation of, 189–214;
surface of, 193;
friction of, on cloth, 193;
 transmitted side, 194; 443;
different qualities of ivory and bonzoline, 266–267;
light, 322
Bartley, Mr., 6, 9
Basket, pool, 101, 253–254
Baulk, meaning of the term, 105;
doubles in, 150;
playing for safety in, 284;
double, 290
‘Baynard Castle,’ 43
Bedford, Mr., 9
Bell’s Life, 19;
quoted, 20; 21
Bennett, Alfred, in handicaps, 36, 38, 40, 41, 47;
death, 38n
Bennett, Fred, 36, 38
Bennett, John, 36, 38
Bennett, Joseph 4;
his manual, 4;
in a four-handed match with John Roberts, sen., 26; 29;
beats Roberts, jun., and beaten by him, 34; 35, 36, 40, 41, 43, 44;
beaten by Roberts, jun., 50;
beats Cook for championship, 46;
defeats Taylor for championship, 47;
Shorter forfeits for championship, 47;
introduction of angle for private practice, 124; 266, 370
Bentinck Club, 24, 27
Billiard Association of Great Britain and Ireland standard tables, 70,
71, 362;
rules of, 374;
revision required, 375;
examination of — rules, 376–386;
examination of — rules of pyramids, 390
‘Billiard Book,’ Captain Crawley’s, on pyramids, 391;
essay on the marker, 445
‘Billiard Review,’ quoted, on the Association Rules, 375
Billiard-rooms, 55–57;
in Oriental Club, 57; 58, 59;
Mr. W. H. Fowler’s room, 59;
Mr. A. Gibbs’, 55–56;
ventilation of, 61–66;
lighting of, 66–68;
Major Broadfoot’s note on, 67, 68
Billiard-tables, 5, 10, 11, 15, 69;
pockets, 69;
Billiard Association legislation, 70;
Standard Association tables, 71;
cost, 72;
ordinary, 73;
championship, 73, 83, 362–373;
frames, 73;
slates, 73–77;
plan of table in diagram, 74, 75;
cushions, 77–79;
cloths, 79–80;
setting up the table, 79–83;
brushing and ironing, 83–84;
undersized, 84;
spot stroke, 85;
French tables, 85;
hiring, 85;
automatic returner, 86;
few in London clubs fit for play, 207;
easy and difficult—in training, 306
Billiard terms in use, 105–107
Black and pink pool, description of game, 423;
variation in rules, 423;
collecting stakes, 424;
a useful bye-law, 424
Black pool, 408, 418;
no regular laws, 418;
the game as generally played, 420;
special features, 420;
variation in rules, 421;
points to be held in view, 422
Blind pockets, playing hazards into, 146, 150
Bonzoline balls, 91;
wear, 92;
playing hazards with, 170;
difference between ivory and, 266;
playing double baulk strokes with, 293
Bouclée, formation of the bridge, 109, 129
Bowles, Alfred, 23;
his matches with Roberts, jun., 23, 33, 367
Boyd, Mr. A. H., 3;
aid from, 3;
on implements, 55–103;
on ‘Every-Day Billiards,’ 315–325
Break, definition of, 105;
higher signification of, 300;
average—in classifying players, 302;
personal questions: luck and nerve, 303–306;
advice to players who cannot undertake close study, 307–313;
advice to a higher class of players, 313;
Mr. Boyd’s advice to moderate players, 315–325;
— at the top of the table, by Mr. Rimington-Wilson, 325–348;
nursery cannons, 348–361
Breaking the balls, explanation of the phrase, 105
Bricole, utility of, 172;
the push, 226, 240
Bridge, the term, 105;
a good, 108, 109;
a short, 127;
bouclée, 129
Brighton, Kentfield’s Subscription Rooms at, 10
Broughton, Tom, beaten by Roberts, sen., 16
Brunswick-Balke-Collender Co. the, cited, 212, 440
Brushing tables, 83
Buchanan, J. P., 266
Buckland, Frank, test for balls, 90
‘Bumble-puppy,’ 430
Burners, gas, for billiard-rooms, 67
Burroughes and Watts, aid from, 4, 55;
first series of handicaps, 36; 40, 77, 98
Butts, 97

Cannons, plain, 172–186;

tendency to supersede losing hazards, 172;
general rules for strength in playing, 174;
easier than the hazard, 175;
in baulk, 210–212;
use of compensation in making, 261–262;
nursery, easy of execution, 326; 348–361
Carr, John, 5;
sells twisting chalk, 7; 8;
backed against all comers, 9;
challenged by Kentfield, 10
Carter, Eugene, American player, 53
Cathire More, King of Ireland, his brass billiard balls, 4
Chalk, 83, 87, 98, 384;
St. Martin, 99
Championship, the, &c., 362–373;
Mr. Russell D. Walker’s memorandum on, 367–370
Championship matches, remarks concerning, 362–366;
list of, 373
Championship table, the, 73, 83;
pockets, 362;
play on, 370–373;
objections to different tables for ordinary play and for
championship matches, 364;
genuineness of game, 365;
equalisation of amateurs on a, 372;
record of championship matches, 373
Chimneys of lamps for lighting billiard-rooms, 66
Close screws, method of playing, 250
Cloths for billiard-tables, 79;
nap of, 193;
effects on rotation and path of ball, 207
Club billiard-rooms, 56;
over-ironing of cloth in, 207
Coles, Harry, 48, 49
Collins, George, 36, 38, 39, 48
Combination tables, 85
Compensation in play, 260
Composition balls, 91
Cook, William, 20, 23, 24;
Roberts, sen.’s opinion of, 25;
first match with and defeat by Roberts, jun., 27;
beats him later, 28;
rapid rise, 28;
beats Roberts, sen., for championship, 29–31;
remarkable breaks, 33, 34;
loses championship to Roberts, jun., 33, 41;
zenith of his career, 34; 35, 36;
wins handicap, 36; 39, 40;
beaten by Roberts, jun., 41, 42, 43, 46;
beaten by Joseph Bennett in championship match, 46;
beats and beaten by Roberts, jun., 47, 50;
unrivalled style, 120;
 on the spot stroke, 265, 266, 268;
strength and execution, 370;
pool record, 412
‘Cork Marker,’ the, his match with Carr, 9
Cork pool, description of, 429;
variation in play, 430;
bumble-puppy, 430
Corrugated iron billiard-rooms, 59
Cotton’s ‘Compleat Gamester,’ 5
Country-house games, 429–432
Coup, to run a, explanation of phrase, 105
Coups durs, 105, 230
Cover, meaning of the term, 105
Crawley, Captain, on pyramids, 391;
quotation about marker from his billiard book, 445
Cues, &c., 93–103;
French butt, 93;
English butt, 93;
tips, 95, 96;
jointed, 96, 388;
splicing, 97;
mechanical accuracy in delivering, 115–129;
hold of, 125;
use of — in the follow, 196;
in the screw back, 202;
in applying side, 203;
in the push stroke, 224;
‘power’ of, 315;
necessity for accurate delivery of, 324
Cunningham, Colonel Allan, R.E., aid from, 3
Cushion-crawling, 283
Cushion nursery cannons, 348–361;
breaks of — often spurious, 363
Cushions, 77;
covering with cloth, 81;
difficulty of square-cut, 145;
side acquired by friction with, 206;
nurseries, 348–361

Davis, George, 25
Dawson, Charles, 49, 51, 120;
simplicity of his game, 128; 367
Defensive play, where advisable, 283
Diagrams, explanation of, 138–139
Diggle, Edward, 51, 120, 367
Double baulk, 105
Doubles, value of, 150;
in baulk, 150;
simple, 152; 398, 400, 413, 416
Drag strokes, 116, 196;
used to overcome irregularities in ball or bed, 197
Dufton, John, 20
Dufton, William, ‘tutor to the Prince of Wales,’ 20;
match with Roberts, sen., 22;
his long jennies, 25;
an overrated player, 25
Dufton’s ‘Practical Billiards,’ on skittle pool, 435
Dummy balls, 101

Egan, Pierce, 9
Egyptian Hall, 51
Electric light in billiard-rooms, 61, 66, 67
Elementary instruction, 104;
mode of entering room, 104;
 technical terms, 104–106;
attitudes, 107;
formation of bridge, 108, 109;
the bridge bouclée, 109, 129;
cue delivery, 109;
practice with one ball, 110–115;
strength, 112;
use of the rest, 113–115;
use of the half-butt and long-butt, 115;
Mr. Pontifex’s memorandum, 115–129;
a remarkable amateur feat, 116, 126
English butt, 93
Erection of billiard-table, 80
Etiquette of the billiard-room, 3, 104, 388, 440–442
Evans, Harry, 25, 26;
champion of Australia, 39

Feather stroke, 370

Fleming, John, defeats Roberts, sen., 16
Follow, the, importance of, 194;
increasing artificially, 195;
chief use, 196
Forcing hazards, 170
Ford, Mr., on markers, 428; 445
Foul, definition of a, 105
Four-handed game, a bad school, 318;
a substitute for, 439
Fowler, Mr. W. H., his outside billiard-room, 59, 103
French butt, 93
French players on the game, 1
Gaiety Restaurant, matches at, 41, 43
‘Game of Billiards,’ Kentfield’s, 10
Gas in billiard-rooms, 61
Gate-money, 365, 366
Gibbs, Mr. A., his billiard-room at Tyntesfield, 61
Gillows’ tables, 15
Green, W. E., 25, 53
Guildhall Tavern, matches at, 37

Half-butts, 97
Half-push, the, 228
Handicaps, 36, 39;
American system of, 40, 41, 43; 436;
the same guiding rules for framing, 439
Hazards, winning, 142–153; 320, 404;
plain strokes, 142;
middle pocket, 159, 422.
See Losing
Herst, John, 21, 22, 25
Hiring billiard-tables, 85
Hitchin, W. C., 25
Hughes, Alfred, 25, 26, 36, 39
Hughes, Charles, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 367

Impact, divergence between point of aim and point of, 133–135;

points of, 143;
rebound following, 164, 167
Implements of the game, 55 et seq.
In hand, definition of the term, 105
Incandescent gas light, 66
India-rubber cushions, 77
Ironing billiard-table cloths, 79, 83
Ives, Frank, his matches with Roberts, jun., 53, 365, 372;
cannon play, 359;
makes 1,267 consecutive cannons, 369
Ivory balls, 86;
expense of, 91;
differ from bonzoline, 266; 293

Jennies, 160;
method of playing, 239
Jump stroke, 250

Kentfield, Edwin (otherwise Jonathan), champion, 10;

his improvements, 10;
his book, 11;
his game 11; 12, 13, 14, 15;
interviewed by Roberts, sen., 17, 18;
refuses to play Roberts, 19; 367
Kilkenny, Lewis, 25, 36, 38, 40
Kiss, the term explained, 105;
mode of playing the — stroke, 230; 406
Knightsbridge, matches at, 53

Ladies, billiards as a game for, 440

Lamps, oil, for lighting billiard-rooms, 66
Leap stroke, method of making, 250
Lighting billiard-rooms, 66, 83
Lloyd, winner of 1895 Association Tournament, 54
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