Machine Translated by Google

1 62

• 1 hour
• Current tools,
injection pump control tube

The operation of a diesel engine is directly conditioned

tioned by that of the operation of the fuel injection circuit. The

condition of the injectors but also the timing of the pump
injection operators actively participate and influence the course
of combustion.

The moment of injection of the dose of diesel into the combustion

chamber must be determined with the greatest care. A
control requires special attention. He
poorly positioned injection pump leads to a reduction in
performance , an increase in consumption, risks of
mechanical breakage (detonation).
A knocking engine indicates excessive injection advance.
Black smoke from the exhaust indicates a lack of advance
or clogged air filter.
If the alignment is not correct:
The purpose of this worksheet is to help you check the pump
- remove the injection pump.
timing.
Attention

Add shims if the moving mark is ahead.

The timing value, defined by the manufacturer, determines a
Remove shims if the moving marker is late. Before
position of the crankshaft (indicated on the flywheel).
reinstall the pump, rotate the camshaft so that
As a general rule, it is indicated before TDC
The base circle(s) (lowest position) is oriented towards the opening
Look on the engine for the timing point.
of the injection pump housing.
The alignment mark is visible through a window made
on the flywheel housing. - Replace the pump.

This must be able to be introduced without resistance up to a

The search for the setting point is carried out by taking as a reference
distance of 4 to 5 mm from the frame. After that a resistance should
ence a cylinder. In general, cylinder no. 1 located on the steering wheel side
engine. be perceptible at the beginning of the compression of the spring(s) of the
pushers. A low pressure should be sufficient to support this
Disconnect the high pressure injection piping on the pump.
Install a control tube. preload. During assembly, check that the control finger

Turn the motor in the direction of rotation using a pump control is correctly oriented towards the regulation lever.
Screw the pump
key engaged on the crankshaft nut. Make sure the piston
back in . Check the timing.
of cylinder no. 1 is at the end of compression (the valves of this
Reassemble the high pressure piping.
cylinder must not be open, presence of clearance between rocker
arms and valves) Purge the fuel system before starting.
Adjust the slow motion.
Slowly turn the motor and align the mark with the index finger
If despite correct timing, the engine still does not work
fixed. At this precise moment, the pump of cylinder no. 1 must be
not properly, there is reason to continue the investigations further
at the start of injection.
by checking the injectors.
The start of injection is indicated by the rise of a quantity of
diesel fuel in the high pressure outlet connection.
Machine Translated by Google

1 When removing the

pump, unscrew and first
remove the high pressure
hoses from the supply
line . Then unscrew

the pump mounting nuts .

On the engines
GM Series Yanmar
as in the example above, 2 To remove the pump, tap with a chisel
removing the pump poses no and a hammer on the side of it. Never insert a screwdriver or chisel between
difficulty. the joint surface.

3 Once the pump is

4 - Start the pump, check the number and thickness of the shims.
unstuck, push the engine
stop lever back a few
centimeters.

6 Hold the
stop lever in the

position stated then

reinstall the pump.
This must be able to be
introduced without

resistance up to a
distance of 4 or

5 Before refitting the pump, push back the engine stop lever and match the 5 mm from the housing

slot in the regulator lever with the notch for passing through the injection pump rack. distribution.
Screw the pump back on.
Machine Translated by Google

7 Locate the location of the timing marks on the engine. 8 The start of injection on a cylinder is indicated by the rise of
In the photo (Yanmar engine), a window created in the reverser bell a quantity of diesel on the outlet
allows you to view it. When the moving mark passes in front of the high pressure of the oomoe of iniection.
fixed mark, the injection pump is at the start of injection on the
cylinder concerned.

9 Spin

the engine very

slowly as you
approach the 10 After installing the control tube, turn the engine by hand a
injection site few revolutions to make the diesel rise in the tube. Align the level
in order to have an using the bleeder screw. The start of the rise of diesel in the tube
accurate reading. signals the start of injection.

The timing value defined by the manufacturer determines a position of the crankshaft The principle remains the same as before. This involves checking the agreement of

(indicated on the flywheel). the injection pump mark with that

As a general rule, it is indicated before TDC. of the engine flywheel.

Look on the engine for the timing point. If, during verification, non-alignment is noticed

The alignment mark is visible through a window made of the mark or the piston lift value does not correspond with the timing mark, it is

on the flywheel housing. possible to correct this offset.

The search for the setting point is carried out by taking as a reference Loosen the fixing nuts.

ence a cylinder. In general, cylinder no. 1 located on the steering wheel side Rotate the pump lightly.
engine. Tighten the pump.

Finding the setting point on rotary pumps varies Recheck the timing.

depending on the type of pump assembly and requires material Purge the fuel system before starting.

specific material (freelance, comparator) available from the manufacturer Adjust the slow motion

tor. Refer to the repair manual. The operation If despite correct timing, the engine still does not work
consists of controlling the position, at the start of the injection, of the piston of the not properly, there is reason to pursue further investments

hydraulic head. tigations by checking the injectors.

Machine Translated by Google

CHECKING THE TIMING OF A ROTARY INJECTION PUMP

This involves synchronizing the movements of the injection

pump with those of the crankshaft and camshaft.

Flywheel

Checking the start of injection of the hydraulic head Remove

the inspection hatch to access the marks, or the hydraulic head
bleed screw depending on the pump model.
Position the comparator. Look for the bottom dead center of the hydraulic
head piston. Set the comparator to zero.

Injection pump Comparator

High pressure
hose

Checking the timing point on the flywheel Slowly turn the

crankshaft in the direction of travel (clockwise when viewed from
the front) until the pin can enter the timing hole marking top dead
center. Compare the value indicated with that of the manufacturer.

If the value recorded is not correct to the nearest 51100 mm, correct the timing by
rotating the pump body using the buttonholes.
If the value is too low, turn the pump clockwise from the rear. Reverse this direction
if the value is too high.
Tighten the mounting nuts. Remove the pin then turn the motor in the opposite
direction of rotation by approximately 45°. Check zero

of the comparator and check the timing again.