Bvc college of engineering(A)

TOPIC NAME :
RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION

THIS PROJECT HAS BEEN COMPLETED THROUGH THE EFFORTS OF :

236M1A..

226M1A0471 V. TEJOVARDHAN
 RADIO
FREQUENCY
IDENTIFICATION
(RFId)
 WHAT IS RFID?
 Radio Frequency Identification is an identification system used for retail and
wholesale, security, veterinary, and military purposes. The RFID technology
sector is growing rapidly as new uses for it are found.

 Technology used to track and identify a person means of radio transmission or

object by means of radio transmission.

 RFID systems can be either active or passive.

 You may be surprised to find that you have been using RFID technology for years
without knowing it
 "Origins of rfid: Discovering the Who
and when it was Invented"

Father of rfid?
Charles Alfred Dodgsons Walton (is
best known as the first patent holder
for the RFID (radio frequency
identification) device.

When did rfid invented?

It was invented on December 11, 1921 – Charles Alfred
November 6, 2011 Dodgsons Walton
 History of rfid
 1948 military - tracking purpose (IFF) Identify Friend and Foe.

 1980 - sales and marketing -cheap cost.

 2005 - used to track tools, equipment, inventory, assets, people, or other

objects.
 Nowadays it RFID has wide range of applications like - to search, identify,
track, and communicate with items and people.
 Components of rfid

They where three main components of a basic RFID system

 RFID TAG (TRANSPONDER)

 ANTENNA

 RFID READER (INTERROGATOR)

 RFID TAGS CLASSIFICATION

We are having two classes of RFID Tags one is Passive and another one is Active, based on the means
in which they receive power:

PASSIVE

 Power source is provided by the RFID Reader's generated field

 Smaller size tags, must be within close range of reader (~2m) Passive tag

Active

 Have an internal power source

 Larger more expensive, shorter life
 Longer reading ranges, more memory
Active tag
 Passive rfid
Passive RFID

Passive RFID devices are RF tags that do not have an attached power supply. The
passive RF tags receive their power when it is emitted from active antennas in close
proximity.

Passive RFID tags generally operate at distinct frequencies:

Low Frequency (LF) 125-134 kHz

High Frequency (HF) 13.56 MHz
Ultra High Frequency (UHF) 856 MHz to 960 MHz
 Active rfid
Active RFID devices are RF tags with an attached power supply
These tags emit a signal whether or not there is an antenna in the
vicinity to receive the data.

Active RFID devices have the capability to transmit signals over

longer distances
 HOW DOES RFID WORK?

RFID Tag (Transponder)

►Consists of a microchip and an antenna

►Attached to an object to be tracked (vary in size)
►Stores information about the object (ID number, kilobytes, dynamic info maintained)
►Read only or read/write
►Contact-less, Non-line of sight
►Read Range: few inches to hundreds of ft.
 HOW DOES antenna WORK?
Anteena
 An antenna (or aerial) is an duplexer which converts electric
power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is used for
communication between reader and tags.

 Antennas come in various designs and configurations tailored for

specific frequencies and communication needs, ensuring efficient
transmission and reception of signals.

 In RFID systems, antennas are designed to maximize the read

range and reliability of communication between the reader and
tags, optimizing data transfer efficiency for inventory
management, access control, and other applications.
 HOW DOES RFID READER WORK?

RFID Reader (Interrogator)

 Retrieves information from the RFID Tag

 Detects/Activates tag, reads and writes data to tag
 May consist of a signal processor, operating system, antenna,
virtual memory, and transmitter/receiver unit
 Active or Passive
HOW DOES RFID WORK?
frequency
 advantages
 An RFID system is the noncontact, non-line-of- sight nature of the technology.
 It enhance Efficiency, traceability of production.
 Hundred of tags can be read in seconds.
 They can be combined with sensors.
 It not only saves time but also provides real time information & data access to
anybody.
 RFID tags can store a lot of information, and follow instructions
 Has the ability to pinpoint location
 Reliability.
 disadvantages
 Active RFID can be expensive because of batteries.
 There still needs to be regulations about RFID guidelines.
 There is a privacy concern towards RFID devices, for example some claim that Wal-
Mart is infringing on natural rights by overseeing what customers buy.
 RFID may be easily intercepted, even if it is Encrypted.
 It takes a lengthy time to program RFID devices
 Any body can access information about anything.
 It is possible to compromise an RFID system by wrapping the protected material in two
to three layers of ordinary household foil to block the radio signal.
 applications
RFID tags come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes; they may be encased in a variety
of materials:
 Animal tracking tags, inserted beneath the skin, can be rice-sized.
 Tags can be screw-shaped to identify trees or wooden items.
 Credit-card shaped for use in access applications.
 The anti-theft hard plastic tags attached to merchandise in stores are also RFID
tags.
 Heavy-duty 120 by 100 by 50 millimeter rectangular transponders are used to track
shipping containers, or heavy machinery, trucks, and railroad cars.
 applications
 Use RFID if you want to wirelessly identify something without line of sight.
 Use RFID if you want a computing device but not humans to see the ID.
 Use in tracking assets, people, documents, car or any important thing which wanted
to be tracked.
 Airport Security/Baggage: Track and identify passengers and airline luggage
 Medical: Restricting access; tracking patients and guests with authorized wristbands;
tracking babies (to reduce risk of abduction); tracking of medicine and equipment;
 Postal Services: Tracking of mail/packages
 Future of rfid
The future of electronics, RFID and antennas is quite interesting. 1 Material innovations in organic polymers,
Nano technology, meta materials; and innovations in processing such as advances in photolithography,
electron-beam lithography direct laser/optical lithography, electrophoretic; new battery/power technologies-
the whole area of printed electronics on organic new material, cloth and paper, all are in motion to step by step
transform the semiconductor world. More flexible and cheaper production will enable a new generation of
RFID growth.
 conclusion
 It is an another TECH REVOLUTION which will change our lives completely And it
will be used 24/7days.
 The billion dollar industry that RFID has evolved into has done great good for a lot of
different fields. RFID has given doctors the ability for quick access to patients records,
the assurance of accounted merchandise for small business and large alike, and the
government the ability to conduct taxes for tolls in this technological day and age. But
with as many benefits as it has, Radio Frequency Identification's overwhelming
credibility is balanced out by the criticism against it. Though RFID allows for the
allocation and distribution of sensitive information, if that information is compromised,
the effects could be devastating. For there to be order in the realm of RFID, legislation
and guidelines need to be set up and enforced to ensure the integrity and confidence of
the data being communicated, which will in turn help Radio Frequency Identifications
emerge as more secure and advanced.
THANK YOU
EVERYONE
FOR YOUR
PATIENCE!!