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The document discusses key concepts in genetics, including autosomal and sex-linked genes, with examples like color blindness and hemophilia. It explains criss-cross inheritance, types of hemophilia, and defines mutation and sickle cell anemia. The focus is on genetic disorders and their inheritance patterns.

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5 views

Untitled document

The document discusses key concepts in genetics, including autosomal and sex-linked genes, with examples like color blindness and hemophilia. It explains criss-cross inheritance, types of hemophilia, and defines mutation and sickle cell anemia. The focus is on genetic disorders and their inheritance patterns.

Uploaded by

kalpanapriyam213
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Biology (Genetics - Tuition questions)

Question - 1
What are autosomal genes and sex linked genes ?

Autosomal Genes: Genes located on the autosomes, which are the 22 pairs of chromosomes
that are not involved in determining the sex of an individual.

Sex-Linked Genes: Genes located on the sex chromosomes (X and Y chromosomes), which
are involved in determining the sex of an individual and exhibit different inheritance patterns
between males and females.

Question - 2
Write two examples of sex linked inheritance.

1) Colour-blindness
2) Haemophilia

Question - 3
What is colour blindness ?

Colour blindness is an inherited disease due to which affected individuals cannot differentiate
between certain colours, mostly red and green.

Question - 4
What do you mean by Criss-Cross inheritance ?

Inheritance of X-linked genes as in colour blindness and haemophilia is also called criss-cross
inheritance. This is because the son may get it from the otherwise normal but carrier mother and
a colour blind father may pass it on to the daughter making her colour-blind if the mother is a
carrier.

Question - 5
What is Haemoplilia ?

Haemophilia is a genetic disorder in which the sufferers (homozygous recessive female and the
recessive X-bearing male) are at a risk of bleeding to death because the blood fails to clot in
them. Rare cases of haemophiliac males do occur but practically none of haemophiliac females.

Question - 6
What are the different types of Haemophilia ?

● Hemophilia A and B are both X-linked recessive disorders, primarily affecting males,
with female carriers having a 50% chance of passing the defective gene to their sons.
Symptoms of both types include severe bleeding episodes, but they differ in the deficient
clotting factor (VIII for A and IX for B).
Biology (Genetics - Tuition questions)
● Hemophilia C is an autosomal recessive disorder, affecting both males and females
equally, with generally milder symptoms involving prolonged bleeding after trauma or
surgery.

Question - 7
Define Mutation.

Mutation is a sudden change in one or more genes, or in the number or in the structure of
chromosomes.

Question - 8
What is Sickle cell anaemia ?

Sickle cell anaemia is a blood disease caused by a gene mutation. The mutation causes change
in the DNA resulting in the production of sickle-shaped RBCs.

Question - 9

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