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Sure Shot Questions

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Chap 10 : Wave Optics

1. (a) If one of two identical slits producing interference in Young’s experiment is
covered with glass, so that the light intensity passing through it is reduced to 50%,
find the ratio of the maximum and minimum intensity of the fringe in the
interference pattern.
(b) What king of fringes do you expect to observe if white light is used instead of
monochromatic light?

2. (a) Why are coherent sources necessary to produce a sustained interference pattern?
(b) In Young’s double slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength 𝜆, the
intensity of light at a point on the screen where path difference is 𝜆, is K units. Find
out the intensity of light at a point where path difference is 𝜆/3.

3. A parallel beam of light of 500 nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting diffraction
pattern is observed on a screen 1 m away. It is observed that the first minimum is at
a distance of 2.5 mm from the centre of the screen. Calculate the width of the slit.

4. In the diffraction due to a single slit experiment, the aperture of the slit is 3 mm. if
monochromatic light of wavelength 620 nm is incident normally on the slit, calculate
the separation between the first order minima and the 3rd order maxima on one side
of the screen. The distance between the slit and the screen is 1.5 m.

5. Use Huygen’s principle to verify the laws of refraction.

6. (i) Define a wavefront. How it is different from a ray?

(ii) Depict the shape of a wavefront in each of the following cases.
a. Light diverging from point source.
b. Light emerging out of a convex lens when a point source is placed at its focus.
c. Using Huygens construction of secondary wavelets, draw a diagram showing
the passage of a plane wavefront from a denser into a rarer medium.

7. Use Huygens’ Principle to explain the formation of diffraction pattern due to a single
slit illuminated by a monochromatic source of light.
When the width of the slit is made double the original width, how would this affect
the size and intensity of the central diffraction band?
8. Use Huygens’ Principle to show how a plane wavefront propagates from a denser to
a rarer medium. Hence, Verify Snell’s law of refraction.
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9. Define the term ‘coherent sources’ which are required to produce interference
pattern in Young’s double slit experiment.

10.Draw the intensity pattern for single slit diffraction and double slit interference.
Hence, state two differences between interference and diffraction patterns.

11.Find the intensity at appoint on a screen in Young’s double slit experiment where the
interfering waves have a path difference of (i) λ/6, and (ii) λ/2.

12.Write the distinguishing features between a diffraction pattern due to a single slit
and the interference fringes produced in Young’s double slit experiment.

13.Yellow light (λ = 6000 Å) illuminates a single slit of width 1 x 10-4 m. Calculate : (i) the
distance between the two dark lines on either side of central maximum, when the
diffraction pattern is viewed on a screen kept 1.5 m away from the slit, (ii) The
angular spread of the first diffraction minimum.

14.Give reasons:
i. When monochromatic light is incident on a surface separating two media, the
reflected and refracted light both have the same frequency as the incident
frequency.
ii. When light travels from rarer to a denser medium, the speed decreases. Does
this decrease in speed imply a reduction in the energy carried by the wave?
iii. In the wave picture of the light, intensity of light is determined by the square
of the amplitude of the wave. What determines the intensity in the photon
picture of light?

15.(a) What are coherent sources of light? State two conditions for two light sources to
be coherent.
Describe briefly how bright and dark fringes are obtained on the screen kept in front
of a double slit.
Derive a mathematical expression for the width of interference fringes obtained in
Young’s double slit experiment with the help of a suitable diagram.

(b)The ratio of the intensities at minima to the maxima in the Young’s double slit
experiment is 9:25. Find the ratio of the widths of the two slits.

(c) If s is the size of the source and b its distance from the plane of the two slits, what
should be the criterion for the interference fringe to be seen?

16. (a) In Young’s double slit experiment, deduce the conditions for (i) constructive, and
(ii) destructive interference at a point on the screen. Draw a graph showing variation
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of the resultant intensity in the interference pattern against pattern against position
‘X’ on the screen.
(a) Compare and contrast the pattern which is seen with two coherently illuminated
narrow slits in Young’s experiment with that seen for a coherently illuminated
single slit producing diffraction.

17.What is interference of light? Write two essential conditions for sustained

interference pattern to be produced on the screen.
Draw a graph showing the variation of intensity versus the position on the screen in
Young’s experiment when (a) both the slits are opened and (b) one of the slits is
closed.
What is the effect on the interference pattern in Young’s double slit experiment
when:
i. Screen is moved closer to the plane of slits?
ii. Separation between two slits is increased?
Explain your answer in each case.
18.Use Huygens’ Principle to explain the formation of diffraction pattern due to a single
slit illuminated by a monochromatic source of light.
When the width of slit is made double the original width, how this affect the size and
intensity of the central diffraction band?

19.In Young’s double slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength λ, the
intensity at a point on the screen where path difference is λ is K units. What is the
𝜋
intensity of light at a point where path difference is ?
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20. Light of wavelength 6 × 10−5 𝑐𝑚 falls on a screen at a distance of 100 cm from a

narrow slit. Find the width of the slit if the first minima lies 1 mm on either side of
the central maximum.

21. In a single slit diffraction experiment first minimum for 𝜆1 = 660 𝑛𝑚 coincides with
first maxima for wavelength 𝜆2 Calculate 𝜆2 .

22. Yellow light (𝜆 = 6000 Å) illuminates a single slit of width 1 × 10−4 m. Calculate
the distance between two dark lines on either side of the central maximum, when
the diffraction pattern is viewed on a screen kept 1.5 𝑚 away from the slit.

23. In Young's double slit experiment, the two slits 0.15 mm apart are illuminated by
monochromatic light of wavelength 450 nm. The screen is 1.0 maway from the slits.
(a) Find the distance of the second (i) bright fringe, (ii) dark fringe from the central
maximum.
(b) How will the fringe pattern change if the screen is moved away from the slits?

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24.(a) Is Huygens principle valid for longitudinal sound waves?

(b) Why is the diffraction of sound waves more evident in daily experience than that
of light wave?
(c) If one of the slits in Young's double slit experiment is fully closed, the new pattern
has _____central maximum in angular size.

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