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AVOIR

The document provides a comprehensive overview of the French verb 'avoir' (to have), including its conjugation, primary uses for possession, age, emotions, and actions, as well as examples of sentences. It also explains the use of 'avoir' as an auxiliary verb in the Passé Composé tense, detailing the formation and characteristics of transitive verbs. Additionally, it lists common verbs that use 'avoir' as the auxiliary along with their past participles.

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38 views

AVOIR

The document provides a comprehensive overview of the French verb 'avoir' (to have), including its conjugation, primary uses for possession, age, emotions, and actions, as well as examples of sentences. It also explains the use of 'avoir' as an auxiliary verb in the Passé Composé tense, detailing the formation and characteristics of transitive verbs. Additionally, it lists common verbs that use 'avoir' as the auxiliary along with their past participles.

Uploaded by

helena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conjugation of "avoir" (to have):

- Je (I) - ai
- Tu (You) - as
- Il/Elle/On (He/She/One) - a
- Nous (We) - avons
- Vous (You/Plural) - avez
- Ils/Elles (They) - ont

Avoir (to have):


Avoir, to have, what we possess, it's about ownership. Avoir is
primarily used for possession, age, ownership, emotions (scared),
and actions.

- J'ai un jouet. (I have a toy.)


- Tu as un chat. (You have a cat.)
- Il a une pomme. (He has an apple.)
- Elle a une poupée. (She has a doll.)
- Nous avons des bonbons. (We have candies.)
- Vous avez un chapeau. (You have a hat.)
- Ils ont un chat et un chien. (They have a cat and a dog.)
- Elles ont des amis à l'école. (They have friends at school.)

- J'ai un livre. (I have a book.)


- Tu as un chien. (You have a dog.)
- Il a une voiture. (He has a car.)
- Elle a une fleur. (She has a flower.)
- Nous avons un gâteau. (We have a cake.)
- Ils ont une voiture rouge. (They have a red car.)
- Elles ont des fleurs dans le jardin. (They have flowers in the garden.)

"Avoir" (to have):


- Possession: One of the primary uses of "avoir" is to express
possession or ownership. Example: J'ai une voiture. (I have a car.)
- Age: Another common use is to express age. Example: J'ai dix-huit
ans. (I am eighteen years old.)
- Emotions and Physical Sensations: "Avoir" is also used to express
emotions or physical sensations. Example: J'ai peur. (I am scared.)
- Actions and Events: It's used to express actions or events that one
"has" to do. Example: J'ai rendez-vous avec le médecin. (I have an
appointment with the doctor.)

**Ils ont (They have):**


1. Ils ont un vélo. (They have a bike.)
2. Ils ont un chat et un chien. (They have a cat and a dog.)
3. Ils ont des livres et des crayons. (They have books and pencils.)
4. Ils ont une voiture rouge. (They have a red car.)
5. Ils ont une grande maison. (They have a big house.)

**Elles ont (They have):**


1. Elles ont une poupée. (They have a doll.)
2. Elles ont des fleurs dans le jardin. (They have flowers in the garden.)
3. Elles ont des amis à l'école. (They have friends at school.)
4. Elles ont une belle robe. (They have a beautiful dress.)
5. Elles ont un petit chaton. (They have a little kitten.)

**Passé Composé with "Avoir":**


1. **Most verbs**: The majority of verbs use "avoir" as the auxiliary verb
in Passé Composé.
- Example: "J'ai mangé une pomme." (I ate an apple.)

2. **Transitive verbs**: Verbs that have a direct object usually use


"avoir."
- Example: "Elle a acheté un livre." (She bought a book.)

3. **No agreement with subject**: In Passé Composé with "avoir," the


past participle does not agree with the subject.
- Example: "Elle a mangé." (She ate.) - "mangé" does not change
regardless of the gender or number of the subject.

By understanding these distinctions, you can determine whether to use


"être" or "avoir" as the auxiliary verb in Passé Composé based on the
verb's characteristics and the context of the sentence.
**Verbs with "Avoir" as the Auxiliary:**
1. Manger (to eat)
2. Boire (to drink)
3. Acheter (to buy)
4. Vendre (to sell)
5. Regarder (to watch)
6. Écouter (to listen)
7. Lire (to read)
8. Écrire (to write)
9. Parler (to speak)
10. Visiter (to visit)

2. **Passé Composé with Auxiliary "Avoir":**


- Formation: Subject Pronoun + Auxiliary Verb "Avoir" conjugated in
present tense (ai, as, a, avons, avez, ont) + Past Participle of the Main
Verb (e.g., mangé, fini, écrit)
- Used for most transitive verbs and verbs expressing an action.

1. **Auxiliary Verb:** An auxiliary verb, also known as a helping verb, is


a verb used in forming the tenses, moods, and voices of other verbs. In
English, the primary auxiliary verbs are "be," "have," and "do." They are
used alongside the main verb to express nuances in tense, aspect, or
mood. For example:
- "I **am** going to the store." (Here, "am" is the auxiliary verb
indicating the present continuous tense.)
- "She **has** finished her homework." (Here, "has" is the auxiliary
verb indicating the present perfect tense.)
- "He **did** his homework yesterday." (Here, "did" is the auxiliary verb
indicating the past tense.)

2. **Transitive Verb:** A transitive verb is a verb that takes an object. In


other words, it requires a direct object to complete its meaning. The
action of the verb is done to or affects the direct object. For example:
- "She **ate** (transitive verb) **an apple**." (Here, "ate" is the
transitive verb, and "an apple" is the direct object.)
- "He **read** (transitive verb) **the book**." (Here, "read" is the
transitive verb, and "the book" is the direct object.)
- "They **built** (transitive verb) **a house**." (Here, "built" is the
transitive verb, and "a house" is the direct object.)

So, in summary:
- Auxiliary verbs help to form tenses, moods, and voices of other verbs.
- Transitive verbs require a direct object to complete their meaning.

**Verbs using "Avoir" as the Auxiliary Verb:**


1. Manger (to eat) - mangé(e)
2. Boire (to drink) - bu(e)
3. Finir (to finish) - fini(e)
4. Faire (to do/make) - fait(e)
5. Prendre (to take) - pris(e)
6. Lire (to read) - lu(e)
7. Écrire (to write) - écrit(e)
8. Avoir (to have) - eu
9. Pouvoir (to be able to) - pu
10. Voir (to see) - vu
11. Dire (to say/tell) - dit(e)
12. Savoir (to know) - su
13. Connaître (to know/meet) - connu(e)
14. Recevoir (to receive) - reçu(e)
15. Apprendre (to learn) - appris(e)

These verbs are commonly used in both spoken and written French, and
knowing their past participles will help you form correct sentences in the
passé composé tense.

**For "Avoir" Verbs:**


1. Take the infinitive form of the verb (e.g., manger, finir, prendre).
2. Remove the infinitive ending (-er, -ir, -re).
3. Add the appropriate past participle ending:
- For regular -er verbs, add "-é" (e.g., mangé).
- For regular -ir verbs, add "-i" (e.g., fini).
- For regular -re verbs, add "-u" (e.g., pris).
Certainly! Here's the list of verbs with their past participles properly
listed:

1. **Avoir (to have) - eu**


2. **Vendre (to sell) - vendu**
3. **Mettre (to put) - mis**
4. **Prendre (to take) - pris**
5. **Vouloir (to want) - voulu**
6. **Attendre (to wait) - attendu**
7. **Offrir (to offer) - offert**
8. **Être (to be) - été**
9. **Réussir (to succeed) - réussi**
10. **Écrire (to write) - écrit**
11. **Pouvoir (to be able to) - pu**
12. **Recevoir (to receive) - reçu**
13. **Lire (to read) - lu**
14. **Dire (to say) - dit**
15. **Voir (to see) - vu**
16. **Savoir (to know) - su**
17. **Connaître (to know) - connu**
18. **Tenir (to hold) - tenu**

Each verb is followed by its past participle.

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