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Project on Earthquakes

The document discusses earthquakes, their causes, and impacts, highlighting the importance of preparedness and response systems. It details recent major earthquakes in Turkey-Syria and Morocco, along with measures taken by the Indian government to enhance disaster readiness. The conclusion emphasizes the need for collective efforts to minimize the effects of earthquakes through awareness and proper construction practices.

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19 views

Project on Earthquakes

The document discusses earthquakes, their causes, and impacts, highlighting the importance of preparedness and response systems. It details recent major earthquakes in Turkey-Syria and Morocco, along with measures taken by the Indian government to enhance disaster readiness. The conclusion emphasizes the need for collective efforts to minimize the effects of earthquakes through awareness and proper construction practices.

Uploaded by

zedanrahman645
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Project on Earthquakes

Introduction
An earthquake is one of natural calamities, which is the sudden
release of energy at the Earth’s surface and in its crust that leads to
ground shaking. It is common along the tectonic plate margins and
may result in devastation with social, physical and economic impacts.

What is an Earthquake?
Earthquakes are caused by tectonic movements of the earths crust,
volcanic activities or by human interference such as mining. An
earthquake harnesses energy, and in the process, sends waves spread
across the earth’s surface. The place in the earth that the shock starts
is called focus and the point on the surface of the earth directly above
the focus is called epicentre.

Causes of Earthquakes
Natural Causes:
Earthquakes that occur along the plate boundaries and along the
faults.
Small earthquakes generated by volcanic activity.
Slope failures caused by ground movement.
Various Warning Systems Around the World
Countries like Japan and the USA have advanced early warning
systems. Japan uses real-time seismic monitoring and mobile alerts,
while the USA’s ShakeAlert system provides warnings seconds before
the tremors. India’s National Centre for Seismology is working on
similar systems to enhance disaster preparedness.
Recent Major Earthquakes
1. Turkey-Syria Earthquake of 2023
Date: February 6, 2023
Magnitude: 7.8
Epicenter: Near Gaziantep, Turkey
Impact: More than fifty thousand people killed and extensive losses in
Turkey and Syria. Low standard buildings contributed to the escalation
of the calamity.
2. Morocco Earthquake (2023)
Date: September 8, 2023
Magnitude: 6.8
Epicenter: Al Haouz Province, Morocco
Impact: More than 2900 people died, there are considerable losses in
the High Atlas Mountains and Marrakech.
The following are the measures taken by the Indian Government.
New building codes have been enacted in India and a new
organization called the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) has
been established to respond quickly. They also make use of awareness
campaigns and mock drills all within the premises of schools and
offices.

Suggestions and Awareness


People need to know how to protect themselves in an earthquake,
and knowledge about practices such as “Drop, Cover, and Hold” will
help. They raise the need of propagating construction of earthquake-
resistant structures and the main core programs in cases of disaster.

Conclusion
Earthquake is not a new phenomenon and it is controllable if people,
buildings and structures, and government take necessary precautions
and preparations. By combined efforts of governments and citizens,
their effects can be greatly minimized.

All of this project is handwritten: pictures and maps connected with it.

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