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Random Variable v4

The document discusses Slovin's formula for determining sample size in surveys, providing examples with different population sizes and margins of error. It also explains random variables, counting rules, permutations, and combinations, along with probability distribution tables for discrete random variables. Additionally, it includes calculations for expected values and probabilities related to various scenarios, such as coin tosses and soccer game outcomes.

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4 views

Random Variable v4

The document discusses Slovin's formula for determining sample size in surveys, providing examples with different population sizes and margins of error. It also explains random variables, counting rules, permutations, and combinations, along with probability distribution tables for discrete random variables. Additionally, it includes calculations for expected values and probabilities related to various scenarios, such as coin tosses and soccer game outcomes.

Uploaded by

gbmanozo7568qc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SLOVIN’S RANDOM

FORMULA VARIABLE
HI
SLOVIN’S
FORMULA
1. A researcher plans to conduct a 2. Suppose you plan to conduct a study
survey. If the population on a among 3,250 grade 11 students
Marikina City is 1,000,000, find the enrolled in OLFU. How many
sample size if he allow a 5% margin of respondents are needed using a
error. margin of error 10%?
Practice!!!
MARGIN OF
POPULATION (N) SAMPLE SIZE (n)
ERROR (e)
1 100,250 5% 399
2 9,400 8% 154
3 650,550 6% 278
4
45,900 2% 2371
5 5,000 3% 910
SLOVIN’S RANDOM
FORMULA VARIABLE
HI
RANDOM It is a function or rule that
assigns a number to each
VARIABLE outcome of an experiment,
denoted by X.
A random variable can be
discrete or continuous.
Counting Rules
To determine the number of all possible outcomes for a
sequence of events, two rules can be used: the
permutation rule, and the combination rule.
Permutation is an arrangement of Combination is a set of objects in
objects in a definite order. a no particular order.
(order is important) (order is not important)

nPr nCr
Given the letters A, B, C, and D, list the permutations and
combinations for selecting two letters.
The permutations are;
AB BA CA DA
AC BC CB DB
AD BD CD DC
The combinations are;
AB BA CA DA
AC BC CB DB
AD BD CD DC
1. How many ways can 7 persons sit in a row of three chairs
if they sit three at a time?

nPr 7P3

2. How many two-digit numbers can be formed from the


digits 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, if repetition of digits is not allowed?

nPr 9P 2
3. How many group of 3 persons can be formed from 5
persons?

nCr 5C3

4. How many committees of 3 members can be formed form


a group of 4 boys and 10 girls if a committee is composed of
2 boys and 1 girl?

4C2 10C1
If X is a random variable define by the number of tails
of tossing a coin twice.
Sample Space:
S = { HH, HT, TH, TT }
Possible Values of each Random Variable
X = { 0, 1, 2 }
Probability Distribution Table
X 0 1 2
P(X) 1/4 1/2 1/4
If X is a random variable
define by the possible sum
if throwing two dice.
Sample Space:

Possible Values of each Random Variable


X = { 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 }
Probability Distribution Table
X 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
P(X) 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.14 0.17 0.14 0.11 0.08 0.06 0.03
DISCRETE PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
It refers to the random variable that takes only a
limited or countable number of values
1. The probability of an outcome is between
0 and 1.
2. The sum of all possible outcomes is 1.
Determine if the given probability distribution
table a discrete or not.
discrete

not discrete

not discrete
Complete the discrete probability distribution
table.
X 1 7 11 14 12
0.15
P(X) 0.07 0.15 0.42 0.21 0.15
?

X 15 16 34 26 25
0.03
P(X) 0.25 0.03
? 0.30 0.30 0.12
X 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 0.11 0.22 0.33
? 0.25 0.09
0.33
Find the values of the given probabilities given
this discrete probability distribution table.
X 1 2 3 4 5
P(X) 0.05 0.34 0.13 0.29 0.19
1. P(X=3) = 0.13 4. P(1 ≤ X < 4)= 0.05+0.34+0.13
=0.52
2. P(X≤2) = 0.05+0.34=0.39
3. P(2 ≤ X ≤ 4)= 0.34+0.13+0.29 5. P(1 ≤ X ≤ 5)= 1
= 0.76
The table shows the probability that a soccer team
scores a goal in each game.
X 0 1 2 3 4
P(X) 0.18 0.34 0.35 0.11 0.02
1. What is the probability that the team scores exactly 2 goals?
= 0.35=35%
2. What is the probability that the team scores less than 3 goals?
= 0.87=87%
3. What is the probability that the team scores 3 or more goals?
= 0.13=13%
MEAN or EXPECTED
VALUE OF PROBABILITY
DISTRIBUTION
(X) P(x)
0 0 0 0
1 0.38 1 0.38
2 0.74 4 1.48
3 0.36 9 1.08
1.48 2.94
(X) P(x)
19 6.46 361 122.74
15 5.40 225 81
18 1.80 324 32.4
12 2.40 144 28.8
16.06 264.94
(X) P(x)

0 0 0 0

1 0.50 1 0.50

2 0.36 4 0.72

3 0.24 9 0.72

4 0.05 0.20 16 0.80

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