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The document compares RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) and CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing) architectures, highlighting their design philosophies, performance implications, and real-world applications. RISC is favored in mobile and embedded systems for its energy efficiency, while CISC is used in general-purpose computing like desktops and servers. Examples of RISC-based devices include the Apple iPhone 14 Pro, Google Pixel 7, and Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra, which benefit from high performance and battery life.

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Carl Ghogeh
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2 views

Assurance F Assg

The document compares RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing) and CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing) architectures, highlighting their design philosophies, performance implications, and real-world applications. RISC is favored in mobile and embedded systems for its energy efficiency, while CISC is used in general-purpose computing like desktops and servers. Examples of RISC-based devices include the Apple iPhone 14 Pro, Google Pixel 7, and Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra, which benefit from high performance and battery life.

Uploaded by

Carl Ghogeh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CARL GHOGEH VEZHUGHO

UBa24EP434

Advance computer Architecture

Level 600

Computer Engineering

NAHPI

Question 1: By examining devices that employ each architecture, uncover the practical implications
and performance differences between RISC and CISC designs in real-world
applications. citing examples?

Differences Between RISC and CISC Architectures in Real-World Applications;

RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computing):

 Design Philosophy: RISC architecture focuses on a small set of simple instructions executed
quickly. Instructions are generally of fixed length and can be executed in a single clock cycle.
 Performance Implications: RISC designs emphasize efficiency, power savings, and higher clock
speeds. This makes them ideal for mobile and embedded systems where energy efficiency is
critical.
 Devices Using RISC: Most smartphones and embedded systems rely on RISC architecture,
particularly ARM processors. Examples include iPhones, Android devices, and IoT devices.

CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing):

 Design Philosophy: CISC architecture incorporates a larger set of complex instructions that may
take multiple clock cycles to execute. The goal is to reduce the number of instructions needed
for a task.
 Performance Implications: CISC designs prioritize versatility and backward compatibility, making
them suitable for general-purpose computing. They are often used in desktop PCs and servers.
 Devices Using CISC: Intel and AMD processors in desktops and laptops predominantly use the
x86 architecture, a CISC design.

Practical Implications and Performance Differences

 Energy Efficiency: RISC-based devices like smartphones dominate due to their energy-saving
benefits, as seen in iPhones and Android devices. CISC processors, used in laptops and desktops,
require more power but excel in tasks demanding high computational versatility.
 Application-Specific Optimizations: ARM-based chips (RISC) in mobile devices are optimized for
specific workloads like AI and graphics, providing a superior user experience. In contrast, x86
processors (CISC) in PCs prioritize general-purpose computing.
 Cost and Complexity: RISC processors are simpler and cheaper to manufacture, making them
ideal for mass-market devices. CISC designs are more complex but offer extensive functionality
suitable for enterprise environments.

Question 2:Select at least 3 phone models and say which architecture they use and how
it affects them.

Examples of Phones and Their Architectures are;

1. Apple iPhone 14 Pro (A16 Bionic Chip):


 Architecture: RISC-based ARM architecture.
 Impact: The A16 Bionic chip uses ARM's energy-efficient architecture to deliver high
performance while maintaining excellent battery life. RISC’s simpler instruction set allows for
seamless multitasking, optimized app performance, and advanced features like real-time AI
computations.

2. Google Pixel 7 (Tensor G2):

 Architecture: RISC-based ARM architecture.


 Impact: The Tensor G2 chip focuses on AI and machine learning capabilities, leveraging ARM's
RISC design for efficient performance in features like real-time translation, advanced image
processing, and personalized user experiences. Its power efficiency extends battery life.

3. Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra (Snapdragon 8 Gen 2):

 Architecture: RISC-based ARM architecture.


 Impact: The Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 leverages the ARM architecture for efficient processing and
advanced GPU performance. This ensures high-speed gaming, smooth multimedia experiences,
and low power consumption, critical for a flagship device.

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