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Database Security

Database security focuses on protecting databases from unauthorized access and threats to ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and availability through measures like authentication and encryption. Network security safeguards information as it travels across networks using hardware and software solutions such as firewalls and VPNs. Firewalls act as barriers between trusted and untrusted networks, filtering traffic based on security rules, while Intrusion Detection Systems monitor for unauthorized access and malicious behavior.

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5 views

Database Security

Database security focuses on protecting databases from unauthorized access and threats to ensure data confidentiality, integrity, and availability through measures like authentication and encryption. Network security safeguards information as it travels across networks using hardware and software solutions such as firewalls and VPNs. Firewalls act as barriers between trusted and untrusted networks, filtering traffic based on security rules, while Intrusion Detection Systems monitor for unauthorized access and malicious behavior.

Uploaded by

bkdaha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database Security

Database security involves protecting databases from unauthorized access, misuse, or threats to
ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability of stored data. Database security is the practice of
protecting a database from unauthorized access, theft, or misuse. This includes ensuring the
confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data stored within. Measures such as authentication, role-
based access control, and data encryption help prevent unauthorized users from accessing sensitive
information. Regular updates, patches, and audits further strengthen the database against vulnerabilities
and cyber threats. Backup strategies and disaster recovery plans are also critical to ensure data
availability in case of failures or breaches.
Key Concepts:

1. Access Control: Restricts who can access the database and what actions they can
perform.
2. Authentication: Verifies user identity through credentials (e.g., passwords, biometric
scans).
3. Encryption: Secures data in transit and at rest to prevent unauthorized access.
4. Data Masking: Conceals sensitive information to protect it from exposure.
5. Backup and Recovery: Ensures data can be restored after accidental loss or corruption.
6. Audit Trails: Tracks database activities for monitoring and identifying potential security
breaches.
7. Vulnerability Management: Regularly patches and updates database systems to mitigate
risks.

Network Security

Network security protects the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information as it


travels across networks. Network security is the process of securing a computer network infrastructure
against threats such as unauthorized access, data theft, or disruptions. It involves implementing
hardware and software solutions, such as secure configurations, firewalls, virtual private networks
(VPNs), and intrusion detection systems. Encryption protocols like TLS/SSL safeguard data in transit,
while network monitoring tools detect and respond to anomalies. By employing these measures,
network security ensures the safe transmission of information and maintains the overall integrity of
connected systems.
Key Concepts:

1. Firewalls: Monitor and control incoming and outgoing traffic based on security policies.
2. Encryption: Protects data during transmission (e.g., using SSL/TLS for secure
connections).
3. Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDPS): Monitors network traffic for
malicious activities.
4. Virtual Private Networks (VPNs): Securely connects remote users to a network.
5. Access Control: Enforces user authentication and restricts unauthorized access.
6. Network Segmentation: Divides a network into smaller segments to contain potential
breaches.
7. Antivirus and Anti-malware: Protects against malicious software attacks.
8. Regular Monitoring: Identifies unusual or suspicious network behavior.

Firewalls

Firewalls are network security devices or software that filter and monitor traffic between
networks based on predetermined security rules. A firewall is a security device or software that acts
as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks like the internet. It
monitors and controls incoming and outgoing traffic based on predefined security rules. Firewalls can
block malicious traffic, prevent unauthorized access, and mitigate threats such as distributed denial-of-
service (DDoS) attacks. They come in various types, including packet-filtering, stateful, proxy, and next-
generation firewalls, each designed to address specific security needs.

Types of Firewalls:

1. Packet-Filtering Firewalls: Analyze packets individually without tracking state.


2. Stateful Inspection Firewalls: Keep track of active connections and make decisions
based on connection state.
3. Proxy Firewalls: Act as intermediaries between users and resources.
4. Next-Generation Firewalls (NGFWs): Combine traditional firewall capabilities with
advanced features like application awareness and threat detection.

Functions:

 Blocks unauthorized access while permitting legitimate traffic.


 Protects against external threats, such as hackers and malware.
 Filters traffic based on IP address, port number, or protocol.

Intrusion Detection

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are tools that monitor network or system activities to detect
unauthorized access or malicious behavior. Intrusion detection systems (IDS) are tools or software
designed to detect suspicious activities or policy violations within a network or system. They analyze
traffic, logs, and user behavior to identify potential threats such as malware, unauthorized access, or
unusual patterns. IDS can be categorized as host-based (HIDS), which monitors individual devices, or
network-based (NIDS), which oversees network activity. While they don't actively block threats, they
provide alerts and logs, enabling security teams to respond quickly to potential breaches and improve
overall threat management
Types of IDS:

1. Network-Based IDS (NIDS): Monitors traffic across a network.


2. Host-Based IDS (HIDS): Monitors activities on a specific host or device.

Detection Methods:

 Signature-Based Detection: Identifies known attack patterns.


 Anomaly-Based Detection: Detects deviations from normal behavior.
Functions:

 Alerts administrators about potential threats.


 Logs suspicious activities for further investigation.
 Works in tandem with Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) to block detected threats
proactively.

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