CHAPTER -II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1 INTRODUCTION:
The review of literature is an important part of any research. It is the study of
relevant study of literature helps to set the context for and define research problem.
Number of literature available in public domain related to this topic. Many researchers
have focused light on this subject in India and other countries, which gives better idea
about this subject. Some of the important reviews of literature have been considered here
for discussion as follows. Various national and international books, journals and research
papers review have been taken here to understand this topic deeply. (Guthrie, 2010)
Kuppuswamy Sunitha, Narayan B. Shankar (2010), attended to focuses on
pros and cons of social networking sites on education of youth. It indicates that social
media has become obstacle in student’s education. While discussing negative points of
social media researcher doesn't forget to bring out positive side of the social media. To
achieve identified objectives researcher has conducted survey method and also used
questionnaire method. In the conclusion researcher has discussed strength and
weaknesses of social media in the educational context. It highlights merits of social
media compare to demerits. It advises that social media is a tool but it depends on users
wish how to use it. If students use social media in a wise way it will be boon for them. It
is not good or bad our action will decide it. It is best medium for students to make their
progress and fulfill their educational achievement.
Khan, Shahzad (2012) studied the “Impact of Social Networking Websites on
Students”. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of social networking
websites on students. The author also evaluates why mostly people use social networking
websites. Both primary and secondary data were collected and the primary data were
collected through questionnaire method. 168 respondents were randomly selected from
Khyber Paktoon Khwa, Peshawar, Pakistan. Respondents were only students who filled a
questionnaire and collected data were carefully assessed with the help of statistical
software i.e. SPSS software. This research study uses descriptive statistic and cross tabs
analysis to find out the result. Findings of the result showed that the students whose age
range from 15 to 25 mostly use networking websites for entertainment. 60% of male

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students commonly used social networking websites for knowledge. Graduate students
generally prefer social networking websites for entertainment. The analysis also showed
that 67% people used social networking websites due to influence of their friends.
Boyd and Nelson (2006) reported that the top ten social networking sites
developed with the passage of time, and its number of users increases from 46.8 million
to 68.8 million. This rating reveals the important information about how new generation
interacts with each other. Talking about law and Jurisdiction it is international law that
one must be 18 years old minimum to use social networking websites but unfortunately,
Lenhart and Madden (2007) calculated huge amount underage users which must be
violated. According to Linhart and Madden (2007) calculation it has been analyzed that
41% 12-13 years old and 61% 14-17 years old users in social networking websites.
Peluchefte and Karl (2008) this study highlights on the survey of mid-Western
University undergraduate youths regarding use of social networking sites and their
perceptions regarding the appropriate of information the post. It highlights how
information is exist and used by undergraduate students in the Midwestern University.
Hindi study researcher has highlighted that major respondents use Facebook to share
content photos videos and other information. Describe that respondents are more
comfortable with their friends’ classmates and family members to share their profiles and
access other profiles but they hesitate to give access their accounts to unknown people
which are not in their groups.
Coyle and Vaughn (2008) This study evaluated where is literature on social
networking sites. Through the survey method he found out that how students are engaged
in social networking sites. Researcher highlighted that the main purpose of using social
networking sites to make friends and keep in touch with them through social networking
sites. Social networking sites are new form of communication which is popular in the
students because of its easy accessibility.
Nicole Ellison (2008) In this research it indicated that use of social networking
sites has increased dramatically in the past growing world. Researcher has given I
opening statistics which shows that majority of between 18 and 19 years old who have
number friends on Facebook and Instagram. Facebook is the most commonly used social
networking site. It highlights that how students change their groups their profiles pictures

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according to the trend and make them available online easily. Statistic shows that
majority of the users use social networking sites more than 6 hours per week. As
compared to old youngsters are spending more time on the social networking sites. It
indicates that majority of female and girl respondents restricts their profiles or Facebook
account for the personal security. It is an attempt to understand use of social networking
sites, trends, adaptation and acceptance of social media and different social networking
sites by students.
Magan (2010) In the study of 'Role of social networking sites' states that social
media is a major evolution in the process of human communication. It has become a
modern trend of communication. It pointed out how social networking sites used by
students to connect and communicate to known and unknown people. It Also highlights
that modern generation is too much familiar with various social networking sites and
applications which helps them to communicate with each other regularly. Social media
has given a wider platform to meet thousands of people online to chat, gossip and share
their opinions, ideas and feelings every day. It also points out how new patterns of
communication, new language of messaging and chatting has emerged by the modern
generation. Social media has given wider excess to connect people throughout the world
in a new format of communication.
Neelima R. (2010) In this research paper 'The use of social networking sites
among students' highlighted that how individual pursue information by using technology-
based application. How individuals adapt new technology in their daily lives and how
they use it for various work. It also points out how social media has created modern
culture which is not only shaping individuals values their characters and their ideology
but also it has become a ritual of people and a communicative tool to express themselves
in the virtual world. In this article researcher discussed about social networking profiles
created adolescence on social media. It stated that people use social networking sites to
create and maintain their personal network and making the social world wider. It also
stated that these how individuals allow their friends and others to post interesting content
in their groups.
Wang, Qingya, Chen Wei, Liang Yu (2011), have studied on 'Effects of Social
Media on College Students'. It is an attempt of study the purpose of using social media by

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the college students. This study explores the advantages and disadvantages of student s
use of social networking sites. The result of the survey questionnaire indicates that 45%of
the sample admitted that they spent 6-8 hours per day checking social media sites, while
23% spent more than 8 hours; 20% spent 2-4 hours and only 12% spent less than 2 hours
on this task. The study concluded that while most college students used social media and
spent many hours, there was a negative aspect to college students use of social media.
researcher has used descriptive and exploratory research method. To collect data primary
method is used by researcher. The prime focus of the research is to identify what are the
most popular networking sites and their uses by college students.
Tariq, Waqas (2012), studied The Impact of Social Media and Social Networks
on Education and Students of Pakistan, studied the impact of social media on education,
students, and impact on life of teenagers. Further it describes how social networking
websites are auditory and dangerous for youth and teenagers. Findings indicated that
social network connect them with one another so that they not even bother to solve their
home tasks and they contact elders and seniors to help them in cloning their educational
material. Social networks provide a virtual life to the students, those students who not
even speak in front of anyone could feel freedom in their virtual life. The virtual life of
students distracts his thoughts from education towards other activities and by living
inside fantasy world students slowly starts to hate educated life and studies. According to
the survey a very large number of fake identities exist in social networks, these fake
identities perform many kinds of violation on social networks in which they register
themselves as a fake identity on name of someone else and upload of inappropriate
materials with fake identity.
Dr. Ormer J. L. (2012) In this research researcher focused on how youth posts
information and forward it to their friends. Researcher noticed that maximum number of
students forward information which is not appropriate for students and also audience. It
highlighted negative impact of inappropriate postings which creates abstraction in
student’s concentration. Research has collected data by using questionnaire method
which reveals that youth post any content aimlessly and unconsciously. Majority of youth
posts without knowing the facts of the news of forwarded information. They do not check
the authenticity of the content which they are consuming and forwarding to others.

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 Pandey (2012) In his research paper 'An exploratory study of social media’
highlighted that how college students are using number of social networking sites to
connect with friends, family and unknown people in the society. It has discussed the way
of making friends and sharing selfies, videos, photos, blogs and other information which
keep themselves engage in virtual world. Making new friends and sharing and
exchanging content and other things motivate them to use social networking sites
regularly. It is affecting on their mentality and keep them busy on social media in spite of
focusing on their studies.
Shetty Annapoorna, Rosario Reshma, Hyder Sawad, (2015) in their research
they have discussed on the impact of social media on students. Researcher attempted to
focus on effect of social networking sites in college youth and its benefits. Data is
collected by using survey method and questionnaire method to fulfill the research
objectives. In this study researcher has checked impact of social media on college youth.
Main objectives of study are to find out effect of various social networking sites into
understand usefulness of these sides in the development of college youth. Researcher has
identified major consequences of networking sites on the personality of college student.
Major the consequences survey method is used by the researcher. This article and more
information about social networking sites as well as various apps like Facebook
Instagram Twitter Skype. It focusses light on different uses of social media by college
students in the conclusion with highlights that some students are aware about social
media literacy and right use for their personal development. It also strikes out that major
portion of the youth using social media blindly to kill their productive time online.
Kavita (2015) This article talks about social media addiction in teenagers. It
shows that social media has become major obstacle in student’s overall growth. Through
the qualitative research reception has found out behavioral changes in teenagers due to
excess use of social media and social networking sites. In this research researcher found
that how students and teenagers get information videos interesting content and forward it
their friends without checking facts or authenticity. It has measured good and bad
consequences of social media on teenagers it indicates social media as a of distraction
and disturbance in student’s educational development. Finally, researcher recommends
that elders should take close eye on teenagers uses of social media and make them

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conscious and literate them about how to use social media. It also suggests to restrict
teenagers screen time which is helpful to use their time to become more productive in
their studies.
Khurana (2015). This research focused on ‘The Impact of social networking sites on
Youth’. The prime object of this research to understand the usages of social networking
and the credibility of content receive from various networking sites. Data is collected
through survey method to achieve research objective. On the basis of collected data
research pointed out some positive findings like youth are able to categories fake and real
information. It indicates that almost every respondent spends 2 hours daily on social
networking sites. According to respondents social networking sites helps them to build
their relationship on personal, social and professional level.

Jain Pratyasha (2016) have focused light on positive and negative side of social
media on Indian youth. It indicates usefulness of social media in the development of
Indian youth. It pointed out how youth is using social media as a distraction. Number of
students using social media in a negative way and wasting their precious time on various
apps. Due to social media students are finding lack of concentration in their studies. This
article also raised question on ethical responsibilities of the users. It also finds out at what
extent and for what purpose users are using social media. Researcher tried to highlight
that how students browse social networking sites and how they use it for their personal
development. To attain decided objectives secondary resources are used by the
researcher. Researcher tried to figure out positive and negative impact of social
networking sites on college going students. Researcher tries to aware serious
consequences of excess use of social media through this article. It also suggests to use
social media wisely and purposefully for personal educational development.

Shikarpur Dipak (2017) in his book 'Social media boon or Curse,' has
discussed importance of social media in 21st century in this Marathi book. Its emphasis
on how social media has become compulsory in today's world. It is a need of everyone to
use it responsively and consciously. Internet has become pivotal medium in everybody's
life. It helps us to send information opinions thoughts ideas and feelings also. It is a new
way to connect worldwide. It is a new way of communication. While stressing on

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benefits of social media researcher doesn't forget to show us other side of social media
which is serious. It tells there is no social media literacy among the people. People are
using social media blindly and carelessly. Number of people have become addict of
social networking sites like YouTube Instagram and Facebook. Researcher stresses on
limited use of social media. Researcher advises that people should use social media for
limited purpose. We should use it for our development and societal development. For that
we should be discipline, self-driven and responsible citizen of this
Ghodake, S., R., and Kulkarni, S. M. (2019) ‘Social Media and Youth: Study
on its Impact, Benefits and Challenges’, Researcher discussed that how social media
networks such as Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, WhatsApp, Instagram etc. have become an
integral part of youth’s life. It points that youth cannot imagine themselves without using
social media network. They are active on social media from early in the morning to late
night. Students
use social media networks in the examination periods also. These new social
communication channels have been adopted by all the age groups in India. Social media
have a significant impact on the society especially on the youth. It highlighted negative
as well as positive impact of social media network on our society. Researcher urges to
reader to know positive and negative impact of social networking sites and applications
on today’s young generation. This paper also talks about benefits of social networking for
youth. This paper is an attempt to study the impact of social networking sites and
applications on young generation. Primary data is collected from 100 respondents
through well-structured questionnaires.
2.2 RESEARCH GAP:
Number of studies have been occurred in our country and overall the world.
Various articles, research papers and research studies highlight on how social media is
impacting on today’s youth but these studies have their own limitation of areas and
proper presentation of respondents and analysis. While presenting findings study
researcher have left some gap which is need to remove and present in proper way.

2.3 CONCLUSION:

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 In the present study researcher has tried to put some findings of socio-economic
status of college going students on the basis of age, gender, area, family etc., It is also
going to discuss detail analysis positive and negative impact of social media on college
students of Kolhapur city.