SSC-JE

Staff Selection Commission

Junior Engineer

Civil Engineering
Previous Years Solved Papers
(2007–2018)
Topicwise Objective Solved Questions

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RRB-JE Mains
various public sector examinations and
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SSC-Junior Engineer : Civil Engineering Previous Year Solved Papers

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Preface

Staff Selection Commission-Junior Engineer has always been preferred by

Engineers due to job stability. SSC-Junior Engineer examination is conducted
every year. MADE EASY team has deeply analyzed the previous exam papers and
observed that a good percentage of questions are repetitive in nature, therefore
it is advisable to solve previous years papers before a candidate takes the exam.

The SSC JE exam is conducted in three stages as shown in table given below.

Papers Subject Maximum Marks Duration

Stage 1: (i) General Intelligence & Reasoning 50 Marks 2 hours

Paper-I : Objective type
(ii) General Awareness 50 Marks

(iii) General Engineering : Civil & Structural 100 Marks

Stage 2: General Engineering : Civil & Structural 300 Marks 2 hours

Paper-II Conventional Type

Stage 3: 100 Marks ---

Personal Interview

Note: In Paper-I, every question carry one mark and there is negative marking of ¼ marks for every wrong answer.
Candidates shortlisted in Stage 1 are called for Stage 2. On the basis of combined score in Stage 1 and Stage 2,
shortlisted candidates are called for Personal Interview.

In the second edition, the book has been thoroughly revised and Reasoning-Aptitude section is also added.
MADE EASY has taken due care to provide complete solution with accuracy. Apart from Staff Selection Commission-Junior
Engineer, this book is also useful for Public Sector Examinations and other competitive examinations for engineering
graduates.

I have true desire to serve student community by providing good source of study and quality guidance. I hope this book
will prove as an important tool to succeed in SSC -JE and other competitive exams. Any suggestion from the readers for
improvement of this book is most welcome.

With Best Wishes

B. Singh
CMD, MADE EASY
 Syllabus of Engineering Subjects
(For both Objective and Conventional Type Papers)

Civil Engineering
Building Materials : Physical and Chemical properties, Classification, Standard Tests, Uses and manufacture/
quarrying of materials e.g. building stones, silicate based materials, Cement (Portland), Asbestos products,
Timber and Wood based Products, Laminates, bituminous materials, Paints, Varnishes.

Estimating, Costing and Valuation : Estimate, Glossary of technical terms, Analysis of rates, Methods and unit
of measurement, Items of work – Earthwork, Brick work (Modular & Traditional bricks), RCC work, Shuttering,
Timber work, Painting, Flooring, Plastering. Boundary wall, Brick building, Water Tank, Septic tank, Bar bending
schedule. Centre line method, Mid-section formula, Trapezodial formula, Simpson’s rule. Cost estimate of Septic
tank, flexible pavements, Tube well, isolated and combined footings, Steel Truss, Piles and pile-caps. Valuation
– Value and cost, scrap value, salvage value, assessed value, sinking fund, depreciation and obsolescence,
methods of valuation.

Surveying: Principles of surveying, measurement of distance, chain surveying, working of prismatic compass,
compass traversing, bearings, local attraction, plane table surveying, theodolite traversing, adjustment of
theodolite, Levelling, Definition of terms used in levelling, contouring, curvature and refraction corrections,
temporary and permanent adjustments of dumpy level, methods of contouring, uses of contour map,
tachometric survey, curve setting, earth work calculation, advanced surveying equipment.

Soil Mechanics: Origin of soil, phase diagram, Definitions- void ratio, porosity, degree of saturation, water
content, specific gravity of soil grains, unit weights, density index and interrelationship of different parameters,
Grain size distribution curves and their uses. Index properties of soils, Atterberg’s limits, ISI soil classification and
plasticity chart. Permeability of soil, coefficient of permeability, determination of coefficient of permeability,
Unconfined and confined aquifers, effective stress, quick sand, consolidation of soils, Principles of consolidation,
degree of consolidation, pre-consolidation pressure, normally consolidated soil, e-log p curve, computation
of ultimate settlement. Shear strength of soils, direct shear test, Vane shear test, Triaxial test. Soil compaction,
Laboratory compaction test, Maximum dry density and optimum moisture content, earth pressure theories,
active and passive earth pressures, Bearing capacity of soils, plate load test, standard penetration test.

Hydraulics: Fluid properties, hydrostatics, measurements of flow, Bernoulli’s theorem and its application, flow
through pipes, flow in open channels, weirs, flumes, spillways, pumps and turbines.

Irrigation Engineering : Definition, Necessity, Benefits, III effects of irrigation, types and methods of irrigation.
Hydrology – Measurement of rainfall, run off coefficient, rain gauge, losses from precipitation – evaporation,
infiltration, etc. Water requirement of crops, duty, delta and base period, Kharif and Rabi Crops, Command
area, Time factor, Crop ratio, Overlap allowance, Irrigation efficiencies. Different type of canals, types of canal
irrigation, loss of water in canals. Canal lining – types and advantages. Shallow and deep to wells, yield from a
well. Weir and barrage, Failure of weirs and permeable foundation, Slit and Scour, Kennedy’s theory of critical
velocity. Lacey’s theory of uniform flow. Definition of flood, causes and effects, methods of flood control, water
logging, preventive measures. Land reclamation, Characteristics of affecting fertility of soils, purposes, methods,
description of land and reclamation processes. Major irrigation projects in India.

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Transportation Engineering : Highway Engineering – cross sectional elements, geometric design,
types of pavements, pavement materials – aggregates and bitumen, different tests, Design of flexible
and rigid pavements – Water Bound Macadam (WBM) and Wet Mix Macadam (WMM), Gravel Road,
Bituminous construction, Rigid pavement joint, pavement maintenance, Highway drainage. Railway
Engineering – Components of permanent way – sleepers, ballast, fixtures and fastening, track geometry,
points and crossings, track junction, stations and yards. Traffic Engineering – Different traffic survey,
speed-flow-density and their interrelationships, intersections and interchanges, traffic signals, traffic
operation, traffic signs and markings, road safety.

Environmental Engineering: Quality of water, source of water supply, purification of water, distribution
of water, need of sanitation, sewerage systems, circular sewer, oval sewer, sewer appurtenances,
sewage treatments. Surface water drainage. Solid waste management – types, effects, engineered
management system. Air pollution – pollutants, causes, effects, control. Noise pollution – causes,
health effects, control.

Structural Engineering
Theory of structures: Elasticity constants, types of beams - determinate and indeterminate, bending
moment and shear force diagrams of simply supported, cantilever and over hanging beams. Moment
of area and moment of inertia for rectangular & circular sections, bending moment and shear stress
for tee, channel and compound sections, chimneys, dams and retaining walls, eccentric loads, slope
deflection of simply supported and cantilever beams, critical load and columns, Torsion of circular
section.

Concrete Technology: Properties, Advantages and uses of concrete, cement aggregates, importance
of water quality, water cement ratio, workability, mix design, storage, batching, mixing, placement,
compaction, finishing and curing of concrete, quality control of concrete, hot weather and cold weather
concreting, repair and maintenance of concrete structures.

RCC Design: RCC beams-flexural strength, shear strength, bond strength, design of singly reinforced
and doubly reinforced beams, cantilever beams. T-beams, lintels. One way and two way slabs, isolated
footings. Reinforced brick works, columns, staircases, retaining walls, water tanks (RCC design questions
may be based on both Limit State and Working Stress methods).

Steel Design: Steel design and construction of steel columns, beams roof trusses plate girders.

nnnn

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 Contents
Objective Solved Papers (Paper-I)
Civil
Engineering

Chapter 1
Building Materials.................................... 1 3. Earth Pressure Theory, Stability Analysis of Slopes,

1. Bricks............................................................................................ 1 Soil Stablization and Exploration................................. 172

2. Stones.......................................................................................... 4 4. Foundation Engineering.................................................. 173

3. Timbers....................................................................................... 8

4. Cement & Lime.......................................................................11 Chapter 5

5. Concrete Technology...........................................................24 Hydraulics.............................................189
6. Paints.........................................................................................47 1. Fluid Properties, Hydrostatic Forces............................ 189
7. Miscellaneous.........................................................................48 2. Fluid Kinematics & Dynamics and
Flow Measurements.......................................................... 197
Chapter 2 3. Flow Through Pipes and Dimensional Analysis....... 202
Estimating, Costing and Valuation........89 4. Open Channel Flow........................................................... 206
1. Estimates..................................................................................89 5. Hydraulic Machinery......................................................... 209
2. Rate Analysis, Valuation and Miscellaneous................99

Chapter 6
Chapter 3
Irrigation Engineering..........................233
Surveying..............................................119
1. Water Requirement of Crops.......................................... 233
1. Fundamental Concepts of Surveying......................... 119
2. Hydraulics Structures........................................................ 235
2. Theodolites, Compass and Traverse Surveying....... 126
3. Hydrology and Miscellaneous....................................... 237
3. Levelling and Contouring................................................ 132

4. Tacheometric, Curve & Hydrographic Surveying.... 137

5. Miscellaneous...................................................................... 139 Chapter 7

Transportation Engineering................245
Chapter 4 1. Highway Geometric Design & Planning..................... 245
Soil Mechanics......................................163 2. Traffic Engineering............................................................. 247
1. Properties, Classification of Soils & Permeability.... 163 3. Highway Materials, Pavement Design & Maintenance... 248
2. Consolidation and Compaction.................................... 170 4. Railways................................................................................. 251

(vii)
Chapter 8 Chapter 10
Environmental Engineering................259 RCC Design............................................359
1. Water Demand and Population Projection............... 259 1. Working Stress & Limit State Method......................... 359
2. Quality Control of Water Supply and 2. Shear, Torsion, Bond, Anchorage and
Water Treatment................................................................. 260 Development Length........................................................ 366
3. Design of Sewer, Quality and Characteristics 3. Footing, Columns, Beams and Slabs........................... 369
of Sewage.............................................................................. 262 4. Miscellaneous...................................................................... 384
4. Treatment and Disposing of Sewage.......................... 263
5. Air and Sound Pollution................................................... 265

Chapter 11
Chapter 9 Steel Design..........................................407
Theory of Structures.............................273 1. Structural Fasteners........................................................... 407
1. Properties of Metals, Stress & Strain............................ 273 2. Tension, Compression and Flexural Member........... 412

2. Shear Force and Bending Moment.............................. 281 3. Plate Girders and Industrial Roofs................................ 418

3. Principal Stress and Principal Strain............................ 286 4. Miscellaneous...................................................................... 420

4. Bending and Shear Stresses........................................... 288

5. Deflection of Beams.......................................................... 293
6. Torsion of Shafts and Pressure Vessels........................ 295 Chapter 12
7. Theory of Columns and Shear Centre......................... 298 General Intelligence, Reasoning &
8. Miscellaneous...................................................................... 301 General Awareness...............................435

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 CHAPTER Paper - I : Objective

11 Steel Design

1. Structural Fasteners 1.7 Which of the following does not describe a weld
type?
(a) Butt weld (b) Plug weld
1.1 The type of welding used to connect two plates
(c) Zigzag weld (d) Lap weld
at a lap joint is called
[SSC-JE : 2007]
(a) Butt weld (b) Slot weld
(c) Plug weld (d) Fillet weld 1.8 A beam is defined as a structural member
[SSC-JE : 2007] subjected to
(a) axial loading
1.2 A riveted joint can fail in (b) transverse loading
(a) tearing of plate only (c) axial and transverse loading
(b) shearing of rivet only (d) None of these
(c) bearing of plate or rivet only [SSC-JE : 2008]
(d) Any of the above
[SSC-JE : 2007] 1.9 To the calculated area of cover plates of a built
up beam, an allowance for rivet holes to be added
1.3 The gross diameter of a 14 mm nominal diameter is
rivet is (a) 10% (b) 13%
(a) 15.5 mm (b) 16 mm (c) 15% (d) 18%
(c) 16.5 mm (d) None of the above [SSC-JE : 2008]
[SSC-JE : 2007]
1.10 Minimum pitch of the rivets shall not be less than
1.4 The effective length of a fillet weld of length l is (a) 1.5 d (b) 2.5 d
(where s = the size of the weld.) (c) 2.0 d (d) 3.0 d
where d is the gross diameter of the rivets
 2
(a) l – 4s (b)   l [SSC-JE : 2009]
3
1.11 It p and d are pitch and gross diameter of rivet;
 4
(c) l – 2s (d)   the efficiency η of the riveted joint, is given by
5
(a) η = p/(p – d) (b) η = (p – d)/p
[SSC-JE : 2007]
(c) η = p/(p + d) (d) η = (p + d)/p
1.5 The strength of field rivets as compared to shop [SSC-JE : 2009]
rivets is
1.12 The permissible bending stress in steel is
(a) same (b) 90%
(a) 1500 kg/cm2 (b) 1890 kg/cm2
(c) 80% (d) 75%
(c) 1900 kg/cm2 (d) 1300 kg/cm2
[SSC-JE : 2007] [SSC-JE : 2009]
1.6 The maximum centre to centre distance between 1.13 Minimum pitch of rivets should not be less than
rivets in a tension member of thickness 10 mm is how many of gross diameter of rivet ?
(a) 200 mm (b) 160 mm (a) 2 times (b) 2.5 times
(c) 120 mm (d) 100 mm (c) 3 times (d) 4 times
[SSC-JE : 2007] [SSC-JE : 2010]
408 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

1.14 Effective throat thickness (t) and size of weld (s) (a) d = t (b) d = 6.01 t
are connected as :
(a) t = k s2 (b) t = k s3 (c) d = 2t (d) d = 2.6 t
[SSC : JE : 2011]
(c) t = k s (d) t = k s
[SSC-JE : 2010] 1.22 The distance between two rivets measured
perpendicular to the direction of applied force is
1.15 Bolts are most suitable to carry
(a) shear (b) bending known as
(c) axial tension (d) shear and bending (a) pitch (b) gauge
[SSC-JE : 2010] (c) staggered pitch (d) edge distance
[SSC : JE : 2013]
1.16 For a rivet of 36 mm diameter, the diameter of
hole shall be taken as : 1.23 Maximum size of the fillet weld for a plate of
(a) 37.5 mm (b) 36.0 mm square edge is
(c) 38.0 mm (d) 38.5 mm (a) 1.5 mm less than the thickness of the plate.
[SSC-JE : 2010] (b) one-half of the thickness of the plate.
(c) thickness of the plate itself.
1.17 What should be multiplied with permissible bearing
(d) 1.5 mm more than the thickness of the plate.
stress to find out strength of rivet in bearing?
[SSC : JE : 2013]
(a) (p – d)t (b) V
π 2 1.24 The minimum edge and end distance from the
(c) d (d) d.t 2
2 centre of any hole to the nearest flame-cut edge
[SSC-JE : 2010] shall not be less than
1.18 Pick the wrongly written assumption taken in (a) 1.5 times hole dia
analysis of riveted joints (b) 1.7 times hole dia
(a) Friction in plates is negligible (c) 2 times hole dia
(b) Uniform stress distribution in plates is not (d) 1.5 times bolt/rivet dia
considered . [SSC : JE : 2013]
(c) Bending moment is not taken into
1.25 The throat in a fillet weld is
consideration
(a) larger side of the triangle of the fillet
(d) Total load on the joint is equally shared by
all rivets (b) hypotenuse of the triangle of the fillet
[SSC-JE : 2010] (c) smaller side of the triangle of the fillet
(d) perpendicular distance from the root to the
1.19 A riveted joint can fail in : hypotenuse
(a) tearing of plate only [SSC - JJEE (Forenoon) : 2014]
(b) shearing of rivet only
(c) bearing of plate or rivet only 1.26 The size of a rivet is identified by
(d) any of the above (a) diameter of shank
[SSC-JE : 2010] (b) diameter of head
(c) length of shank
1.20 The type of weld used to connect two plates at a
(d) shape of head
lap joint is called :
[SSC - JJEE (Forenoon) : 2014]
(a) Butt weld (b) Slot weld
(c) Plug weld (d) Fillet weld 1.27 The maximum permissible stress for power driven
[SSC-JE : 2010] field rivet in bearing on rivet is
1.21 According to Unwin’s formula, the relation (a) 100 N/mm2 (b) 250 N/mm2
between diameter of rivet hole (d) in mm, and (c) 270 N/mm2 (d) 300 N/mm2
thickness of plate (t) in mm is given by [SSC - JJEE (Forenoon) : 2014]
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 409

1.28 The maximum permissible stress for hand driven 1.36 The diameter of a rivet connecting plate of
rivet in axial tension is : thickness 16 mm given by Unwin's formula is
(a) 250 N/mm2 (b) 80 N/mm2 (a) 28 mm (b) 24 mm
(c) 90 N/mm2 (d) 100 N/mm2 (c) 22 mm (d) None of these
[SSC - JJEE (Afternoon) : 2014] [SSC - JE (Forenoon) 1-3-2017]
1.29 The size of a fillet weld is indicated by : 1.37 Fillet weld is not recommended if the angle
(a) size of the plate between fusion faces is
(b) side of the triangle of fillet A. Less than 45° B. Greater than 120°
(c) throat of the fillet
C. Less than 60° D. Greater than 145°
(d) length of fillet weld
(a) A and B (b) A and D
[SSC - JJE
E (Afternoon) : 2014]
(c) B and C (d) C and D
1.30 Diameter of a rivet hole is made larger than the [SSC - JE (Forenoon) 1-3-2017]
diameter of the rivet by
1.38 If ‘b’ is the width of the plate and ‘d ’ is the
(a) 0.5 mm (b) 1.0 mm
diameter of the rivet, then the efficiency of a
(c) 3 mm (d) 2.0 mm
riveted joint having diamond riveting is given
[SSC - JJEE (Afternoon) : 2014]
by________.
1.31 Partial safety factor on steel stresses is
(b − d ) (b − d )
(a) 6.7 (b) 1.15 (a) (b)
b d
(c) 1.77 (d) 1.5
[SSC-JE : 2015] (b − 2d ) (b − 2d )
(c) ( (d)
b d
1.32 When a load is exerted or transferred from one [SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]
surface to another in contact, the stress is known
as 1.39 Bolts are most suitable to carry
(a) bearing stress (b) shear stress (a) shear (b) bending
(c) binding stress (d) direct stress (c) axial tension (d) shear and bending
[SSC-JE : 2015] [SSC - JE (Forenoon) : 2-3-2017]

1.33 The actual thickness of a butt weld when 1.40 For a standard 45° fillet, the ratio of size of fillet
compared with the thickness of the plate is to throat thickness is
(a) less (b) more or less
(a) 1 : 1 (b) 1 : 2
(c) more (d) equal
[SSC-JE : 2015] (c) 2 :1 (d) 2 : 1

1.34 The fillet weld whose axis is parallel to the [SSC - JE (Forenoon) : 2-3-2017]
direction of the applied load is known as 1.41 Centre to centre distance of adjacent rivet or bolt
(a) side fillet weld (b) end fillet weld holes measured in the direction of stress is called
(c) flat fillet weld (d) diagonal fillet weld
(a) Gauge (b) Pitch
[SSC-JE : 2015]
(c) Lap (d) Edge distance
1.35 Tacking rivets in compression plates exposed [SSC - JE (Forenoon) : 2-3-2017]
to weather have a pitch not exceeding 200 mm
1.42 Design of a riveted joint assumes that________.
or
(a) the bending stress in rivets is accounted for
(a) 8 times the thickness of outside plate
(b) the riveted hole is to be filled by the rivet
(b) 16 times the thickness of outside plate
(c) 24 times the thickness of outside plate (c) the stress in the plate is not uniform
(d) 32 times the thickness of outside plate (d) the friction between plates is considered
[SSC-JE : 2015] [SSC - JE (Afternoon) 2-3-2017]
410 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

1.43 The rivets which are heated and then driven in 1.50 When the effect of wind or earthquake load is
the field are known________. taken into account, the permissible stress as
(a) power driven shop rivets specified in rivets may be increased by
(b) power driven field rivets (a) 33.33% (b) –50%
(c) hand driven rivets (c) 10% (d) 25%
(d) cold driven rivets [SSC - JE (Afternoon) 3-3-2017]
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 2-3-2017] 1.51 Cold driven rivets range from________.
1.44 The gross diameter of a rivet is the diameter (a) 6 to 10 mm in diameter
of________. (b) 10 to 16 mm in diameter
(a) cold rivet before driving (c) 12 to 22 mm in diameter
(b) rivet after driving (d) 22 to 32 mm in diameter
(c) rivet hole [SSC - JE (Forenoon) 4-3-2017]
(d) None of these 1.52 The distance measured along one rivet line from
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 2-3-2017] the center of a rivet to the center of adjoining
1.45 Working shear stress on the gross area of a rivet rivet on an adjacent parallel rivet line is
as recommended by Indian Standards called________.
is________. (a) pitch of rivet
(a) 785 kg/cm2 (b) 1025 kg/cm2 (b) gauge distance of rivet
(c) 2360 kg/cm 2 (d) None of the these (c) staggered pitch
(d) All options are correct
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 2-3-2017]
[SSC - JE (Forenoon) 4-3-2017]
1.46 The transverse fillet welds are designed for
1.53 When two plates are placed end to end and are
(a) Tensile strength
joined by two cover plates, the joint is known
(b) Shear strength
as________.
(c) Compressive strength
(a) lap joint
(d) Bending strength
(b) butt joint
[SSC-JE (Forenoon) 3-3-2017]
(c) chain riveted lap joint
1.47 Which of the following assumptions are made in (d) double cover butt joint
the design of rivet joints? [SSC - JE (Forenoon) 4-3-2017]
A. Rivets are stressed equally
1.54 Diameter of a rivet hole is made larger than the
B. Stress in plate is maximum at mid-width
diameter of the rivet by
C. Rivet hole is completely filled by rivet
(a) 1.0 mm for rivet diameter upto 12 mm
D. Friction between plates is neglected
(b) 1.5 mm for rivet diameter exceeding 25 mm
(a) only A (b) A and C only (c) 2.0 mm for rivet diameter over 25 mm
(c) B and D only (d) A, C and D only (d) None of these
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 3-3-2017] [SSC - JE (Afternoon) 4-3-2017]
1.48 The strength of fillet weld is 1.55 An imaginary line along which rivets are placed
(a) About 80 to 95 percent of the main member is known as
(b) Equal to that of the main member (a) rivet line (b) scrieve line
(c) More than that of the main member (c) back line (d) all options are correct
(d) Equal to or more than that of main member [SSC - JE (Afternoon) 4-3-2017]
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 3-3-2017]
1.56 The main type of butt joints is a double cover
1.49 Which one of the following is the mode of failure (a) shear riveted joint
in a fillet weld material? (b) chain riveted joint
(a) Tension (b) Shear (c) zigzag riveted joint
(c) Bearing (d) Crushing (d) all options are correct
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 3-3-2017] [SSC - JE (Afternoon) 4-3-2017]
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 411

1.57 Number of rivets required in a joint is 1.64 Pick up the correct statement from the following
(a) load/shear strength of a rivet (a) Tacking rivets are used if the minimum
(b) load/bearing strength of a rivet distance between centers of two adjacent
(c) load/tearing strength of a rivet rivets exceeds 12 t or 200 mm, whichever is
(d) None of these less
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018] (b) Tacking rivets are not considered to calculate
1.58 A riveted joint may experience stress
(a) shear failure (c) Tacking rivets are provided throughout the
(b) shear failure of plates length of a compression member composed
(c) bearing failure of two components back to back
(d) All option are correct (d) All option are correct
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 23.1.2018] [SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
1.59 If p and d are pitch and gross diameter of rivets, 1.65 IS : 800 - 1971 recommends that in a splice plate
the efficiency (η) of the riveted joint is given by the number of rivets carrying calculated shear
(a) η = p/(p – d) (b) η = p/(p + d) stress through a packing greater than 6 mm
(c) η = (p – d)/p (d) η = (p + d)/p
thick, is to be increased by 2.5% for every
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 23.1.2018]
(a) 1.00 mm thickness of packing
1.60 Design of a riveted joint, is based on the (b) 1.50 mm thickness of packing
assumption. (c) 2.0 mm thickness of packing
(a) Load is uniformly distributed among all the (d) None of these
rivets [SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
(b) Shear stress on a rivet is uniformly distributed
over its gross area 1.66 The strength of a riveted lap joint is equal to its
(c) Bearing stress is uniform between the A. Shearing strength B. Bearing strength
contact surfaces of the plate and the rivet C. Tearing strength
(d) All option are correct (a) Only A (b) Only B
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 23.1.2018] (c) Only C (d) Least of A, B and C
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 27.01.2018]
1.61 In a tension member if one or more than one rivet
holes are off the line, the failure of the member 1.67 When plates are exposed to weather, tacking rivets
depends upon are provided at a pitch in line not exceeding
(a) pitch (a) 8t (b) 16t
(b) gauge (c) 24t (d) 32t
(c) diameter of the rivet holes [SSC-JE : (Morning) 27.01.2018]
(d) All of these
[SSC-JE : (Forenoon) 24.01.2018] 1.68 Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(a) When the gauge distance is larger than the
1.62 According to the Unwin’s formula, if t is the
pitch, the failure of the section may occur in
thickness of the plate in mm, the nominal
a zig-zag line
diameter of the rivet is
(a) d = 1.91t (b) d = 1.91t 2 (b) When the gauge distance is smaller than the
(c) d = 1.91 t (d) None of these pitch, the failure of the section many occur
[SSC-JE : (Afternoon) 24.01.2018] in a straight right angle section through the
centre of rivet holes
1.63 A riveted joint may experience (c) When the gauge distance and pitch are both
(a) tearing failure of plates equal, the failure to the section becomes more
(b) bearing failure of plates likely as the diameter of the hole increases
(c) splitting failure of plates at the edges (d) All option are correct
(d) All option are correct [SSC-JE : (Evening) 27.01.2018]
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
412 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

1.69 Efficiency of a riveted joint us defined as the (a) short columns only
ratio of (b) Jong columns only
(a) least strength of a riveted joint to the strength (c) both short and long columns
of solid plate (d) none of the above
(b) greatest strength of a riveted joint to the [SSC-JE : 2010]
strength of solid plate
(c) least strength of a riveted plate to the 2.7 Maximum value of slenderness ratio of lacing
greatest strength of the riveted joint flats in a steel column is :
(d) All option are correct (a) 120 (b) 145
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 29.01.2018] (c) 180 (d) 320
[SSC-JE : 2010]
2. Tension, Compression and
2.8 The maximum allowable slenderness ratio for
Flexural Member axially loaded member carrying tension only is
(a) 180 (b) 250
2.1 In a steel beam section, the web carries
(c) 350 (d) 400
(a) the compression (b) the tension
[SSC : JE : 2011]
(c) the moment (d) the shear
[SSC-JE : 2007] 2.9 A strut is a
(a) tension member (b) compression member
2.2 An electric pole is 5 m high and it is fixed to the (c) flexural member (d) torsion member
ground. It carries a wire at the top and is free to [SSC : JE : 2011]
move sideways over there. The effective length
2.10 The effective slenderness ratio of laced column,
of the pole is
compared to actual maximum slenderness ratio
(a) 3.25 m (b) 4.0 m
shall be considered as
(c) 5.0 m (d) 10.0 m
(a) 1.05 times (b) 1.10 times
[SSC-JE : 2007]
(c) 1.15 times (d) 1.20 times
2.3 Net sectional area of a tension member is equal [SSC : JE : 2011]
to its gross section-area 2.11 The lacing bars in steel columns should be
(a) plus the area of the rivet holes designed to resist
(b) divided by the area of the rivet holes (a) 0.5% of column load
(c) multiplied by the area of the rivet holes (b) 1.5% of column load
(d) minus the area of the rivet holes (c) 2.5% of column load
[SSC-JE : 2008] (d) 3.5% of column load
[SSC : JE : 2011]
2.4 A tension member, if subjected to possible
reversal of stresses due to wind; the slenderness l
2.12 The slenderness ratio of a lacing bar should
ratio of the member should not exceed r
(a) 180 (b) 200 be less than
(a) 250 (b) 350
(c) 250 (d) 350
(c) 145 (d) 180
[SSC-JE : 2008]
[SSC - JE : 2012]
2.5 Minimum thickness of main steel members, not
2.13 The effective length of a steel column, effectively
exposed to weather, is :
held in position and restrained against rotation
(a) 4.5 mm (b) 6.0 mm
at both ends is
(c) 8.0 mm (d) 8.5 mm (a) 0.80 L (b) 1.0 L
[SSC-JE : 2010] (c) 0.5 L (d) 0.65 L
2.6 Euler's formula is valid for : [SSC - JE : 2012]
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 413

2.14 Which one of the following factors does not affect (c) maximum of the all rounded to nearest 5 mm
the lateral buckling strength of a steel I-section (d) equal to normal rivet diameter
undergoing bending about its major axis? [SSC-JE : 2015]
(a) Laterally unsupported length of the
2.21 Web crippling in beams generally occurs at the
compression flange.
points where
(b) Radius of gyration about the major axis of
(a) concentrated loads act
the section.
(b) bending moment is maximum
(c) Boundary conditions at the ends.
(c) shear force is maximum
(d) Radius of gyration about the minor axis of
(d) deflection is maximum
the section.
[SSC-JE : 2015]
[SSC - JE : 2012]
2.22 A column splice is used to increase
2.15 For simply supported beams, the allowable
(a) the strength of the column
deflection shall not exceed (b) the rigidity of the column
(a) 1/325 of span (b) 1/350 of span (c) the cross-sectional area of the column
(c) 1/375 of span (d) 1/400 of span (d) the length of the column
[SSC : JE : 2013] [SSC-JE : 2015]
2.16 A tie is a 2.23 If a rolled steel flat designated as 55 ISF 12 mm
(a) tension member is used as lacing, then minimum radius of
(b) compression member gyration will be________.
(c) flexural member (a) 3 mm (b) 6 mm
(d) torsion member (c) 3.46 mm (d) 3.8 mm
[SSC - JJE
E (Forenoon) : 2014] [SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]

2.17 The slenderness ratio of lacing bars should not 2.24 Angle of inclination of the lacing bar with the
exceed longitudinal axis of the column should preferably
(a) 120 (b) 145 be between________.
(c) 180 (d) 100 (a) 10° to 30° (b) 30° to 80°
[SSC - JJE E (Forenoon) : 2014] (c) 40° to 70° (d) 20° to 70°
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]
2.18 The maximum allowable slenderness ratio for
2.25 The effective length of battened column is
members carrying compressive load due to wind
increased by________.
and seismic force only is
(a) 10% (b) 7%
(a) 180 (b) 250
(c) 12% (d) 25%
(c) 350 (d) 400 [SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]
[SSC - JJEE (Forenoon) : 2014]
2.26 The buckling load in a steel column is________.
2.19 Compression members always tend to buckle (a) Related to length
in the direction of the: (b) Directly proportional to the slenderness ratio
(a) Least radius of gyration (c) Inversely proportional to the slenderness ratio
(b) Axis of load (d) Non linearity of the slenderness ratio
(c) Perpendicular to the axis of load [SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]
(d) Minimum cross-section
2.27 For unstiffened flange of a beam in flexural
[SSC - JJE
E (Afternoon) : 2014]
compression, the maximum allowable outstand
2.20 The width of lacing bars in mm is kept is equal to________.
(a) twice the nominal rivet diameter (a) 20t (b) 16t
(b) thrice the nominal rivet diameter (c) 32t (d) 14t
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]
414 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

2.28 The problem of lateral buckling can arise only in (a) Wooden struts (b) Metal bars
those steel beams which have________. (c) Channel (d) Concrete
(a) moment of inertia about the bending axis [SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018]
larger than the other
2.35 In a truss it is assumed that the members are
(b) moment of inertia about the bending axis
joined by___.
smaller than the other
(a) Rough pins
(c) fully supported compression flange
(b) Smooth pins
(d) None of these
(c) Either rough or smooth pins
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]
(d) None of these
2.29 The working stress (in N/mm2) for structural steel [SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018]
in tension is the order of
2.36 What is the major difference between truss and
(a) 15 (b) 75 beam?
(c) 150 (d) 750 (a) Beam can't transmit load in vertical direction
[SSC - JE (Forenoon) : 2-3-2017] while truss can
2.30 Rolled steel T-sections are used________. (b) Truss can't transmit load in vertical direction
(a) as columns while beam can
(b) with flat strips to connect plates in steel (c) Beam can't transmit load in axial direction
rectangular tanks. while truss can
(c) as built up sections to resist axial tension. (d) Truss can't transmit load in axial direction
(d) None of these. while beam can
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 2-3-2017] [SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018]

2.31 Lug angles________. 2.37 Net sectional area of a tension member, is equal
(a) are used to reduce the length of connection to its cross section area____.
(b) are unequal angles (a) plus the area of the rivet holes
(c) increases shear legs (b) divided by the area of rivet holes
(c) multiplied by the area of the rivet holes
(d) All options are correct
(d) minus the area of the rivet holes.
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 3-3-2017]
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018]
2.32 Rolled steel angle sections are classified
2.38 When a tension member consists to two channel
as________.
sections, the allowance for rivet hole is made for
(a) equal angles
two holes from
(b) unequal angles
(a) each web
(c) bulb angles
(b) each flange
(d) All options are correct
(c) each web or one hole from each flange
[SSC - JE (Forenoon) 4-3-2017]
whichever is more
2.33 Rolled steel beams are________. (d) each web or one hole from each flange
(a) mainly used to resist bending stress whichever is less
(b) used as independent sections to resist [SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018]
compressive stress
2.39 Effective length of a column effectively held in
(c) used as independent sections to resist tensile
position and restrained in direction at one end
stress
but neither held in position nor restrained in
(d) All options are correct
direction at the other end is
[SSC - JE (Forenoon) 4-3-2017]
(a) L (b) 0.67 L
2.34 Which of the following material is not used in (c) 0.85 L (d) 2 L
making trusses? [SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018]
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 415

2.40 A compression member consisting of angle 2.46 Allowable working stress corresponding to the
sections may be a slenderness ratio of double angles placed back
(a) continuous member to back and connected to one side of a gusset
(b) discontinuous single angle strut plate is reduced to
(c) discontinuous double angle strut (a) 50% (b) 60%
(d) All option are correct (c) 70% (d) 80%
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018] [SSC-JE : (Morning) 23.1.2018]

2.41 It the area of cross-section of a single angle 2.47 According to I.S. : 800 - 1871, lacing bars resist
discontinuous strut is 30 cm2 and allowable transverse shear equal to ____.
working stress corresponding to its slenderness (a) 1.0 % of the axial load
ratio is 625 kg/cm2, the safe load carrying (b) 2.0 % of the axial load
capacity of the member is (c) 2.5 % of the axial load
(a) 10 tonnes (b) 12 tonnes (d) 3.0 % of the axial load
(c) 15 tonnes (d) 18 tonnes [SSC-JE : (Morning) 23.1.2018]
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018]
2.48 Effective length of a column effectively held in
2.42 If the depth of two column section are equal, position and restrained in directions at both
then the column splice is provided ends is
(a) with filler plates (a) L (b) 0.67 L
(b) with bearing plates (c) 0.85 L (d) 1.5 L
(c) with filler and bearing plates [SSC-JE : (Evening) 23.1.2018]
(d) None of these
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018] 2.49 The slenderness ratio of a column is zero when
its length
2.43 When a tension member is made of four angles (a) is zero
with a plate as web, the allowance for holes is (b) is equal to its radius of gyration
made as (c) is supported on all sides throughout its
(a) two holes for each angle and one hole for the length
web (d) None of these
(b) one hole for each angle and one hole for the [SSC-JE : (Evening) 23.1.2018]
web
(c) one hole for each angle and two holes for the 2.50 Outstanding length of a compression member
web consisting of a channel is measured as
(d) None of these (a) half of the nominal width
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018] (b) nominal width of the section
(c) from the edge to the first row of rivets
2.44 For a cantilever beam of length L continuous at
(d) None of these
the support and unrestrained against torsion at
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 23.1.2018]
the support and free at the end, the effective
length ‘l’ is equal to 2.51 The gross section of the web of a beam is defined
(a) l = L (b) l = 2 L as
(c) l = 0.5 L (d) l = 3 L (a) depth of the beam multiplied by its web
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018] thickness
(b) width of the flange multiplied by its web
2.45 Spans of continuous fillers are considered
thickness
approximately equal if the longest span does
(c) sum of the flange width and depth of the
not exceed the shortest span by more than
beam multiplied by the web thickness
(a) 0.05 (b) 0.1
(d) None of these
(c) 0.15 (d) 0.2
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 23.1.2018]
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018]
416 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

2.52 The connection of one beam to another beam by 2.58 A major beam in a building structure is known
means of an angle at the bottom and an angle at as
the top, is known as (a) a girder (b) a floor beam
(a) unstiffened seated connection (c) a main beam (d) All option are correct
(b) stiffened seated connection [SSC-JE : (Afternoon) 24.01.2018]
(c) seated connection
2.59 Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(d) None of these
(a) The steel beams placed in plain cement
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 23.1.2018]
concrete are known as reinforced beams
2.53 For double, angles carrying tension, placed back (b) The filler joists are generally continuous over
to back and connected to either side of the three supports only
gusset plate, the sectional area of the section, is (c) Continuous fillers are connected to main
equal to the cross sectional area of beams by means of cleat angles
(a) the section (d) Continuous fillers are supported by main
(b) the section plus area of rivet holes steel beams
(c) the section minus area of rivet holes [SSC-JE : (Afternoon) 24.01.2018]
(d) the section multiplied by the area of the rivet 2.60 The ratio of the length of the column to the
hole minimum radius of gyration of the cross sectional
[SSC-JE : (Forenoon) 24.01.2018] area of the column is known as
2.54 Effective length of a column effectively held in (a) slenderness ratio (b) buckling ratio
(c) crippling ratio (d) compressive ratio
position at both ends and restrained in direction
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
at one end is
(a) L (b) 0.67 L 2.61 In a built-up section carrying tensile force, the
(c) 0.85 L (d) 1.5 L flanges of two channels are turned outward
[SSC-JE : (Afternoon) 24.01.2018] (a) to simplify the transverse connections
(b) to minimize lacing
2.55 If the unsupported length of a stanchion is
(c) to have greater lateral rigidity
4 meters and least radius of gyration of its cross
(d) All option are correct
section is 5, the slenderness ratio of the stanchion
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
is
(a) 60 (b) 70 2.62 A tension member, if subjected to possible
(c) 80 (d) 90 reversal of stress due to wind, the slenderness
[SSC-JE : (Afternoon) 24.01.2018] ratio of the member should not exceed
(a) 180 (b) 200
2.56 A column splice is used to increase ________. (c) 250 (d) 350
(a) length of the column [SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
(b) strength of the column
(c) cross-sectional area of the column 2.63 The maximum axial load which is just sufficient
to keep a column in a small deflected shape is
(d) None of these
called
[SSC-JE : (Afternoon) 24.01.2018]
(a) crippling load (b) buckling load
2.57 A structural member subjected to tensile force (c) critical load (d) all option are correct
in a direction parallel to its longitudinal axis, is [SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
generally known as
2.64 Slenderness ratio of a compression member is
(a) a tie
(a) Moment of inertia/radius of gyration
(b) a tie member
(b) Effective length/area of cross-section
(c) a tension member
(c) Radius of gyration/effective length
(d) All option are correct
(d) None of these
[SSC-JE : (Afternoon) 24.01.2018]
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 417

2.65 The thickness 't' of a single flat lacing should (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
not be less than (c) 1 and 2 (d) None of these
(a) 1/30th length between inner end rivets [SSC-JE : (Morning) 27.01.2018]
(b) 1/40th length between inner end rivets
2.71 For simply supported beams, the maximum
(c) 1/50th length between inner end rivets
permitted deflection is
(d) 1/60th length between inner end rivets
(a) 1/250 of the span (b) 1/300 of the span
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
(c) 1/350 of the span (d) None of these
2.66 To keep the intensity of bearing pressure [SSC-JE : (Morning) 27.01.2018]
between the column base and concrete
2.72 A single angle in tension is connected by one
compressive and to vary from zero to 2P/BL,
leg only. If the areas of connecting and
the ratio of the moment M to the axial load P
outstanding legs are respectively a and b, then
should be
what is the net effective area of the angle?
L L
(a) (b) b b
2 3 (a) a − b (b) a +
b
L L 1 + 0.35 1 + 0.35
(c) (d) a a
4 6
b b
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018] (c) a − (d) a +
b b
1 + 0.2 1 + 0.2
2.67 To the calculated area of cover plates of a built- a a
up beam, an allowance for rivet holes to be added [SSC-JE : (Evening) 27.01.2018]
is
2.73 The net area of round bars to resist the tension,
(a) 0.1 (b) 0.13
is the area of cross section at
(c) 0.15 (d) 0.18
(a) mid-section
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
(b) root of the thread
2.68 Maximum permissible slenderness ratio of (c) difference of midsection and root of the thread
compressive members which carry dead and (d) None of these
superimposed load is [SSC-JE : (Evening) 27.01.2018]
(a) 350 (b) 250
(c) 180 (d) 80 2.74 When the length of a tension member is too long
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 27.01.2018] (a) A wire rope is used
(b) A rod is used
2.69 In double lacing, the thickness 't' of flat lacing is (c) A bar is used
(a) t is less than 1/40th length between inner end (d) A single angle is used
rivets [SSC-JE : (Morning) 29.01.2018]
(b) t is less than 1/50th length between inner end
rivets 2.75 The allowable stress in axial tension is generally
(c) t is less than 1/60th length between inner end kept less if thickness of the member is more than
rivets (a) 10 mm (b) 12 mm
(d) t is less than 1/70th length between inner end (c) 15 mm (d) 20 mm
rivets [SSC-JE : (Morning) 29.01.2018]
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 27.01.2018] 2.76 When a large value of radius of gyration is not
2.70 The rolled steel I-sections are most commonly required
used as beams because these provide : (a) Channels are placed back to back
1. large moment of inertia with less cross- (b) Channel flanges are kept inward
sectional area (c) Channel flanges are kept outward
2. greater lateral stability (d) None of these
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 29.01.2018]
418 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

2.77 Perforated cover plates are particularly suitable (c) cross-sectional- area of the column
for built up sections consisting of (d) None of the above
(a) channels placed back to back [SSC-JE : 2009]
(b) channels placed toe to toe
3.7 The member of roof truss which supports the
(c) four angle box section
(d) all option are correct purlins is called as
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 29.01.2018] (a) Sag rod (b) Main strut
(c) Principal rafter (d) Principal tie
2.78 Lug angle is [SSC - JE : 2012]
(a) used with single angle member
(b) not used with double angle member 3.8 Bearing stiffeners are designed as
(c) used with channel member (a) beams (b) beam-ties
(d) All option are correct (c) ties (d) column
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 29.01.2018] [SSC - JJEE (Forenoon) : 2014]

3. Plate Girders and Industrial Roofs 3.9 Horizontal stiffeners are needed in plate girders
if the thickness of web is less than
3.1 A plate used for connecting two or more (a) 6 mm (b) Depth/200
structural members intersection each other is (c) Span/500 (d) Flange thickness
called [SSC - JJEE (Forenoon) : 2014]
(a) Template (b) Base plate
3.10 In single laced column construction, the
(c) Gusset plate (d) Anchor plate
thickness of the flat lacing bars shall not be less
[SSC-JE : 2007]
than :
3.2 A web plate is called unstiffened if the ratio of 1
clear depth and thickness is less than (a) th of the width of the lacing bar.
15
(a) 35 (b) 50 1
(c) 60 (d) 85 (b) th of the effective length of single lacing.
30
[SSC-JE : 2008]
1
(c) th of the effective length of single lacing.
3.3 The heaviest I-section for the same depth is 40
(a) ISLB (b) ISMB
1
(c) ISHB (d) ISWB (d) th of the width of the lacing bar.
10
[SSC-JE : 2009]
[SSC - JJEE (Afternoon) : 2014]
3.4 The economical spacing of trusses varies from
3.11 The purpose of stiffeners in a plate girder is to:
(a) L/3 to L/4 (b) L/4 to L/5
(a) prevent buckling of web plate.
(c) L/4 to L/6 (d) None of the above
(b) reduce the shear stress.
[SSC-JE : 2009]
(c) take care of bearing stress.
3.5 Normally, the angle of roof truss with asbestos (d) increase the moment carrying capacity of the
sheets should not be less than girder.
(a) 26° (b) 30° [SSC - JJE
E (Afternoon) : 2014]
(c) 40° (d) None of the above 3.12 The sag tie in a truss is mainly used to reduce
[SSC-JE : 2009] (a) moment and deflection
3.6 A column splice is used to increase (b) tension
(c) weight of the truss
(a) length of the column
(d) compression
(b) strength of the column
[SSC-JE : 2015]
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 419

3.13 An angle section can be used as purlin when 3.19 The average shear stress (in kg/ cm2) for rolled
slope of the roof truss is________. beam section, is
(a) Between 40° and 70° (a) 845 (b) 945
(b) Less than 30° (c) 1025 (d) 1500
(c) Greater than 30° [SSC-JE : (Morning) 23.1.2018]
(d) Less than 45°
3.20 The space between adjacent bents in a roof truss
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]
is called:
3.14 In a truss girder of a bridge, a diagonal consists (a) Purlins (b) Bay
of mild steel flat 400 ISF and carries a pull of (c) Knee (d) Braces
800 kN. If the gross diameter of the rivets is [SSC-JE : (Forenoon) 24.01.2018]
26 mm, then the number of rivets required in the
3.21 In rolled steel beams, shear force is mostly
splice is
resisted by
(a) 6 (b) 7
(a) web only
(c) 8 (d) 9
(b) flanges only
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]
(c) web and flanges together
3.15 Which of the following elements of a pitched roof (d) None of these
industrial steel building primarily resists lateral [SSC-JE : (Afternoon) 24.01.2018]
load parallel to the ridge?
3.22 In a truss girder of a bridge, a diagonal consists
(a) bracings (b) purlins
of mild steel flat 400 I.S.F. and carries a pull of 80
(c) truss (d) columns
tones. If the gross diameter of the rivet is 26 mm,
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 3-3-2017]
the number of rivets required in the splice is
3.16 How does an increase in the pitch of the roof (a) 6 (b) 7
affects the amount of load that can be placed (c) 8 (d) 9
on it ? [SSC-JE : (Morning) 27.01.2018]
(a) It increases
3.23 Rise of a jack arch is kept about
(b) It decreases
(c) Remains constant 1 1
(a) to of the span
(d) Depends upon case 2 3
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018]
1 1
(b) to of the span
3.17 The flange splice in plate girder is subjected to 3 4
(a) axial force only
(b) shear and axial force 1 1
(c) to of the span
(c) bending moment and axial force 4 8
(d) shear force and bending moment
1 1
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018] (d) to of the span
8 12
3.18 In factory buildings, the horizontal beams [SSC-JE : (Evening) 29.01.2018]
spanning between the wall columns supporting
a wall covering are called 3.24 In a grillage footing, the maximum shear force
(a) stringers occurs at the
(b) trimmers (a) Edge of grillage beam
(c) girts (b) Center of base plate
(d) lintels (c) Center of grillage beam
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 23.1.2018] (d) None of these
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 29.01.2018]
420 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

4. Miscellaneous (a) 1.45 (b) 1.5

(c) 1.67 (d) 2.0
4.1 The moment of inertia of a rectangle of width d [SSC - JJE
E (Forenoon) : 2014]
and depth b about its horizontal axis at mid- 4.9 Permissible stress may also be known as
depth is (a) ultimate stress (b) working stress
db3 bd 3 (c) limit stress (d) yield stress
(a) (b) [SSC - JJE
E (Forenoon) : 2014]
12 12
4.10 The load factor applied to wind and seismic loads
bd 3 db3 in design of steel structures is
(c) (d)
3 3
(a) 2.2 (b) 1.3
[SSC-JE : 2007] (c) 1.5 (d) 1.8
4.2 According to I.S. : 800-1962 the permissible [SSC - JJEE (Afternoon) : 2014]
bending stress in steel slab plates is 4.11 The steel beam of light section placed in plain
(a) 1500 kg/cm2 (b) 1420 kg/cm2 cement concrete are called
(c) 2125 kg/cm2 (d) 1890 kg/cm2 (a) filler joists
[SSC-JE : 2008] (b) concrete joists
4.3 The method of design of steel formwork for greatest (c) simple joists
rigidity and economy in weight is known as (d) joists
(a) simple design (b) semi-rigid design [SSC-JE : 2015]
(c) fully rigid design (d) None of these 4.12 If the depth of the section of an upper column is
[SSC-JE : 2008] much smaller than the lower column
4.4 Section modulus for a rectangular section is given (a) bearing plates are provided with column
as : splice
(a) bd2/36 (b) bd3/6 (b) filler and bearing plates are provided with
2
(c) bd /6 (d) bd3/12 column splice
[SSC-JE : 2010] (c) filler plates are provided with column splice
(d) neither filler nor bearing plates are provided
4.5 Shape factor for a circular section is equal to : with column splice
(a) 1.00 (b) 1.50 [SSC-JE : 2015]
(c) 2.34 (d) 1.70
[SSC-JE : 2010] 4.13 The minimum thickness of the plates used in
prestressed steel tanks is
4.6 Standard loads are given in : (a) 4 mm (b) 5 mm
(a) IS 885 (b) IS 1375 (c) 6 mm (d) 3 mm
(c) IS 675 (d) IS 875 [SSC-JE : 2015]
[SSC-JE : 2010]
4.14 Consider the following factors
4.7 The beams supporting the stair steps are A. Large number of loading cycles
generally known as B. Large variations in stress
(a) headers (b) trimmers C. Large stress concentrations
(c) stringers (d) spandrel beam
Those associated with fatigue failure would
[SSC : JE : 2013]
include________.
4.8 As per IS : 800, the factor of safety adopted (a) A and B (b) A and C
with respect to the yield stress of steel is (c) B and C (d) A, B and C
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 1-3-2017]
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 421

4.15 As per IS specifications, which of the following 4.22 If a system has more equations of equilibrium
physical properties of structural steel is taken than no. of forces, then the system is : -
irrespective of its grade? (a) Improperly constrained
(a) Unit mass of steel (b) Partially constrained
(b) Modulus of elasticity (c) Stable
(c) Poisson's ratio (d) None of these
(d) All options are correct [SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018]
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 3-3-2017] 4.23 Given that J is no. of joints. B and R are no. of
4.16 The main advantage of a steel member members and no. of reactions.
is________. If B= 4, R= 3 and J = 4, then the truss is :-
(a) Statically determinate
(a) its high strength
(b) Statically indeterminate and stable
(b) its gas and water tightness
(c) Stable
(c) its long service life
(d) Unstable
(d) All options are correct
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018]
[SSC - JE (Forenoon) 4-3-2017]
4.24 The beam outside a wall up to floor level above
4.17 As per ISI, rolled steel beam sections are
it, is known as
classified into
(a) rafter (b) lintel
(a) two series (b) three series
(c) spandrel beam (d) None of these
(c) four series (d) five series [SSC-JE : (Evening) 22.01.2018]
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 4-3-2017]
4.25 Web crippling generally occurs at the point where
4.18 The channels get twisted symmetrically with (a) bending moment is maximum
regard to its axis (b) shearing force is minimum
(a) parallel to flanges (c) concentrated loads act
(b) parallel to web (d) deflection is maximum
(c) perpendicular to flanges [SSC-JE : (Morning) 23.1.2018]
(d) perpendicular to web
4.26 In case of a simply supported rectangular -
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 4-3-2017]
section beam of span L and loaded with a central
4.19 Bulb angles are used in load W, the length of elasto-plastic zone of the
(a) column building (b) bridge building plastic hinge is
(c) ship building (d) water tank building (a) L/2 (b) L/3
[SSC - JE (Afternoon) 4-3-2017] (c) L/4 (d) L/5
[SSC-JE : (Evening) 23.1.2018]
4.20 What will be the rain load (in psf) if ds is 2 inch
and dh is 1 inch? 4.27 In case of a simply supported rectangular beam
(a) 5.2 (b) 10.4 of span L and loaded with a central load W, the
(c) 15.6 (d) 20.8 length of elasto-plastic zone of the plastic hinge
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018] is

L L
4.21 If in planar system, X parts/ members are there (a) (b)
2 3
with Y no. offers, then condition for statically
determinate is :- L L
(a) Y < 3X (b) Y > 3X (c) (d)
2 5
(c) Y = 3X (d) None of these
[SSC-JE : (Afternoon) 24.01.2018]
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 22.01.2018]
422 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

4.28 The moment of the couple set up in a section of (a) 1.4 (b) 1.5
a beam by the longitudinal compressive and (c) 1.6 (d) 1.7
tensile force is known as [SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
(a) bending moment
4.30 If Q is load factor, S is shape factor and F is
(b) moment of resistance
factor of safety in elastic design, the following
(c) flexural stress moment
(a) Q = S + F
(d) None of these
(b) Q = S – F
[SSC-JE : (Morning) 25.01.2018]
(c) Q = F – S
4.29 In plastic analysis, the shape factor for a (d) Q = S × F
rectangular section is [SSC-JE : (Evening) 29.01.2018]

„„„„

Answers Steel Design

1. Structural Fasteners

1.1 (d) 1.2 (d) 1.3 (a) 1.4 (c) 1.5 (b) 1.6 (a) 1.7 (c) 1.8 (b) 1.9 (a)
1.10 (b) 1.11 (b) 1.12 (b) 1.13 (b) 1.14 (c) 1.15 (c) 1.16 (c) 1.17 (d) 1.18 (b)
1.19 (d) 1.20 (d) 1.21 (b) 1.22 (b) 1.23 (a) 1.24 (a) 1.25 (d) 1.26 (a) 1.27 (c)
1.28 (b) 1.29 (b) 1.30 (d) 1.31 (b) 1.32 (a) 1.33 (c) 1.34 (a) 1.35 (b) 1.36 (b)
1.37 (c) 1.38 (a) 1.39 (c) 1.40 (c) 1.41 (b) 1.42 (b) 1.43 (b) 1.44 (c) 1.45 (b)
1.46 (b) 1.47 (d) 1.48 (a) 1.49 (b) 1.50 (d) 1.51 (c) 1.52 (c) 1.53 (d) 1.54 (c)
1.55 (d) 1.56 (d) 1.57 (d) 1.58 (d) 1.59 (c) 1.60 (d) 1.61 (d) 1.62 (c) 1.63 (d)
1.64 (d) 1.65 (c) 1.66 (d) 1.67 (b) 1.68 (d) 1.69 (a)

2. Tension, Compression and Flexural Member

2.1 (d) 2.2 (d) 2.3 (d) 2.4 (d) 2.5 (b) 2.6 (b) 2.7 (b) 2.8 (d) 2.9 (b)
2.10 (a) 2.11 (c) 2.12 (c) 2.13 (d) 2.14 (d) 2.15 (a) 2.16 (a) 2.17 (b) 2.18 (b)
2.19 (a) 2.20 (b) 2.21 (a) 2.22 (d) 2.23 (c) 2.24 (c) 2.25 (a) 2.26 (c) 2.27 (b)
2.28 (b) 2.29 (c) 2.30 (b) 2.31 (a) 2.32 (d) 2.33 (d) 2.34 (d) 2.35 (b) 2.36 (b)
2.37 (d) 2.38 (d) 2.39 (d) 2.40 (d) 2.41 (d) 2.42 (d) 2.43 (c) 2.44 (d) 2.45 (c)
2.46 (d) 2.47 (c) 2.48 (b) 2.49 (c) 2.50 (b) 2.51 (a) 2.52 (c) 2.53 (c) 2.54 (c)
2.55 (c) 2.56 (a) 2.57 (d) 2.58 (d) 2.59 (d) 2.60 (a) 2.61 (c) 2.62 (d) 2.63 (d)
2.64 (d) 2.65 (b) 2.66 (d) 2.67 (b) 2.68 (c) 2.69 (c) 2.70 (c) 2.71 (d) 2.72 (b)
2.73 (b) 2.74 (c) 2.75 (d) 2.76 (a) 2.77 (c) 2.78 (d)
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 423

3. Plate Girders and Industrial Roofs

3.1 (c) 3.2 (a) 3.3 (c) 3.4 (b) 3.5 (b) 3.6 (a) 3.7 (c) 3.8 (d) 3.9 (b)
3.10 (c) 3.11 (a) 3.12 (a) 3.13 (b) 3.14 (d) 3.15 (a) 3.16 (b) 3.17 (a) 3.18 (c)
3.19 (b) 3.20 (b) 3.21 (a) 3.22 (c) 3.23 (d) 3.24 (b)

4. Miscellaneous

4.1 (a) 4.2 (d) 4.3 (a) 4.4 (c) 4.5 (d) 4.6 (d) 4.7 (c) 4.8 (c) 4.9 (b)
4.10 (c) 4.11 (a) 4.12 (c) 4.13 (c) 4.14 (d) 4.15 (b) 4.16 (d) 4.17 (d) 4.18 (a)
4.19 (c) 4.20 (c) 4.21 (c) 4.22 (b) 4.23 (d) 4.24 (c) 4.25 (c) 4.26 (b) 4.27 (b)
4.28 (b) 4.29 (b) 4.30 (d)

Explanations Steel Design

1.6 (a)
1. Structural Fasteners
As per IS 800: 1984, Clause 8.10.1, the distance
1.1 (d) between centres of two adjacent rivets, in a line
Generally fillet welding is used to connect two lying in the direction of stress, shall not exceed
plates at a lap joint. 16t or 200mm, whichever is less in tension
members, where t is the thickness of the thinner
1.2 (d) member.
A riveted joint can fail when either the rivets (due Given, thickness (t) = 10mm
to shearing or bearing) or plate (due to tearing) therefore, 16t = 160 mm
fail. since 160mm < 200 mm, hence maximum centre
to centre distance is 160 mm.
1.3 (a)
As per IS 800:1984, clause 8.9.3 1.7 (c)
For nominal diameter upto 25 mm,
Zigzag is pattern of riveting/bolting. Other
Gross diameter = Nominal diameter + 1.5 mm
options are variants of welding.
= 14 mm + 1.5 mm
= 15.5 mm 1.8 (b)

1.4 (c) Beam resists the load by virtue of flexure.

As per IS 800:2007, clause 10.5.4.1 Although it can take a little axial load, but
primarily it is meant for transverse loading.
IS

1.10 (b)
loverall
As per IS 800: 2007, Clause 10.2.2.

1.11 (b)
IS
Efficiency per pitch length,
leffective = loverall – 2s
(P − d) × t × σy P − d
1.5 (b) η= =
P × t × σy P
As per IS 800: 1984, Clause 8.9.4.2. (where, t = thickness of plate)
424 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

1.12 (b) thickness in order to avoid washing down of the

exposed areas.
As per IS 800: 1984.
1.5 mm
1.13 (b) Specified size

As per IS 800 : 2007.

1.16 (c) 1.24 (a)

For nomial diameter > 25 mm The minimum edge and end distances from the
Hole dia, d ′ = Nomial diameter + 2 mm centre of any hole to the nearest edge of a plate
= 36 mm + 2 mm should not be less than 1.7 times the hole diameter
= 38 mm for sheared or hand-flame cut edges, and 1.5
times the hole diameter for rolled, machine-flame
1.17 (d)
cut, sawn and planned edges.
Area for bearing stress is calculated as A = d × t ;
The maximum edge distance from the centre of
where 'd' is hole diameter of the rivet and 't ' is
the hole to the nearest edge should not exceed
the thickness of the plate where connection is
being made. 1/2
 250 
12 tε where ε = 
 fy 
and t is the thickness
1.18 (b)
In the analysis of riveted joints, uniform of the thinner outer plate.
distribution of stress in plates is considered.
1.25 (d)
1.21 (b)
When thickness of plate is more than 8 mm,
Throat thickness
Unwin’s formula is used, which gives:
d = 6 t mm
If t < 8 mm, d is obtained by equating crushing
strength to shear strength of the joint.

1.22 (b) 1.27 (c)

Pitch (p)
Maximum permissible stress in rivet (clause 4.6
of IS 1367 : 1967)

Axial tension Shear Bearing

Type
(MPa) (MPa) (MPa)
P P
gauge (g)

(i) Power driven

(a) Shop rivet 100 100 300
(b) Field rivet 90 90 270
(ii) Hand driven 80 80 250
Edge distance (e)

1.23 (a) 1.29 (b)

According to clause 10.5.8.1 of IS 800 : 2007 Size of the fillet weld is minimum weld leg size.
(General construction in steel : Code of practice)
1.30 (d)
where a fillet weld is applied to the square edge
Diameter of rivet hole is made larger than nominal
of a part, the specified size of the weld should
diameter of the rivet by 1.5 mm for rivets less
generally be at least 1.5 mm less than the edge
than or equal to 24 mm diameter and by 2 mm for
diameter exceeding 2 mm diameter.
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 425

1.31 (b) 1.38 (a)

The partial safety factor for steel is 1.15 and the For diamond riveting, first line of rivet is critical
partial safety factor for material for concrete is for main plate which has only one rivet. Hence
1.5. net area at that section would be (b-d) × t and
gross area of solid plate would be b × t. Hence
1.32 (a) the efficiency would be the ratio of net area to
Bearing stress is a contact pressure between solid plate area, permissible stress being same
separate bodies. It differs from compressive in both the case. Hence efficiency would come
stress because compressive stress is the internal out as (b-d)/b.
stress caused by a compressive force.
1.39 (c)
1.33 (c) Bolts can resist by shearing, bearing and axial
A butt weld is a technique to join two parts which tension. However it is most suited for axial
are parallel or basically don't overlap. tension because tensile yielding capacity of bolts
is greater than that of shear yielding.
1.34 (a)
1.40 (c)
Side fillet → Weld is placed parallel to the
direction of force.
End fillet → Weld is placed perpendicular to the
direction of force
t
Diagonal fillet → Axis of the weld is inclined to
the direction of force. 45°
S
Side fillet Diagonal fillet Here, S = Size of fillet
t = Throat thickness
Now, from the figure above
S cos45° = t
P
S
⇒ =t
2
S 2
⇒ = = 2 :1
t 1
End fillet
1.41 (b)
1.35 (b) Pitch is measured along the direction of stress
As per IS 800: 1984, Clause 8.10.3.1. and gauge is measured perpendicular to the
direction of stress.
1.36 (b)
1.42 (b)
Unwin’s formula,
Assumptions in riveted connection are:
d = 6.05 t (i) Rivets fill the hole completely.
Given, t = 16 mm (ii) Bending stress in rivets is neglected.
∴ Dia of rivet, d = 6.05 × 16 (iii) Stress in the plate is uniform.
(iv) Friction between the plates is neglected.
= 24.2
24 mm
(v) Rivets in group subjected to direct load share
1.37 (c) the load equally.

Fillet weld is recommended only if the angle 1.43 (b)

between fusion faces lie between 60° to 120° .
If a rivet is heated and then driven, then it is a
power driven rivets, else it is a cold riveting.
426 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

1.45 (b) 1.55 (d)

As per Indian Standard code, IS 800: 1984, the All the terms can be used be interchangeably
working shear stress of a power driven shop rivet
is taken as 100 N/mm2, which is approximately 1.56. (d)
equivalent to 1025 kg/cm2. All the options are generally adopted for double
cover butt joint.
1.46 (b)
All the fillet welds are assumed to resist the 1.57 (d)
loading by shearing on its throat. Load
Number of rivets =
Rivet value
1.47 (d)
Where rivet value is minimum of shearing
Refer IS 800: 1984 for the assumptions for riveted strength and bearing strength of rivet.
joints.
1.59 (c)
1.48 (a)
Efficiency of the riveted joint
Joint strength are generally kept less than the
(P − d )
strength of the main member, else the main =
member may fail before the joint.
P

1.50 (d) 1.68 (d)

Refer IS 800: 2007. For plate,

1.52 (c)  p2 
Net area =  b − nd + ×t
 4g 
P′

g g
b

Rivet line P
dh → hole diameter
In the figure above
P → Pitch (s taggered)
P = Pitch of rivet
g → Gauge
g = gauge distance of rivet
b → plate width
P ′ = staggered pitch
t → thickness of plate
1.53 (d)
1.69 (a)
In double cover butt joint, main plates are
efficiency of riveted joint (η)
connected by using cover plates on both sides.
minimum of {Ps ,Pb ,Pt }
1.54 (c) η =
P
Diameter of a rivet hole is made larger than the Ps → strength of joint in shear
diameter of the rivet by 1.5 mm up to rivet
Pb → strength of joint in bearing
diameter of 25 mm and by 2 mm for rivet diameter
Pt → strength of joint in tearing
over 25 mm.
P → strength of solid plate
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 427

2.10 (a)
2. Tension, Compression and Flexural Member
For laced column
2.1 (d) Effective slenderness ratio = 1.05 times actual
maximum slenderness ratio
Generally, in a steel beam section, the web is
For battened column
considered to carry the shear whereas the flange
Effective slenderness ratio = 1.1 times actual
is considered to carry the moment.
maximum slenderness ratio.
2.2 (d)
2.12 (c)
This is in accordance to clause 7.6.6.3 of code IS
800 : 2007.
L=5m

2.18 (b)
This is in accordance to Table 3 of code IS 800 :
The electric pole can be considered as a 2007.
cantilever. For cantilever, one end fixed and other
end free 2.19 (a)
L eff = 2L = 2 × 5 m = 10 m Slenderness ratio is more in the direction having
2.3 (d) least radius of gyration. So member fails by
Gross sectional area = Net sectional area + area buckling in the direction having least radius of
of the rivet holes. gyration.

2.4 (d) 2.20 (b)

As per IS 800: 2007, Table 3. As per IS 800: 1984, Clause 5.7.3.

2.6 (b) 2.21 (a)

Euler's formula take into consideration of the Web crippling is a common mode of local failure
failure of column by buckling which is a experienced by web elements of thin-walled
phenomena occurring in long columns only. Short beams under concentrated loads or reactions.
columns fail by crushing of the material rather
2.22 (d)
than buckling.
Column splices are used when different sections
2.7 (b) are used in one column in order to increase the
As per IS 800: 2007, clause 7.6.6.3. length as pre-fabricated sections have definite
and limited length.
2.8 (d)
2.23 (c)
Refer table 3 of IS 800 : 2007.
Given, Rolled steel flat designation
2.9 (b) = 55 ISF 12 mm
A strut is a structural component designed to
resist longitudinal compression.
12 mm
Weight
55 mm
Cross-section of lacing

Strut Strut bd3 55 × 123

∴ I= = mm4
12 12
A = 55 × 12 mm2
TIE
428 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

Now, minimum radius of gyration, 2.32 (d)

Rolled angles can be equal, unequal or bulb.
55 × 123
rmin = I 12
= = 12 2.33 (d)
A 55 × 12
Beam sections are flexural members which are
= 3.46 mm used to resist bending stress.

2.24 (c) 2.34 (d)

As per IS 800: 2007, Clause 7.6.4 Concrete can not take axial tension in the truss.

2.25 (a) 2.37 (d)

As per IS 800: 2007, Clause 7.7.1.4 Anet = (Agross – n × d)
Agross = Plate area
2.26 (c)
n = Number of rivets in the section
The buckling load in steel column is given by d = Dia of rivet hole
Euler formula as
2.39 (d)
π2EA
P = fcr.A = B (Neither held nor restrained)
λ2

1
∴ P∝ ,
λ2
λ = Slenderness ratio
A (Held and restrained)

2.27 (b)
As per IS 800 : 1978, the maximum allowable 2.41 (d)
outstand for unstiffened flange is limited to 16t. Maximum axial compressive load = σac × A
This is to avoid local buckling phenomena in the = [625 kg/cm2 × 30 cm2]
flange plates. = 18750 kg = 18.75 tonnes
So, 18 tonnes can be taken as safe load.
2.28 (b)
Lateral buckling always occurs due to bending 2.44 (d)
about minor axis having smaller moment of Reference IS: 800 2007
inertia.
2.45 (c)
2.29 (c) If the longest span does not exceed 15% more
The working stress of structural steel if than the shortest span.
approximately about 55% of fy, which being
130 N/mm2 for Fe250 and 230 N/mm2 for HYSD 2.48 (b)
bars.

2.31 (a)
Lug angles may or may not be unequal angles
leff = 0.67 l (or 0.65 l)
which helps to connect the outstanding leg. Thus
it helps to reduce shear lag and length of the
connection as both the legs of the main angle
are now connected.
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 429

2.49 (c) 2.62 (d)

leff Description λmax

λ = rmin Tension member in which reversal of
direct stress is due to loads other than 180
For l = 0, either leff = 0 means the column is wind or earthquake
supported throughout its length. i.e. it will not
buckle. A member normally acting as a tension
member but in which stress reversal is 135
due to wind or E.Q. Load
2.51 (a)
A member always under tension except
B 400
pretension member

2.64 (d)
tw effective length
D Slenderness ratio =
radius of gyration

2.71 (d)
tf
For simply supported beam the maximum
Gross area of web = D × tw
where D is depth of the beam. 1
permitted deflection is .
325
2.52 (c)
2.72 (b)
Seated
connection Given,
area of connecting leg= a
area of outstanding leg = b
Anet = a + kb
3a
where, k =
3a + b

2.54 (c) 3ab

Anet = a +
3a + b

= a+ b
b
1 + 0.33
a

2.73 (b)
The net area of round bar to resist the tension is
l eff = 0.85 l the area of cross-section at root of the thread.
2.55 (c) 2.74 (c)
Given, l = 4 m = 400 cm When tension member is too long we provide a
rmin = 5 cm bar to reduce slenderness ratio (λ)
l 400
λ = r = 5 = 80 effective length
min λ = least radius of gyration
430 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

2.75 (d) 3.5 (b)

As the thickness of member exceeds 20 mm we Generally, the angle of roof truss with asbestos
decrease the allowable stress in axial tension to sheets should not be less than 30 degrees.
prevent failure of member.
3.7 (c)
2.76 (a) In architecture or structural engineering or building,
Channel should be placed back to back when a purlin (or purline) is a horizontal structural
less radius of gyration is required. member in a roof. Purlins support the loads from
and should be placed face to face when large the roof deck or sheathing and are supported by
radius of gyration is desirable. the principal rafters and/or the building walls,
steel beams etc.
2.77 (c)
Perforated cover plates are suitable for build up 3.8 (d)
sections consisting of four angle box section to Bearing stiffener are designed as strut.
prevent entry of moisture.
3.10 (c)
2.78 (d)
For single lacing:
Lug angle is used at a joint to reduce length of
joint, to reduce shear lag effect and to increase 1
t≥ of effective length of lacing
efficiency of tension member. 40
It is generally used with single angle and channel For double lacing:
member.
1
t≥ of effective length of lacing
60
3. Plate Girders and Industrial Roofs
3.11 (a)
3.1 (c)
Stiffners are used for:
Gusset plates are thick sheets of steel that are (i) Controlling local buckling
used to connect beams and girders to columns (ii) Connecting bracing or transverse beam
or to connect truss members. A gusset plate
can be fastened to a permanent member either 3.12 (a)
by bolts, rivets or welding or a combination of A sag tie is the central vertical member of the
the three. truss used to reduce the moment due to self-
weight in the long middle tie member and also
3.3 (c)
to reduce its resulting deflection.
ISLB - Indian Standard Light Weight Beam.
ISMB - Indian Standard Medium Weight Beam. 3.14 (d)
ISHB - Indian Standard Heavy Weight Beam. Given, Pull, P = 800 kN
ISWB - Indian Standard Wide Flange Beam. Gross dia, d = 26 mm
Considering two mild steel flat connected on each
3.4 (b)
side of gusset plate.
For economic spacing of roof trusses, the cost 800
of truss should be equal to twice the cost of ∴ Load on each flat, P1 = = 400 kN
2
purlins +the cost of roof covering. As a guide Now, For field riveting,
the spacing of the roof trusses can be kept: Shearing strength= 90 N/mm2
(i) 1/4 of span up to 15 m.
π
(ii) 1/5 of span up to 15 m to 30 m. ∴ Rivet value, Rv = × 262 × 90
4
= 47783.62 N= 47.78 kN
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 431

∴ Number of rivets required, 3.24 (b)

P1 400 In grillage footing maximum bending moment
n= = = 8.37
9
Rv 47.78 occurs at edge of base plate and maximum
shear force occurs at centre of base plate.
3.15 (a)
Bracings are primarily responsible to resist the 4. Miscellaneous
lateral load.
4.1 (a)
3.16 (b)
Pitch of the roof affects the load that can be
b
placed on it.
X X

d
1 kN/m2
Moment of inertia about axis XX is given by
α
db3
I=
12
 1  2
  kn/m
 cos α 
4.4 (c)

Dead load per horizontal surface area of roof

b
cover materials increases with the slope of roof,
γmax
 1 
multiply with   where α is the roof pitch/ d
cos α  N N

slope.

3.18 (c)
Girts are the beam supporting wall covering and
Section modulus,
purlins are the beams supporting roof covering.

3.20 (b) bd3

I bd 2
Bay is spacing between 2 bents in roof truss of Z= = 12 =
γmax d 6
space frames.
2
3.21 (a)
Shear is mainly resisted by web & bending is 4.5 (d)
mainly resisted by flanges in rolled steel beams. Shape factor is defined as the ratio of plastic
section modulus to that of elastic section
3.23 (d)
modulus.
The rise of the jack arch is kept 1/12 th of span Section Shape factor
and the minimum depth at crown is kept at Rectangle/Square 1.5
150 mm. Circle 1.7
Diamond 2
I-section 1.1 - 1.2
432 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

4.6 (d) 4.12 (c)

Types of load IS standard Filler plates are provided because the dimensions
Dead load IS 875 : Part I of the sections of the columns are different.
Live load IS 875 : Part II Bearing plates are used to transfer concentrated
Wind load IS 875 : Part III compressive forces between two structural elements.
Snow load IS 875 : Part IV Column splices are to be used always whenever
Seismic load IS 1893 two different sections are used in a single column
to ensure proper joint.
4.7 (c)
4.13 (c)
Stringers: These are beams in a bridge running
parallel to the roadway and spanning between As per IS 804: 1967.
other beams which transfer the loads to main 4.14 (d)
girders or trusses. Inclined breams supporting Fatigue failure occurs due to infinite repeated
stairs in buildings are also called stringers. cycles of loading along with large variation of
Spandrel beam: These are the exterior or edge stress including reversal of stresses and also
beams in a building supporting loads from exterior large stress concentration.
walls and from parts of the floor system. 4.15 (b)
4.9 (b) Refer IS 456: 2000.
Permissible stress refers to amount of stress that 4.16 (d)
will not cause failure.
All the options are the advantages of a steel
Ultimate stress member especially over a concrete member.
Permissible stress =
Factor of safety 4.17 (d)
The five series are :
4.10 (c) ISJB (Indian Standard Junior Beam).
Load factor to be applied with wind and seismic ISLB (Indian Standard Light Beam).
load depends on type of load combination. For ISMB (Indian Standard Medium Beam).
example: ISWB (Indian Standard Wide flange Beam).
At limit state of collapse: ISHB (Indian standard Heavy Beam).
(i) 1.5 DL + 1.5 LL
4.20 (c)
(ii) 1.5 DL + 1.5 WL/EL
(iii) 0.9 DL + 1.5 WL/EL Rain load (in PSF) = 5.2 (ds + dh)
(iv) 1.2 DL + 1.2 WL + 1.2 WL/EL = 5.2 (2 + 1)
= 15.6
4.11 (a) (As per code followed in US)

4.22 (b)
Flooring R.S. Joises
Partially constrained, – if it has two or fewer
reactions components. There are not enough
Concrete
reactions to prevent motion under all possible
loading conditions.
Civil Engineering Paper-I : Objective z Steel Design 433

4.23 (d) where SF in shape factor of the cross section. lp

is length of plastic hinge. for rectangular c/s,
Degree of in determinary, Ds = m + r – 2j
S.F = 1.5
m = member = 4
r=3 1  l
lp = l  1− =
j=4  1.5  3
Ds = (4 + 3) – (2 × 4) = –1 (Unstable)
4.29 (b)
4.24 (c)
Spandreal beam extending horizontally from one zP
column to another and supporting a section of shape factor = z
e
wall.
b
4.25 (c)
Concentrated load is the cause of local bulking y
also called web crippling. A
N d
4.26 (b)

W Calculating for ze

 bd 3 
I  
=  12 
L
ze =
y max d/2
For rectangular c/s, shape factor = 1.5
and we know, length of plastic hinge (LP)
bd 2
Ze =
 1 6
= l  1− 
 SF  Calculation for ZP
ZP = A1y1 + A2y
 1 
= L 1 −  for rectangle,
 1.5 
A
A1 = A2 =
L 2
LP =
3
b
4.27 (b)
A1 d/2
y
W A
A2 d/2
equal
area axis
lp

l A
Thus, ZP = (y 1 + y 2 )
2

lp = l  1−
1
 d
 SF  and y1 = y 2 =
4
434 SSC-JE • Topicwise Previous Solved Papers

4.30 (d)
bd  d d  bd 2
Thus, ZP = × +  = Load factor(Q) = factor of safety(F) × shape
2 4 4 4
Factor(S), Q = F×S

bd 2 yield stress fy
where, F = =
working stress f
Thus, S.F. = 4 2
bd
6 MP fy × ZP
shape factor, S = M = f × Z
y y
⇒ SF = 1.5

Z P Plastic section modulus

= =
Z Elastic section modulus

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