Readings in Philippine History

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Meaning and Relevance of History

Reading Philippine History Week#1

Instructions. Read each sentence or phrase carefully. Choose TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE
if the statement is incorrect.
1. The word "history" comes from the Greek language.
2. The Filipino word for history is "kasaysayan."
3. Studying history helps us understand how the world has changed.
4. History is only about kings and queens.
5. Historians always agree on what happened in the past.
6. The way we understand history can be influenced by our own beliefs and values.
7. Most history is based on what people wrote or said about the past.
8. Historians can perfectly recreate the past.
9. The way we write history can be affected by the kind of documents we have available.
10. Historical revisionism is always bad.

Quick Review: Provide notebook to answer the following statements/questions as note to summarize the
discussion for Week 1.
Note: Submit your notebook at the end of each period (On-site) as one of the requirements of this subject.

Statements/Questions:
1. Compose an essay align with the title “Knowing the Past is Understanding the Present.”
Instruction. Read each sentence or phrase carefully, select the best answer among the choices.
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1. From what Greek word is "history" derived?

A. Chronos B. Historia C. Logos D. Mythos
2. How did Aristotle define history?
A. A chronological account of natural phenomena C. A study of the future
B. A collection of myths and legends D. An analysis of philosophical concepts
3. What is the Filipino equivalent of "history"?
A. Alamat B. Kasaysayan C. Kwento D. Salita
4. According to Zeus Salazar, what is the root of the Filipino word "kasaysayan"?
A. Alamat and saysay C. Salaysay and saysay
B. Kwento and Alamat D. Salita and kwento
5. What is the primary meaning of history, according to the text?
A. A collection of dates and events C. A simple story or narrative
B. A search for truth and understanding D. A study of ancient civilizations
6. The traditional view of history, emphasizing written documents as primary sources, has limitations
because:
A. It excludes the history of cultures without written records. C. It is entirely objective and unbiased.
B. It is based solely on eyewitness accounts. D. It provides a whole picture of the past.
7. The statement "facts of history are facts of meaning" suggests that:
A. Historian's perspective shapes interpretations.
B. Historical facts are concrete and unchanging.
C. Historical sources are always reliable.
D. History is a purely objective discipline.
8. Achieving complete objectivity in history is challenging because:
A. Historians are influenced by their own time and culture.
B. Historians have no personal biases.
C. Historical sources are always accurate and complete.
D. The past can be observed directly like a scientific experiment.
9. The concept of subjectivity in history implies that:
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A. Different historians may interpret the same evidence differently.

B. Historians should ignore all personal perspectives.
C. Historical knowledge is purely subjective and without value.
D. There is only one correct interpretation of historical events.
10. While objectivity is a goal in history, the value of historical knowledge lies in:
A. Critical analysis and reasoned argumentation.
B. Ignoring alternative interpretations.
C. Presenting only the most verifiable facts.
D. Relying solely on primary sources.
11. Based on your understanding of the role of history in understanding change, which of the following
scenarios best demonstrates the application of historical knowledge?
A. A government analyzing past economic crises for future policies.
B. A person choosing a career based on current job trends.
C. A student memorizing dates of important historical events.
D. A tourist visiting historical sites to learn about past cultures.
12. How can the study of past conflicts contribute to building a more peaceful future?
A. By analyzing conflict causes for better solutions. C. By glorifying the achievements of war heroes.
B. By focusing solely on the battles and casualties. D. By ignoring the mistakes of the past.
13. Understanding the human experience through history can foster empathy and compassion. Which of the
following actions best reflects this understanding?
A. Blaming past generations for current problems. C. Studying history solely to pass exams.
B. Ignoring the struggles of people in other cultures. D. Volunteering to help those affected by typhoon.
14. Given the limitations of the historical record, what is the most significant challenge faced by historians
inreconstructing the past?
A. Bias in historical sources C. The disappearance of evidence over time
B. Lack of interest in historical research D. The subjectivity of human memory
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15. How does the incompleteness of historical records impact our understanding of different cultures and
societies?
A. It encourages the creation of historical myths. C. It limits our knowledge of specific historical eras
B. It has no effect on historical interpretation. D. It provides a complete picture of the past.
16. Considering the subjective nature of human memory and the limitations of historical evidence, what
approach should historians adopt to create a reliable historical narrative?
A. Construct a narrative based on personal beliefs. C. Ignore contradictory evidence.
B. Evaluate multiple sources critically. D. Rely solely on written documents.
17. Given the complexities of historical research, how can historians ensure the credibility and reliability of
their interpretations?
A. By applying historical methods rigorously. C. By presenting a single, definitive interpretation.
B. By avoiding critical analysis of sources. D. By relying solely on primary sources.
18. To what extent does the historian's own perspective influence the construction of historical narratives?
A. Historians have no influence on their interpretations.
B. Historian's perspectives shape historical understanding.
C. Historians should strive for complete objectivity in their work.
D. Historical narratives are purely objective representations of the past.
19. Based on your understanding of historical distortion and revisionism, propose a strategy to promote
historical accuracy and combat misinformation in the digital age.
A. Censor online content related to history.
B. Dismiss all information found online as unreliable.
C. Encourage critical thinking and media literacy among the public.
D. Rely solely on traditional print media for historical information.
20. Imagine you are a history teacher. How would you design a lesson plan to help students differentiat
between historical revisionism and distortion?
A. Discourage critical thinking and questioning of historical narratives.
B. Encourage students to rely on their own opinions about the past.
C. Present students with a single, authoritative historical narrative.
D. Provide students with a variety of perspectives on a historical event.
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Instruction. Read each sentence or phrase carefully, and match the correct answer corresponding to it.

Column A Column B
1. History A. The process of critically examining and analyzing historical events
2. Historiography B. The study of methods and techniques used by historians
3. Historical Method C. The imaginative reconstruction of the past based on evidence
4. Historical Revisionism D. The intentional manipulation of history to promote false narrative
5. Historical Distortion E. The process of updating historical information base on new evidence
Readings in Philippine History
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Reading Philippine History Week#2

Instructions. Read each sentence or phrase carefully. Choose TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE
if the statement is incorrect.
1. Primary sources are those created during the time period being studied.
2. Relics are examples of primary sources.
3. Secondary sources are interpretations of primary sources.
4. Newspapers from the past are considered primary sources.
5. Oral history is a type of secondary source.
6. The CARS checklist is used to evaluate the credibility of primary sources.
7. The National Archives primarily houses secondary sources.
8. A museum is a repository of primary sources.
9. Historical interpretation is subjective and influenced by the historian's perspective.
10. The primary goal of historical research is to find definitive and unchanging truths

Quick Review: Provide notebook to answer the following statements/questions as note to summarize the
discussion for Week 1.
Note: Submit your notebook at the end of each period (On-site) as one of the requirements of this subject.

Statements/Questions:
1. Compose an essay align with the title “The Relevance of Technology in Preserving and Sharing Primary
Sources of Historical Information”.
Instruction. Read each sentence or phrase carefully, select the best answer among the choices.
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1. What are the two main types of historical sources?

A. Intentional and Unintentional C. Relics and Testimonies
B. Primary and Secondary D. Written and Oral
2. How are relics useful to historians?
A. They are always accurate representations of the past.
B. They are only valuable if they are well-preserved.
C. They are primarily used to understand art and culture.
D. They provide direct evidence of past events.
3. What is the primary difference between intentional and unintentional sources?
A. The age of the source C. The purpose of the source's creation
B. The format of the source D. The reliability of the source
4. Why is it important for historians to consider the context of a source?
A. To determine the author's bias C. To understand the meaning of the source
B. To identify the source's main argument D. To verify the accuracy of the source
5. Which of the following is NOT a type of historical source?
A. A diary C. A newspaper article
B. A fictional novel D. A photograph
6. What is the primary purpose of using primary sources in historical research?
A. To analyze the writing styles of different authors
B. To confirm information found in secondary sources
C. To create a comprehensive bibliography
D. To provide firsthand accounts and perspectives
7. How do secondary sources differ from primary sources?
A. Secondary sources are always more reliable than primary sources.
B. Secondary sources are typically created during the time period being studied.
C. Secondary sources interpret and analyze primary sources.
D. Secondary sources provide firsthand accounts of events.
8. Which of the following is a potential limitation of using primary sources?
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A. They are not relevant to contemporary issues. C. They are too detailed and specific.
B. They are often difficult to access. D. They may contain biases or inaccuracies.
9. Why are secondary sources valuable in historical research?
A. They are always unbiased and objective. C. They offer different interpretations of events.
B. They are the only reliable source of information. D. They provide original data and evidence.
10. Which of the following would be considered a primary source for researching the World War II in
Philippines?
A. A biography of Jose P. Laurel C. A soldier's diary from the World War II
B. A documentary about the World War II D. A textbook about the World War II
11. You are researching a local historical event for a community project. Which of the following would be the
most efficient way to gather primary sources for your research?
A. Conduct interviews with elderly eyewitness of the event.
B. Purchase a general history textbook about the region.
C. Rely solely on information found on popular social media platforms.
D. Watch documentaries about the event.

12. A student is interested in researching the fashion trends of the 1920s. Which of the following would be
the most appropriate primary source to consult?
A. A documentary about the 1920s. C. A history textbook chapter on the 1920s.
B. A fashion magazine from the 1950s. D. An original photographs of 1920s fashion.
13. A researcher is studying the impact of World War II on a specific city. Which of the following digital
resources would be most helpful in locating primary source materials related to this topic?
A. A general search engine like Google. C. An online encyclopedia.
B. A specialized historical database. D. A social media platform.
14. How does the availability of primary source repositories influence historical research and interpretation?
A. Repositories are only useful for specific historical periods.
B. Repositories have no impact on historical research.
C. Repositories limit access to historical information.
D. Repositories provide essential resources for historians.
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15. What challenges might researchers face in accessing and utilizing primary sources housed in different
repositories?
A. Location, resources, and preservation limit access.
B. Primary sources are always available in digital format.
C. Repositories are easily accessible to all researchers.
D. There are no challenges associated with accessing primary sources.
16. How can governments and institutions ensure the preservation and accessibility of primary sources for
uture generations?
A. By digitizing and making primary sources available online.
B. By focusing solely on collecting new primary sources.
C. By neglecting proper storage and preservation methods.
D. By restricting access to primary sources.
17. What is the most significant benefit of using primary sources in historical inquiry?
A. Primary sources allow for direct engagement with the past.
B. Primary sources are always more reliable than secondary sources.
C. Primary sources eliminate the need for critical thinking.
D. Primary sources provide factual information without interpretation.
18. How can students effectively evaluate the credibility of information presented in primary sources?
A. By accepting information at face value.
B. By comparing multiple sources for patterns and inconsistencies.
C. By disregarding any information that contradicts their prior knowledge.
D. By relying solely on the author's reputation.
19. Based on the CARS checklist, develop a strategy for evaluating the credibility of online news articles
related to historical events.
A. Check the article for factual accuracy using multiple sources.
B. Ignore any evidence that contradicts your beliefs.
C. Rely solely on the reputation of the news outlet.
D. Trust information presented without question.
20. Imagine you are creating a lesson plan for high school students on evaluating historical information. How
would you incorporate the CARS checklist into your instruction?
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A. Focus solely on teaching students about primary and secondary sources.

B. Offer students practice exercises in applying the CARS checklist to various sources.
C. Provide students with a list of the CARS criteria and ask them to memorize them.
D. Tell students to rely on their instincts when evaluating information.
Instruction. Classify the sources if it is primary or secondary.
A. Primary Source B. Secondary Source

1. A biography of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi 3. A photograph of EDSA I Revolution

2. A documentary about Marawi Siege 4. A recorded interview with a comfort woman
3. A letter written by Dr. Jose Rizal