Grade 10 Ext

Numerical Number
and ● Laws of exponents, including fractional/rational exponents
Abstract ○ Fractional exponents
reasoning ● Rationalizing the denominator
○ Two-term denominators (only square roots)
● Logarithms, including laws of logarithms and the use of technology to find values
○ Definition of Logarithm from the exponential equation.
○ Natural and common logarithm.
○ Laws of Logarithm (product, quotient and power)
○ Change of base.
● Upper and lower bounds
○ Give appropriate upper and lower bounds for data given to a specified
accuracy- e.g., measured lengths.
○ Obtain appropriate upper and lower bounds to solutions of simple
problems given data to a specified accuracy. -e.g., the calculation of the
perimeter or the area of a rectangle.
● Triangular inequality of absolute value.
● Number bases
Algebra
● Arithmetic and geometric sequences and series.
○ General formula of arithmetic and geometric sequences.
○ Finite sum of AS and GS
○ Infinite sum of GS.
○ Sigma notation.
● Exponential equations
○ With and without use of logarithm.
○ Using substitution and converting the equation into different types to
solve.
● Non-linear inequalities algebraic and graphical.
● Algebraic fractions:
○ Multiply or divide
○ Add or subtract
○ Solve equations involving Algebraic fractions.
THINKING ● Function theory:
WITH ○ Relations and functions, vertical line test.
MODELS ○ Domain, range and graphs
○ Composite functions
○ Inverse function with domain restriction.
○ Transformation of functions (Algebraic, Graphic and using Technology)
● Transformation of quadratic functions (Review)
● Rational functions
○ Domain, Range, Asymptotes, End-behavior, Transformations with and
without GDC.
● Graphing trigonometric functions
○ Sin and Cos waves
○ Period, amplitude, vertical and horizontal translation.
○ Degrees and radian domain
○ With and without GDC.
● Representation and shape of more complex functions
○ Logarithmic function as parent function with domain, range, end
behavior.
○ Exponential function as parent function (with growth and decay),
domain, range, end behavior.
○ Transformations of Logarithmic and Exponential Graphs.
○ With and without GDC
● Linear programming, including inequalities (move to G9 Ext)
SPATIAL Geometry
REASONING ● Volume and capacity of 3D shapes and compound shapes (Review)
● Similar shapes. (Dilation of shapes)
○ Linear ratio of similarity
○ Non-linear ratio of similarity (Area and Volume)
● Gradients of perpendicular lines
● Identical representation of transformations
● Fractals (informal introduction)
● Inscribing and circumscribing shapes
● Arc length and sector using radians
● Vectors in 2D and 3D:
○ Geometric definition
○ Component form
○ Operations (addition, subtraction, scalar multiplication)
○ Dot product in both geometric and component ways
○ Angle between vectors.
Trigonometry
● Converse of Pythagoras’ theorem
● Sine rule and cosine rule, Area of triangle with the ambiguity.
● Three-dimensional coordinate geometry (
● Unit circle
○ Radian-degree conversion
○ Quadrants
○ Definition of sin cos and tan in coordinates
○ Trigonometric Table (special angles)
○ Symmetry Identities, complementation identity.
○ Pythagorean Identity in Trigonometry
REASONING Statistics:
WITH DATA ● One variable Stat.
○ Measure of central tendencies (mean, median mode) in discrete and
continuous data.
○ Cumulative frequency curve and five-point summary with box-and-
whisker.
○ Histograms (fixed intervals for continuous) and frequency polygons
○ Outliers
○ Measure of dispersion (range, IQR)
○ Standard deviation and variance (with and without GDC)
● Two-variable statistics
○ Correlation coefficient and Regression line by GDC
○ Interpolation, extrapolation, confirmation bias
Counting principles:
● Factorials
● Permutations
● Combinations
Probability:
● Sampling:
○ Listing
○ Two-way table
○ Venn Diagram
○ Tree Diagram
● Probability theory:
○ Theoretical probability (definition)
○ Mutually exclusive events
○ Complementary events
○ Combined probability
○ De Morgan's Theorem
○ Independent events
○ Conditional Probability: P(A and B) = P(A/B) * P(B)