In simple terms, simple machines are basic tools that help us make work easier by either

changing the direction of a force or making it stronger. They don't have many moving parts
and are easy to use.
For example, if you want to lift something heavy, instead of lifting it straight up, you can use
a ramp (an inclined plane) to push it up more easily.
In short, Simple machines help us do tasks with less effort.

The history of simple machines dates back thousands of years, as early humans discovered
ways to make tasks easier using basic tools.

He famously said
In simple terms, when Archimedes said, "Give me a place to stand, and I will move the
Earth," he was explaining how powerful levers can be. He meant that if he had a strong
enough lever and a solid point to stand on, he could lift or move anything, even something as
big as the Earth, with very little effort.
Aqueduct- passage or canal for flowing water

They became the foundation of mechanical engineering because they help us understand
how forces and movement work, which is essential for building more complex machines and
systems. By studying these, engineers learned how to design more advanced machines that
we use in everyday life, like cars and elevators.

When you use a simple machine, you apply a force (called the input force) at one point, and
the machine redirects or changes that force, creating an output force at another point.

For example, if you use a lever to lift a heavy rock:

 The input force is the force you apply to one end of the lever.
 The lever transfers this force and multiplies it, making it easier to lift the rock, which is
the output force at the other end.

1. Simple machines can transfer force from one place to another. This means that when you
push or pull on one part of the machine, it moves the force to a different spot to do work. For
example, with a pulley, when you pull down on the rope, the force is transferred to the other
end of the rope, making something on the other side go up
2. . Simple machines can change the direction of the force you apply, making certain tasks
easier. For example, with a pulley, if you pull a rope down, it changes the direction of the
force so that something on the other end goes up. This allows you to lift heavy objects by
pulling down instead of lifting directly upward.
3. For example, if you’re using a crowbar (a lever) to lift something heavy, you only need to
push down with a small amount of force, but the crowbar multiplies that force and makes it
strong enough to lift something much heavier.
4. Simple machines can also help make things move farther or faster with the force you
apply. For example, when you use a bicycle (which has gears and wheels), you only push the
pedals a short distance, but the wheels move a much greater distance. The machine
increases the distance covered or the speed at which something moves by spreading out the
force you apply

The magnitude of a force refers to the size or strength of the force, without considering its
direction.

Simple machines work by providing leverage, which means they help you use a small amount
of effort to lift or move something heavy.
The Ideal Mechanical Advantage of the lever is 4. This means that the lever allows you to lift
a load that is four times heavier than the force you apply. In this case, by applying just 50 N
of force, you can lift a 200 N rock.

Example:
  Imagine a seesaw:
o The fulcrum is the point in the middle where the seesaw balances.
o The effort is the weight of a person pushing down on one side.
o The load is the weight of the person or object on the other side that gets lifted
up.

In summary, the fulcrum is the pivot point, the effort is the force you apply, and the load is
what you're trying to lift or move!

There are three types of levers, classified based on the arrangement of the fulcrum, effort,
and load. This arrangement also will help us to easily identify the type of lever.

Arrangement: The fulcrum is in the middle, with the effort on one side and the load on the
other.
Arrangement: The load is in the middle, with the fulcrum on one end and the effort on the
other.
Arrangement: The effort is in the middle, with the load on one end and the fulcrum on the
other.

Acronym . F L E

Wheelbarrow, nut cracker, lemon squeezer

PULLEY
Summary:

 Wheel: Circular part that the rope wraps around.

 Groove: Channel on the wheel that holds the rope in place.
 Axle: Central rod that the wheel turns on.
 Rope or Cable: A flexible, strong material that runs over the wheel, used to lift or
move the object. The object to be moved is usually attached to one end of the rope.

You can attach the object to one end of thye rope-let this rope pass through the grooved
edges of the wheel. Other end of the rope is free which can be pulled to lift the object.

A pulley helps you to reverse the direction of your lifting force .

As seen in the picture, you pull the rope downward to lift the weight up

In these sense, Pulley changes the direction of the force required to lift an object.

If you are using a single pulley, it will not give you so much mechanical advantage,. That
is the more the number of pulleys ,the lesser the amount of force required to do the work.

Pulleys are of 3 Types.

Fixed pulley- A flagpole uses a fixed pulley to raise and lower the flag.

Movable-Example: Construction cranes use movable pulleys to lift heavy materials.

Compound-Used on ships to raise sails or in heavy-duty lifting equipment.

drill-to make holes

Translational motion refers to the movement of an object in which every part of the object
moves in the same direction and by the same distance.

Screw

This IMA means that the screw multiplies your input force by approximately 251 times.
While the object is moved only a small distance for each full turn of the screw (due to the
small pitch), the force you need to apply is greatly reduced, making it easier to lift heavy
objects.

Car jack- used to lift a vehicle to change a tire, repair, maintenance

Vice-mechanical tool used to hold an objectin place esp. In drilling, or cutting

5. An inclined plane is like a slanted surface that helps make it easier to move heavy objects
upwards. Instead of lifting something straight up, which takes a lot of effort because you're
fighting gravity directly, you can push or pull the object along the slanted surface. It takes
less force to move the object this way, but the trade-off is that you need to move it over a
longer distance compared to just lifting it up. It's like taking the long, easy way instead of the
short, hard way!