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_1_I_DE_Introduction _ Syllabus

The document outlines the course 'Irrigation & Drainage Engineering' (AG31004) taught by Dr. Ashok Mishra at IIT Kharagpur, detailing the syllabus, objectives, and evaluation methods. It covers essential topics such as water resources, soil-water relationships, irrigation methods, and the importance of efficient irrigation for agricultural sustainability. The course aims to equip students with the knowledge to plan and manage irrigation systems effectively.

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2 views

_1_I_DE_Introduction _ Syllabus

The document outlines the course 'Irrigation & Drainage Engineering' (AG31004) taught by Dr. Ashok Mishra at IIT Kharagpur, detailing the syllabus, objectives, and evaluation methods. It covers essential topics such as water resources, soil-water relationships, irrigation methods, and the importance of efficient irrigation for agricultural sustainability. The course aims to equip students with the knowledge to plan and manage irrigation systems effectively.

Uploaded by

sharif.iitkgp
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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IRRIGATION & DRAINAGE

ENGINEERING (AG31004 )

Introduction & Syllabus

Dr. Ashok Mishra


IIT Kharagpur
General Information
Course Time
Monday : 10:00 AM to 11:00 AM
Wednesday : 08:00 AM to 10:00 AM
Thursday : 10:00 AM to 11:00 AM

Class Room
Online (MS Teams)

Credits
4 (L-T-P: 3-1-0)
syllabus
 Water Resources- utilization for irrigation, Irrigation potential, and
Significant issues of irrigation and drainage problems of country.
 Basic soil & water relationship: Soil Properties- soil as three phase system,
Porosity, Void Ratio, Infiltration- measurements and equations, Darcy’s Law-
saturated hydraulic conductivity & determination
 Measurement of irrigation water: Weirs, Flumes, Orifices and Meter Gate
 Farm water delivery system and control: Design of open channel and
underground pipelines, Water regulating and division structures
 Crop water requirement: Measurement & estimation, Water requirement,
Irrigation scheduling, Effective rainfall, Irrigation efficiency
 Irrigation methods: Surface, Sub-surface, Sprinkler irrigation and Micro
irrigation, Hydraulics of border, furrow and check basin irrigation.
 Sprinkler irrigation: Types of sprinklers, Fluid dynamics of sprinkler system,
Hydraulics of pipe system, Water distribution to the soil, Drop size
distribution, Design and operation of sprinkler systems.
 Micro/Drip irrigation- Components, Design and evaluation of micro irrigation
system, filtration and flushing, fertigation
Text and Reference Books
1. Michael, A.M. (2nd Edition, 2007). Irrigation – Theory and Practice.
Vikas® Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
2. Murthy, V.V.N. (1985). Land and Water Management Engineering.
Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana.
3. James, Larry G. (1988). Principle of Farm Irrigation System Design.
John Wiley and Sons, New York.
4. Schwab, G. O., Fangmeier, D. D., Elliot, W. J., Frevert, R. K. (4th Edition,
1992). Soil and Water Conservation Engineering. John Wiley & Sons
Inc., New York.
5. Jensen, M. E. (1981). Design and Operation of Farm Irrigation System.
ASAE Monograph No.3.
6. Drainage Principles and Application, ILRI, Publication No. 16, Vol. I-IV,
The Netherlands, 1979.
Objectives of the course
To introduce students with the importance of planning, design
and management of irrigation, by following the basic ideas-
 when to apply (timing),
 how much to apply (amount), and
 how to apply (method).

Relevancy
Agricultural sector uses ~70% of available fresh water with quite
low irrigation efficiency. By designing an efficient irrigation
method and plan, even saving of a little percent of water will
make huge availability of fresh water to other sectors- leading to
water sustainability.

© At the completion of the course the students should be able to


understand the necessity of planning an irrigation system to
provide water at the right time and right place.
Evaluation System
Mid-Sem. Exam/Test : 21-25 Feb. 2022 30%

End-Sem. Exam/Test : 07-13 Apr. 2022 50%

Teacher’s Assessment : 20%


Quiz/Viva : 10 marks
Assignments : 5 marks
Attendance : 5 marks
Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
 What is Irrigation?
 Artificial application of water to soil for the purpose of crop
production.
 To supplement the water available from rainfall and soil
moisture (GW).
 What is Drainage?
 Removal and disposal of excess water from agricultural land.
 Excess water- detrimental to crop production- restricts soil
aeration, affects soil temperature and hinders with tillage
operations.
 ..Engineering ..?
Water Resources and its Status
Water Resources - India
Why Water Resources Assessment?
 Basic source of water is precipitation.

Irrigation Irrigation
Conveyance
Canal System
Surface
Runoff Sea
Storage Reservoirs
Small Streams Tanks Rivers Rivers
Ponds

Ground Water

A proper understanding of the role of water in agriculture requires


a careful analysis of nation’s water budget.
Indian Water Budget
25-30%
precipitates as
Rain Fall
+
Monsoon 100 M ha-m SF Monsoon
Arabian Sea Way of Bengal
770 M ha-m
400 M ha-m 340 M ha-m
moisture moisture
70 M ha-m
Atmospheric loss

115 M ha-m 45 M ha-m 215 M ha-m


Regenerated GW Flow
Surface runoff Ground Water
Irrigation 20 M ha-m 180 M ha-m
Outside
Commission of
catchments
Surface Flow 60 M ha-m
India (1972)
15 M ha-m : Irrigation
15 M ha-m Diversion/Direct
Reservoirs Rivers Pumping
and Tanks 150 M ha-m : Sea &
Adjoining Countries
105 M ha-m
Indian Water Budget
25-30%
precipitates
as Rain Fall
Monsoon Monsoon
Arabian Sea Way of Bengal
400 M ha-m 340 M ha-m
770 M ha-m
moisture moisture
70 M ha-m
Atmospheric loss

115 M ha-m 45 M ha-m 215 M ha-m


Regenerated GW Flow
Surface runoff Ground Water
Irrigation 20 M ha-m 180 M ha-m
Outside
Commission of
catchments
Surface Flow 60 M ha-m
India (1972)
15 M ha-m : Irrigation
15 M ha-m Diversion/Direct
Reservoirs Rivers Pumping
and Tanks 150 M ha-m : Sea &
Adjoining Countries
105 M ha-m
Irrigated Agriculture in the World

 Irrigation is practiced on more than


277 million ha (ICID Survey, 2005).

 The top ten countries irrigate 67.3% of


the world’s total. Four countries -
India, China, USA and Pakistan – have
the largest irrigated areas.
Irrigated area
(Top ten countries of the world)
Sources of Irrigation
Sources of Irrigation
Surface water
River based stored water
- Reservoirs, Barrage, lift canals etc.
Seasonal streams
- On-stream check dams etc.
Depression stored water
- Ponds, reservoirs, lakes etc.
Sources of Irrigation
Groundwater
Open wells
- Farmers/Personal shallow water wells
Tubewells
- Personal/government controlled publick
tubewells

Concept of - Conjunctive Use

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