Enrolment No.

/Seat No_______________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE- SEMESTER–V (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2024
Subject Code:3150911 Date:17-12-2024
Subject Name:Power System- II
Time:10:30 AM TO 01:00 PM Total Marks:70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
4. Simple and non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed.

Marks
Q.1 (a) What is meant by three-phase balanced circuit? Write down expressions of three- 03
phase balanced voltage phasors in polar form.
(b) With the help of phasor diagram for π-model of the transmission line, show that the 04
receiving-end voltage magnitude becomes greater than the sending-end voltage
magnitude when the transmission line is under no-load condition. What is the name
of this effect?
(c) Compare nominal-T and nominal-π method for analysis of medium transmission line 07
with phasor diagrams and necessary expressions.

Q.2 (a) Evaluate percentage voltage regulation of a medium line that has the following 03
parameters:
A = 0.951 , B = 10075 
The receiving-end and sending-end voltage magnitudes are found to be VR = 132 kV
and VS = 139 kV respectively when the transmission line delivers a typical load.
(b) Show the steps to draw the receiving-end circle diagram to obtain the sending-end 04
voltage magnitude and angle.
(c) Create per unit reactance diagram for the power system shown in Fig.-1. Start with 07
base MVA of 100 and base kV of 220 in 50Ω line. The ratings of components are:
Generator: 40 MVA, 25 kV, X=20%
Motor: 50 MVA, 11 kV, X=30%
T1: 40 MVA, 33/220 kV (Y-Y), X=15%
T2: 30 MVA, 11/220 kV (∆-Y), X=15%
Line: Inductive reactance of 50Ω

Fig.-1
OR
(c) Create per unit impedance diagram for the sample power system shown in Fig.-2. 07
Start with base MVA of 100 and base kV of 10 in generator circuit. The ratings of
components are:
Generator: 100 MVA, 10 kV, X=j0.5 pu
T1: 3-phase, 2-winding, delta-star transformer developed by using three single-phase
units, each single-phase unit rated 35 MVA, 10/230 kV, X=j0.1 pu.
T2: 90 MVA, 400/10 kV (Y-∆), X=j0.1 pu
Line 1 and Line 2: Inductive reactance of each line 200Ω.
1
 Load: Impedance of (0.1+j0.5) Ω.

Fig.-2
Q.3 (a) How many symmetrical components are required to analyze 12-phase unbalanced 03
system? What will be the sequence operator in that case?
(b) Draw zero sequence network of the power system shown in Fig.-3. The transformers 04
and lines are to be represented as reactance only.

Fig.-3

(c) Formulate Zbus using step-by-step algorithm for symmetrical fault analysis in case of 07
the power network shown in Fig.-4. The reactances are in per unit.

Fig.-4

OR
Q.3 (a) Express three-phase unbalanced current phasors in terms of sequence components in 03
matrix form using sequence operator.
(b) A balanced delta-connected load is connected to a three-phase supply and is supplied 04
line current of 15 A. If the line ‘b’ is opened suddenly, compute symmetrical
components Ia1, Ia2 and Ia0 of the line current.
(c) Analyze behavior of short circuit current with relevant expression and waveforms 07
when a three-phase short circuit occurs suddenly at the end of a transmission line
being fed from constant voltage source v = Vm sin (t + ) V. Assume that the line is
represented as series impedance Z=(R+jXL)Ω and the fault occurs at t=0. Line
charging capacitance is neglected.
Q.4 (a) Why is the zero sequence impedance of the transmission line approximately 2.5 times 03
the positive sequence?

2
 (b) Prove that the fault current is given by the following expression when an LL (line-to- 04
line) fault takes place between terminals “b” and “c” of an unloaded synchronous
generator through Zf:
− j 3Ea
If =
Z1 + Z 2 + Z f
where notations have their usual meaning.

(c) A three-phase, 6.9 kV, 10 MVA alternator has X  =X2=15% and X0=5%. The neutral 07
is grounded through an inductive reactance of 0.381 Ω. Evaluate the subtransient
current in ampere in the faulted phase, when a single line to ground fault takes place
on phase-a.
OR
Q.4 (a) Draw single-phase model of positive, negative and zero sequence network of a three- 03
phase synchronous generator whose star-point of stator winding is connected to
ground through Zn.
(b) Sketch interconnection of sequence networks for single line to ground fault with 04
equations of sequence currents and fault current.
(c) A power system has equivalent positive, negative and zero sequence impedance of 07
j0.2243 pu, j0.1741 pu and j0.15 pu respectively. Evaluate per unit positive sequence
current, zero sequence current and fault current if a solid LLG (line-to-line-to-ground)
fault is to be simulated.
Q.5 (a) Write down corona loss formula given by Peek on basis of weather conditions and 03
name each of the parameters in the expression.
(b) Compare protection provided against lightning by earthing screen and ground wires. 04

(c) Voltage and current travelling waves passing through line having surge impedance 07
Zc1 arrive at discontinuity point from where another line having surge impedance Zc2
starts. For this configuration, derive ratio of (i) the reflected voltage wave to incident
voltage wave and (ii) the transmitted (refracted) voltage wave to incident voltage
wave with usual notations.
OR
Q.5 (a) What will be the effect of the following on disruptive critical voltage and corona? 03
(i) increasing diameter
(ii) reducing spacing between conductors
(iii) rise in barometric pressure of air
(b) Differentiate between direct and indirect lightning strokes. 04
(c) A line is terminated with (i) short circuit and (ii) open circuit. In these two cases, show 07
by waveforms how voltage and current travelling waves move with time and distance.
Assume rectangular wave shape of the waves.

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