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SIMPLE PAST THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

A. Vocabulary
1. Irregular Verbs (Động từ bất quy tắc) – Dành cho trình độ cơ bản
Rank Base Form Past Tense Form Rank Base Form Past Tense Form

1 say said 26 mean meant

2 make made 27 set set
3 go went 28 meet met
4 take took 29 run ran
5 come came 30 pay paid
6 see saw 31 sit sat
7 know knew 32 speak spoke
8 get got 33 lie lay
9 give gave 34 lead led
10 find found 35 read read
11 think thought 36 grow grew
12 tell told 37 lose lost
13 become became 38 fall fell
14 show showed 39 send sent
15 leave left 40 build built
16 feel felt 41 understand understood
17 put put 42 draw drew
18 bring brought 43 break broke
19 begin began 44 spend spent
20 keep kept 45 cut cut
21 hold held 46 rise rose
22 write wrote 47 drive drove
23 stand stood 48 buy bought
24 hear heard 49 wear wore
25 let let 50 choose chose

B. PRONUNCIATION
Cách phát âm “ed”

C1: Phát âm /t/ khi các chữ cái tận cùng của từ phát âm là /p/, /f/, /k/, /s/, /∫/, /ʧ/ (Sháng sớm
chạy khắp phố fường)
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Ví dụ: stopped, coughed, helped, washed,…

C2: Phát âm /id/ khi các chữ cái tận cùng của từ phát âm là /t/ và /d/ (tiền đô)

Ví dụ: needed, invited, wanted,…

C3: Phát âm /d/ khi các chữ cái tận cùng của từ là âm hữu thanh ngoại trừ /d/

Ví dụ: loved, robbed,…

Một số trường hợp đặc biệt khi phát âm “ed”

wicked (adj) /ˈwɪkɪd/ gian trá

beloved (adj) /bɪˈlʌvd/ yêu quý

sacred (adj) /ˈseɪkrɪd/ thiêng liêng

hatred (adj) /ˈheɪtrɪd/ căm ghét

wretched (adj) /ˈretʃɪd/ khốn khổ

rugged (adj) /ˈrʌɡɪd/ lởm chởm, gồ ghề

ragged (adj) /ˈræɡɪd/ rách rưới, tả tơi

dogged (adj) /ˈdɒɡɪd/ kiên cường

blessed (adj) /ˈblesɪd/ may mắn

blessed (v) /ˈblest/ ban phước lành

cursed (v) /kɜːst/ nguyền rủa

cursed (adj) /ˈkɜːsɪd/ đáng ghét

crabbed (adj) /ˈkræbɪd/ chữ nhỏ, khó đọc

crabbed (v) /kræbd/ gắt gỏng

crooked (adj) /ˈkrʊkɪd/ xoắn, quanh co

crooked (v) /ˈkrʊkt/ lừa đảo

used (adj) /juːst/ quen

used (v) /juːsd/ sử dụng

aged (adj) /ˈeɪdʒɪd/ lớn tuổi

naked (adj) /ˈneɪkɪd/ loã thể

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Exercise 1: Điền vào chỗ trống cách phát âm đúng của đuôi "ed" cho các từ dưới đây: /id/, /t/,
hoặc /d/.

1. Walked: _______
2. Wanted: _______
3. Laughed: _______
4. Played: _______
5. Watched: _______
6. Opened: _______
7. Needed: _______
8. Helped: _______

Exercise 2: Chọn từ có cách phát âm khác

1. A. wanted B. talked C. looked D. asked
2. A. helped B. played C. cleaned D. opened
3. A. finished B. laughed C. worked D. needed
4. A. hoped B. lived C. asked D. passed
5. A. decided B. started C. jumped D. painted
6. A. washed B. watched C. wanted D. mixed
7. A. waited B. helped C. wanted D. needed
8. A. danced B. opened C. dressed D. cleaned
9. A. rested B. marked C. mixed D. wished
10. A. visited B. worked C. stayed D. rained
11. A. played B. stoped C. waited D. enjoyed
12. A. learned B. worked C. watched D. cooked
13. A. cooked B. wanted C. wished D. stoped
14. A. moved B. asked C. jumped D. laughed
15. A. borrowed B. stayed C. looked D. rained
16. A. enjoyed B. cleaned C. helped D. washed
17. A. needed B. walked C. wanted D. talked
18. A. finished B. helped C. waited D. missed
19. A. started B. rained C. looked D. pushed
20. A. enjoyed B. washed C. mixed D. wanted
21. A. filled B. aged C. suited D. wicked
22. A. wicked B. sacred C. rugged D. blessed
23. A. beloved B. dogged C. cursed (adj) D. cursed (v)
24. A. hatred B. wretched C. blessed (adj) D. ragged

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C. GRAMMAR
I. LÝ THUYẾT
1. Công thức

Khẳng định Phủ định Nghi vấn

Be S + was/were + O. S + was not /were not + O. Were/Was + S + O?

was/were I, he, she, it, N số ít + was not = wasn’t Yes, S was/were
was were not = weren’t No, S wasn’t/weren’t
You, we, they, N số nhiều Ex: They weren’t doctors. Ex: Was she a nurse?
+ were No, she wasn’t
Ex: He was a teacher.

V chỉ S + Ved + O. S + did not (didn’t) + Vinf + Did + S + Vinf + O?

hành Ex: I went to my aunt’s O. Yes, S did
động house yesterday. Ex: We didn’t go to her No, S didn’t
party
Ex: Did you go to school
last night.
yesterday?
No, I didn’t

u Động từ kết thúc bằng phụ âm (consonant): Thêm "ed" vào cuối động từ.
Ví dụ: work → worked, jump → jumped
u Động từ kết thúc bằng "e": Chỉ thêm "d" vào cuối động từ.
Ví dụ: like → liked, love → loved
u Động từ kết thúc bằng "y" sau một phụ âm: Đổi "y" thành "i" rồi thêm "ed".
Ví dụ: cry → cried, study → studied
u Động từ kết thúc bằng một nguyên âm (vowel) + một phụ âm (trừ "w", "x", "y"): Gấp đôi phụ
âm cuối rồi thêm "ed".
Ví dụ: stop → stopped, plan → planned
u Động từ kết thúc bằng một nguyên âm + "y": Thêm "ed" như bình thường.
Ví dụ: play → played, enjoy → enjoyed
Exercise 3:
1. want → _______ 11. play → _______
2. like → _______ 12. enjoy → _______
3. cry → _______ 13. skip → _______
4. stop → _______ 14. hope → _______
5. clean → _______ 15. wash → _______

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6. plan → _______ 16. marry → _______

7. carry → _______ 17. start → _______
8. love → _______ 18. walk → _______
9. jump → _______ 19. stay → _______
10. study → _______ 20. clap → _______

2. Cách sử dụng:
- Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm đã xác định trong quá khứ.
Ex: He sold his car two weeks ago.
- Diễn tả thói quen, trạng thái trong quá khứ.
Ex: When he was young, he lived in a small flat.
- Diễn tả chuỗi những hành động xảy ra liên tiếp trong quá khứ.
Ex: She put on her coat, took her bag and left the house.
- Diễn tả sự việc đã xảy ra trong quá khứ và không lặp lại.
Ex: I once spoke to Princess Diana.
3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

- Yesterday - How long ago

- Last + week/summer/month/year/night/etc - Just now
- In + thời gian trong quá khứ. Ex: In 2000/etc - Then
- Thời gian + ago. Ex: an hour/ a week ago - When

II. BÀI TẬP

Exercise 4: Hoàn thành câu với was hoặc were.

1. I _____ happy. 4. He ______ on holiday. 8. They _____ at home.

2. You ____ angry. 5. It _____ cold. 9. The cat ____ on the roof.
3. She ______ in London 6. We ______ at school. 10. The children _____in the
last week. 7. You _____ at the cinema. garden.

Exercise 5: Chia động từ trong ngoặc

1. Yesterday, I (go)______ to the restaurant with a client.
2. We (drive) ______ around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.
3. When we (arrive) ______ at the restaurant, the place (be) ______ full.
4. The waitress (ask) ______ us if we (have) reservations.
5. I (say), "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
6. The waitress (tell)______ us to come back in two hours.

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7. My client and I slowly (walk) ______ back to the car.

8. Then we (see) ______ a small grocery store.
9. We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) ______ some sandwiches.
10. That (be) ______ better than waiting for two hours.
Exercise 6:

Exercise 7:
1. I _____ at home all weekend. (stay)
2. Angela ______ to the cinema last night. (go)
3. My friends ______ a great time in Nha Trang last year. (have)
4. My vacation in Hue ______ wonderful. (be)
5. Last summer I _____ Ngoc Son Temple in Ha Noi. (visit)
6. My parents ____ very tired after the trip. (be)
7. I _______ a lot of gifts for my little sister. (buy)
8. Lan and Mai _______ sharks, dolphins and turtles at Tri Nguyen aquarium. (see)
9. Trung _____ chicken and rice for dinner. (eat)
10. They ____ about their holiday in Hoi An. (talk)
11. Phuong _____ to Hanoi yesterday. (return)
12. We _____ the food was delicious. (think)
13. Yesterday, I (go)______ to the restaurant with a client.
14. We (drive) ______ around the parking lot for 20 mins to find a parking space.
15. When we (arrive) ______ at the restaurant, the place (be) ______ full.
16. The waitress (ask) ______ us if we (have) reservations.

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17. I (say), "No, my secretary forgets to make them."

18. The waitress (tell)______ us to come back in two hours.
19. My client and I slowly (walk) ______ back to the car.
20. Then we (see) ______ a small grocery store.
21. We (stop) in the grocery store and (buy) ______ some sandwiches.
22. That (be) ______ better than waiting for two hours.
23. I (not go) ______ to school last Sunday.
24. She (get) ______ married last year?
25. What you (do) ______ last night? - I (do) ______ my homework.
26. I (love) ______ him but no more.
27. Yesterday, I (get) ______ up at 6 and (have) ______ breakfast at 6. 30.
28. They (buy) ______ that house last year.
29. She (not go) ______ to school yesterday.
30. That boy (have) ______ some eggs last night.
C. READING
A Trip to the Zoo
Last Saturday, Tom and his family visited the zoo. They arrived
early in the morning and started their day by looking at the
lions. The lions were sleeping under a tree, and Tom took some
pictures.
Later, they went to see the monkeys. The monkeys played with
each other and climbed on the trees. Tom's little sister, Lily,
laughed loudly when the monkeys did funny tricks.
For lunch, they had sandwiches and juice. After lunch, they walked to the aquarium. At the aquarium,
they saw many colorful fish and a big shark. Tom was amazed by the shark's size.
In the afternoon, they visited the penguins. The penguins swam quickly in the water and slid on the
ice. Tom and Lily enjoyed watching them a lot. Before they left the zoo, they bought some souvenirs
from the gift shop.
1. What did Tom and his family do first?
A. They took pictures.
B. They visited the penguins.
C. They arrived at the zoo.
2. What were the lions doing when Tom and his family saw them?
A. The lions played with each other.
B. The lions climbed on the trees.

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C. The lions were sleeping under a tree.

3. What did Tom’s sister, Lily, do when she saw the monkeys?
A. Lily took pictures.
B. Lily laughed loudly.
C. Lily had a sandwich.
4. What did they see at the aquarium?
A. Many colorful fish and a big shark.
B. Monkeys playing.
C. Penguins sliding on the ice.
5. What did Tom and Lily do before they left the zoo?
A. They bought souvenirs.
B. They swam with the penguins.
C. They arrived at the aquarium.
D. WRITING
1. (Yesterday / to the park / went / Tom / with / his friends)

2. (She / watched / the movie / at home / last night)

3. (The teacher / gave / a test / us / last week)

4. (We / visited / the museum / on Sunday / last week)

5. (My family / had / a picnic / in the park / last Saturday)

6. (I / bought / a new book / at the bookstore / yesterday)

7. (They / played / soccer / in the a¥ernoon / yesterday)

8. (The dog / ran / quickly / in the garden / last summer)

9. (He / cooked / dinner / for his family / two days ago)

10. (We / saw / a rainbow / a¥er the rain / last weekend)