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007-5852-PMAM41

This document is an examination paper for the M.Sc. (CBCS) Degree in Mathematics, specifically focusing on Functional Analysis, for the April 2020 semester. It includes multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and detailed problem-solving sections, covering various topics such as Banach spaces, Hilbert spaces, and operators. The exam is structured into three parts with a total of 75 marks available.

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dhanushiyakartheesan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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37 views7 pages

007-5852-PMAM41

This document is an examination paper for the M.Sc. (CBCS) Degree in Mathematics, specifically focusing on Functional Analysis, for the April 2020 semester. It includes multiple-choice questions, short answer questions, and detailed problem-solving sections, covering various topics such as Banach spaces, Hilbert spaces, and operators. The exam is structured into three parts with a total of 75 marks available.

Uploaded by

dhanushiyakartheesan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(7 pages)

Reg. No. : ..........................................

Code No. : 5852 Sub. Code : PMAM 41

M.Sc. (CBCS) DEGREE EXAMINATION,


APRIL 2020.

Fourth Semester

Mathematics — Core

FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS

(For those who joined in July 2017 onwards)

Time : Three hours Maximum : 75 marks

PART A — (10  1 = 10 marks)

Answer ALL questions.


Choose the correct answer :

n
1.  xi yi  x p
y q
is known as the
i 1

(a) Minkowski’s inequality


(b) Holder’s inequality
(c) Triangle inequality
(d) Schwartz’s inequality
2. The conjugate space of ln is
(a) ln (b) l1
(c) l1n (d) l

3. Which one of the following is not reflexive?


(a) l3 (b) C0
(c) L4 (d) l26

4. If X is a compact Hausdorff space then C X  is


reflexive if and only if
(a) X is an infinite set
(b) X is an uncountable set
(c) X is a finite set
(d) X is a singleton set

5. In a Hilbert space x , iy  4 z is
(a) i x, y  4 x, z (b)  i x, y  4 x, z
(c)  i x, y  4 x, z (d) x, y  4 x, z

6. In a Hilbert space H, which one of the following is


not true (Here S is a nonempty subset of H)
(a) 0  H
(b) S  S   0
(c) S1  S2  S1  S2
(d) S  is a closed linear subspace of H
Page 2 Code No. : 5852
2

e
i 4 x 7 x
7. The value of e dx is
0
(a) –3 (b) 11
(c) 0 (d) 2

8. An operator T on H is normal if and only if

(a) T * x  Tx for every x

(b) Tx  x for all x

(c) Tx ,Ty   x , y  for all x and y


(d) Tx , x  is real for all x

9. A closed linear subspace M of H reduces an


operator T if and only if M is invariant under

(a) T (b) T*

(c) either T or T * (d) both T and T *

10. An operators T on H is an isometric isomorphism


of H onto itself if and only if
(a) T is unitary
(b) T is normal
(c) T is self adjoint
(d) T is a positive operator
Page 3 Code No. : 5852
PART B — (5 × 5 = 25 marks)

Answer ALL questions, choosing either (a) or (b).

11. (a) Define a Banach space with an example.


Prove that the addition and the scalar
multiplication are jointly continuous in a
Banach space.
Or
(b) If M is a closed linear subspace of a normed
linear space N and x 0 is a vector not in M,
prove that there exists a functional f0 in N *
such that f0 M   0 and f0 x 0   0 .

12. (a) If B and B are Banach spaces, and if T is a


linear transformation of B into B , prove that
T is continuous if its graph is closed.
Or
(b) If B is a Banach space, prove that B is
reflexive if and only if B * is reflexive.

13. (a) Prove that a non-empty subset X of a


normed linear space N is bounded  f X  is
a bounded set of numbers for each f in N * .
Or
(b) State and prove Schwarz inequality in a
Hilbert space.
Page 4 Code No. : 5852
[P.T.O.]
14. (a) Prove that a Hilbert space H is separable 
every orthonormal set in H is countable.
Or
(b) Prove that an operator T on H is self-adjoint
 Tx , x  is real for all x.

15. (a) If T is an operator on H, prove that T is


normal  its real and imaginary parts
commute.
Or
(b) If P is the projection on a closed linear
subspace M of H, prove that M is invariant
under an operator T  TP  PTP .

PART C — (5  8 = 40 marks)
Answer ALL questions, choosing either (a) or (b).

16. (a) Let M be a closed linear subspace of a normed


linear space N. If the norm of a coset x + m
in the quotient space N/M is defined by

xM = inf  x  M m  M , prove that


N/M is a normed linear space. Also show
that N / M is a Banach space if N is a
Banach space.
Or

Page 5 Code No. : 5852


(b) Let M be a linear subspace of a normed linear
space N and let f be a functional defined on
M. If x 0 is a vector not in - M and it
M 0  M  x 0  is the linear subspace spanned
by M and x 0 , prove that f can be extended to
a functional f0 defined on M 0 such that
f0  f .

17. (a) Prove that x  Fx is a norm preserving


mapping of N into N * x where Fx is defined
by Fx f   f x f  N * . Also show that the
mapping x  Fx is linear and an isomeric
isomorphism of N into N * .

Or
(b) If B and B are Banach spaces, and it T is a
continuous linear transformation of B onto
B , prove that the image of each open sphere
centered on the origin in B contains an open
sphere centered on the origin in B .

18. (a) State and prove the uniform boundedness


theorem.

Or
(b) Prove that a closed convex subset C of a
Hilbert space H contains a unique vector of
smallest norm.

Page 6 Code No. : 5852


19. (a) Let H be a Hilbert space and let ei  be an
orthonormal set in H. Prove that the
following are equivalent :
(i) ei  is complete
(ii) x  ei   x  0
(iii) If x is an arbitrary vector in H then x =
 x , ei  ei
(iv) If x is an arbitrary vector in H, then
  x , ei  .
2 2
x
Or
(b) Let H be a Hilbert space and let f be an
arbitrary functional in H * . Prove that there
exists a unique vector y in H such that
f x  = x, y  for every x in H.

20. (a) If P is protection on H with range M and null


space N, prove that M  N  P is
self-adjoint and in this case show that
N = M.
Or
(b) Let T be an arbitrary operator on H. Let
1 , 2 ,......... ,  m be the eigen values and let
M1 , M 2 ,......., M m be their corresponding
eigen spaces. Prove that if T is normal then
the M i ’s are pairwise orthogonal and span H.
———————
Page 7 Code No. : 5852

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