1 QUARTER

st

2 nd
QUARTER

3 QUARTER
rd

4 QUARTER
th

SEQUENCE- Set of number that follows a

pattern.
- separated by commas.
EX:
 3,6,9,12,15

SERIES- Represents the sum of the term

in a sequence.
EX:
3+6+9+12+15

ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE- Is a list of numbers

with a constant difference between each consecutive
term. This difference is called “common difference”
ELEPSIS – (…)

GENERAL FORM

a_n = 2n² - 1 for 1≤ n ≥5 = 1,2,3,4,5

a₁ = 2(1) ² - 1
=1

a ₂ = 2(2) ² - 1
=7

a ₃ = 2 (3) ² - 1
= 17

a₄ = 2(4) ² - 1
= 31

a₅ = 2(5) ² - 1
= 49

a_n = 1/n+1 for 1≤ n ≥4 = 1,2,3,4

a₁ = 1/1+1
=½
a₂ = 1/2+1
= 1/3
a₃ =1/3+1
=¼
a₄ = 1/4+1
= 1/5

ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
FORMULA:
a_n = a₁ + (n-1) d
a₁ - first term
d – common difference
n – the given number

EX:
sequence= 4,11,….
d= 11-4
=7

a₁₅ = 4+ (15-1) 7
= 4+(14)7
=4+ 98
a₁₅ =102

a₂₀ = 4+(20-1) 7
= 4+(19)7
=4+133
a₂₀ = 137

sequence= 96,90,…
d=90-96
= -6

a₂₂ =96+(22-1) -6
=96+(21) -6
=96+(-126)
a₂₂ = -30

a ₃₅ =96+(35-1) -6
=96+(34) -6
=96+(-204)
a₃₅ = -108

sequence= 5,9/2,…
d= 9/2 – 5
= -1/2

a₅ = 5+(5-1) (-1/2)
= 5+(4) (-1/2)
= 5-2
a₅ = 3

ARITHMETIC SERIES- the sum of a sequence of numbers where each term is found by
adding or subtracting a constant to the previous term.
- The sum of a few or all of the numbers in an arithmetic sequence is an arithmetic
series.
- To get the arithmetic series you need to first get the arithmetic sequence.

The formula for the sum of an arithmetic sequence is:

Sn = n/2 (a₁ + an)

an= nth term

a₁ = the 1st term
n= number of term
Sn= sum of n term

EX:
sequence= 4,1,….
d= 1-4
= -3

a₁₀ = 4+(10-1) (-3)

=4+(9) (-3)
=4-27
a₁₀ = -23

a₁ = 4
a₁₀ = -23

S₁₀ = 10/2 (4-23)

= 5 (-19)
S₁₀ = -95

sequence= 27,30,33,…
d=30-27
=3

a₁₂ = 27+(12-1)3
= 27+(11)3
= 27+33
a₁₂ =60

a₁ = 27
a₁₂ =60

S₁₂ = 12/2 (27+60)

= 6 (87)
S₁₂ = 522
a₂₄ = 27+(23)3
= 27+69
a₂₄ =96

S₂₄ = 24/2 (27+96)

= 12(123)
S₂₄ = 1,476
GEOMETRIC SEQUENCE- a sequence is geometric if each pair of consecutive terms have a
common ratio.

odd ratio= negative answer

even ratio= positive answer

FORMULA:
a_n = a₁ • r^n-1

EX:
sequence= 3,-6,12,-24
r= -6/3
=-2

a₇ = 3(-2)^7-1
=3(-2) ⁶
= 39(64)
a₇ =192

a₁₀ = 3 (-2)^10-1
= 3(-2) ⁹
=3(-512)
a₁₀ = -1,536

a₅ = 3 (-2)^5-1
= 3(-2) ⁴
= 3(16)
a₅ = 48

a₁₄ =3(-2)^14-1
=3(-2) ¹³
=3(-8,192)
a₁₄ = -24,576

GEOMETRIC SERIES- a series summing the terms of an infinite geometric sequence, in which
the ratio of consecutive terms is constant.

FORMULA:
Sn= a₁ (1-r^n)/1-r
EX:
sequence= 3,9,27,81

S₄ =3(1-3 ⁴)/1-3
=3(1-81)/-2
=3(-80)/-2
S₄ =120

S₆ =3(1-3 ⁶)/1-3
=3(1-729)/-2
=3(-728)/-2
=-2,184-/-2
S₆ = 1,092

sequence= 4,16,64,256

S₁₀ =4(1-4 ¹⁰)/1-4

=4(1-1,048,576)/1-4
=4(-1,048,575)/-3
=4(349,525)
S₁₀ = 1,398,100

S₂ =4(1-4 ²)/1-4
=4(1-8)/1-4
=4(7)/-3
S₂=28/-3

S₄ =4(1-4 ⁴)/1-4
=4(1-256)/1-4
=4(-255)/-3
=-1,020/-3
S₄ = -340

HARMONIC SEQUENCE
LONG DEVISION
SYNTHETIC DEVISION

CIRCLE- the set of points in a plane equidistant from a given point (the center of the circle).
RADIUS- a segment from a center of the circle to a point on the circle (the distance from the
center to a point on the circle).

CIRCUMFERENCE- distance around the edge of the circle.

CONGRUENCT CIRCLE- two circles with the same radius.

DIAMETER- a segment that goes through the center of the circle, with both endpoints on the
edge of the circle.

CHORD- a line segment that goes from one point to another on the circle’s circumference.

TANGENT- a line that intersects a circle at only one point. The radius at the point of tangency
is perpendicular to the tangent line.

TG- is a tangent line

OT- is a radius and TG OT

SECANT- a line that intersect a circle at two point.

SE- is a secant line

INSCRIBED ANGLE- an angle made from points sitting on the circle’s edge.

CENTRAL ANGLE- an angle with vertex at the center of the circle.

ARC- part of the circumference of the circle

-the measure of an arc is equal to the measure of the central angle formed by its
endpoints.

MINOR ARC- are whose measure is less than 180 degree.

MAJOR ARC- are whose measure is greater than 180 degree.

SEMICIRCLE ARC- are whose measure is equal to 180 degree.

CHORD CENTRAL ANGLES THEOREM- if two chords in a circle are congruent, then they
determine two central angles that are congruent.

CHORD ARCS THEOREM- if two chords in a circle are congruent, then their intercepted arcs
are congruent.

PERPENDICULAR TO A CHORD THEOREM- the perpendicular from the center of the circle to a
chord if the bisector of the chord.

CHORD DISTANCE TO CENTER THEOREM- two congruent chords in a circle are equidistant
from the center of the circle.

PERPENDICULAR BISECTOR OF A CHORD THEOREM- the perpendicular bisector of the chord

passes through the center of the circle.
TANGENT THEOREM- a tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius drawn to the point of
tangency.

TANGENT SEGMENT THEOREM- tangent segments to a circle from a point outside the circle
are congruent.

INSCRIBED ANGLE THEOREM- the measure of an angle inscribed in a circle is one-half the
measure of the central angle.

INSCRIBED ANGLES INTERCEPTING ARC THEOREM- inscribed angles that intercept the same
arc are congruent.

ANGLES INSCRIBED IN A SEMICIRCLE THEOREM- angles inscribed in a semicircle are right

angles.

CYCLIC QUADRILATERAL THEOREM- the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are

supplementary

PARALLEL LINES INTERCEPTED ARCS THEOREM- parallel lines intercept congruent arcs on a
circle.

PERMUTATION- order matters

FORMULA:

nPr = n!/(n-r)!
n= the biggest number
r= the smallest number

EX:
1.In a race in which six automobiles are entered and there are not ties, in how many ways can
the first four finisher come in?

SOLUTION:
n=6 r=4

nPr=n!/(n-r)!
=6!/(6-4)!
=6!/2!
=6x5x4x3x2/2!
=6x5x4x3
=360

2. In how many ways can a red rose bush, a yellow rose bush, a white rose bush, and a pink
rose busy in a row in a planter?

SOLUTION:
n=4 r=4 (because there is no second number so both of them is 4)

nPr= n!/(n-r)!
=4!/(4-4)!
=4!/0
=4x3x2x1
=24

COMBINATION- order don’t matter

FORMULA:
n!/(n-r)!r!

KEY WORDS: choose/select

n= highest number
r= lowest number

EX:
1. An election ballot asks voters to select three city commissioners from a group of six
candidate, in how many way can this be done?

SOLUTION:
n=6 r=3

6!/(6-3)!3!
6!/3!3!
²6x5x4²x3/3! 3x2x1
=20

2. An airline is hiring 5 flight attendants, if 8 people apply for the job, how many different
group of 5 attendants can be the airline?

SOLUTION:
n=8 r=5

8!/(8-5)!5!
8!/3!5!
⁴8x7x6²x5/3x2x1 5!
=56

CIRCLE
-a whole circle is 360 degree
CHORD
DIAMETER
RADIUS
CIRCUMFERENCE

SECANT
TANGENT
RADIUS

MINOR ARC

MAJOR ARC
180degree

SAMICIRCLE
ARC

180degree

CENTREAL ANGLE
B
 60°
A C

∠BAC – CENTRAL ANGLE

CENTER- its vertex

m ∠BAC= m BC
FORMULA:

60°= 60°

IF m ∠BAC is 60° then the mBC is also 60° because they are equal

20° A

m ∠BAC = m BC
20° = 20°

A
80° C

m ∠BAC = m BC
80°=80°

B 40° C

20°
 A

m ∠BAC = INSCRIBED ANGLE

CIRCUMFERENCE - its vertex

m ∠BAC = ½ mBC
FORMULA:

20° × 2= 40°

-to get the arc you need to multiply the angle by 2

- to get the angle you need to divide the arc by 2

80°

C
B
160°

m ∠BAC = ½ mBC
160° ÷2= 80°

80° 40° A

m ∠BAC = ½ mBC
40° × 2= 80°

“I have half the number of apples my friend has. My friend has 1052 apples. How many
apples do I have?"