4.

1 EXERCISES HOMEWORK
KEY
5 WORKED-OUT SOLUTIONS
on p. WS1 for Exs. 9, 15, and 41
★ 5 STANDARDIZED TEST PRACTICE
Exs. 7, 20, 31, 43, and 51

SKILL PRACTICE
VOCABULARY Match the triangle description with the most specific name.
- 1. Angle measures: 308, 608, 908 A. Isosceles
- 2. Side lengths: 2 cm, 2 cm, 2 cm B. Scalene
3. Angle measures: 608, 608, 608 C. Right

E 4. Side lengths: 6 m, 3 m, 6 m
5. Side lengths: 5 ft, 7 ft, 9 ft
6. Angle measures: 208, 1258, 358
D. Obtuse
E. Equilateral
F. Equiangular

7. ★ WRITING Can a right triangle also be obtuse? Explain why or why not.

EXAMPLE 1 CLASSIFYING TRIANGLES Copy the triangle and measure its angles. Classify
on p. 217 the triangle by its sides and by its angles.
for Exs. 8–10
8. X 9. M 10. J K

Y Z L N H

EXAMPLE 2 COORDINATE PLANE A triangle has the given vertices. Graph the triangle
on p. 218 and classify it by its sides. Then determine if it is a right triangle.
for Exs. 11–13
11. A(2, 3), B(6, 3), C(2, 7) 12. A(3, 3), B(6, 9), C(6, 23) 13. A(1, 9), B(4, 8), C(2, 5)

EXAMPLE 3 FINDING ANGLE MEASURES Find the value of x. Then classify the triangle by
on p. 219 its angles.
for Exs. 14–19
14.
608
O 15.
3x8
16.
648
x8
x8 608
608 708 x8

ALGEBRA Find the measure of the exterior angle shown.

O 17.
(2x 2 2)8
18.
248
19. x8 1

(2x 1 18)8 (3x 1 2)8

(3x 1 6)8
x8 458

EXAMPLE 4 20. ★ SHORT RESPONSE Explain how to use the

on p. 220 Corollary to the Triangle Sum Theorem to find 3x8
for Ex. 20 the measure of each angle.
2x8

4.1 Apply Triangle Sum Properties 221

 PROPERTIES OF CONGRUENT TRIANGLES The properties of congruence that
are true for segments and angles are also true for triangles.

THEOREM For Your Notebook

THEOREM 4.4 Properties of Congruent Triangles
B
Reflexive Property of Congruent Triangles
For any triangle ABC, n ABC > n ABC. A C

E
Symmetric Property of Congruent Triangles
If n ABC > nDEF, then nDEF > n ABC. D F

K
Transitive Property of Congruent Triangles
If n ABC > nDEF and nDEF > nJKL, then n ABC > nJKL. J L

4.2 EXERCISES HOMEWORK

KEY
5 WORKED-OUT SOLUTIONS
on p. WS1 for Exs. 9, 15, and 25
★ 5 STANDARDIZED TEST PRACTICE
Exs. 2, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30

SKILL PRACTICE
1. VOCABULARY Copy the congruent triangles
shown. Then label the vertices of the triangles so
that nJKL > nRST. Identify all pairs of congruent
corresponding angles and corresponding sides.

2. ★ WRITING Based on this lesson, what information do you need to prove

that two triangles are congruent? Explain.

EXAMPLE 1 USING CONGRUENCE Identify all pairs of congruent corresponding parts.

on p. 225 Then write another congruence statement for the figures.

O
for Exs. 3–4
3. n ABC > nDEF 4. GHJK > QRST

A D E H S

T
G J
C
F P
B K R

EXAMPLE 2 READING A DIAGRAM In the diagram, nXYZ > nMNL. Copy and complete
on p. 226 the statement.

§
for Exs. 5–10
5. m∠ Y 5 ? 6. m∠ M 5 ? X L N
1248
7. YX 5 ? 8. }
YZ > ? 338 8

9. nLNM > ? 10. nYXZ > ? Y Z M

228 Chapter 4 Congruent Triangles

EXAMPLE 3 NAMING CONGRUENT FIGURES Write a congruence statement for any figures
on p. 226 that can be proved congruent. Explain your reasoning.
for Exs. 11–14
11. X Y 12. B
F
E

A
W Z C
D

13. B C 14. W
E J K
V X
L

A F G D Z Y N M

EXAMPLE 4 THIRD ANGLES THEOREM Find the value of x.

O
on p. 227
15. L M Y 16. P
for Exs. 15–16 B S
708
x8 808
5x 8
N X Z 458
A C R

17. ERROR ANALYSIS A student says

M N
that nMNP > nRSP because the
corresponding angles of the triangles
R S
are congruent. Describe the error in
this statement.
nMNP > nRSP P

18. ★ OPEN-ENDED MATH Graph the triangle with vertices L(3, 1), M(8, 1),
and N(8, 8). Then graph a triangle congruent to nLMN.

ALGEBRA Find the values of x and y.

19. 20. (6x 2 y)8

(4x 1 y)8
(17x 2 y)8
408

288
1308
(12x 1 4y)8

21. ★ MULTIPLE CHOICE Suppose n ABC > nEFD, nEFD > nGIH,
m∠ A 5 908, and m∠ F 5 208. What is m∠ H?
A 208 B 708 C 908 D Cannot be determined

22. CHALLENGE A hexagon is contained in a cube, as shown.

Each vertex of the hexagon lies on the midpoint of an
edge of the cube. This hexagon is equiangular. Explain
why it is also regular.

4.2 Apply Congruence and Triangles 229