This pdf contains top 200 most important questions for HSC Board examination Please note that we have curated the questions to the best of our knowledge. We do not guarantee exact questions in the actual paper as those are unknown to everyone. 1) For a rolling hollow sphere, the ratio of the translational KE : rotational KE : total KE is (a)3: 25 (b)1:2:2(c)3: :2(d)2:3:5 2)A 500 kg car takes a round turn of radius 50m with a velocity of 36 km/hr. The centripetal force is a) 250N b) 75ON c) 1000N d) 1200N 3)Two hailstones with radii in the ratio of 1 : 4 fall from a great height through the atmosphere. The ratio of their terminal velocities is (a): 2 (b) 1: 12 (c) 1: 16 (d) 1:8. 4)Two capillary tubes of radii 0.6 cm and 0.3m are dipped in the same liquid. The ratio of heights ‘through which the liquid will rise in the tubes is a) 2:1 b) 1:2 ¢) 4:14) 1:4 5)If the pressure of an ideal gasis decreased by 10% isothermally, then its volume will (a) decrease by 9% (b) increase by 9% (c) decrease by 10% (d) increase by 11.11%. 6)The average energy per molecule is proportional to (a) the pressure of the gas (b) the volume of the gas (c) the absolute temperature of the gas (d) the mass of the gas7)A gas in a closed container is heated with 10 J of energy, causing the lid of the container to rise 2 m with 3 N of force. What is the total change in the energy of the system ? (a)10 J (b) 44 (c)-105 (d)-45 8)Two systems at same temperature are said to be in (a) chemical equilibrium (b) thermal equilibrium (c) mechanical equilibrium (d) electrical equilibrium 9)A mass m attached to a spring oscillates every 2 seconds. If the mass is increased by 2 kg, the time period increases by 1 second. The initial mass m was (a)1.6 kg (b) 2.4 kg (c) 3.2 kg (d) 1.4 kg. 10)Acceleration of a particle executing S.H.M. at its mean position. a) Is infinity b) Varies c) ls maximum d) Is zero 11)When an air column in a pipe closed at one end vibrates such that three nodes are formed in it, the frequency of its vibrations is times the fundamental frequency. (a)2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 12)The integral multiple of fundamental frequencies are a. beats b. resonance c. overtones d. harmonics 13)The Brewster angle for light reflected from the surface of a pond is 53.1". The deviation of the refracted ray is (a) 0° (b) 16.2° (c) 36.9° (d) 90°. 14)Light follows wave nature because...a) Light rays travel in a straight line b) Light exhibits the phenomenon of reflection and refraction ) Light exhibits the phenomenon of interference d) Light causes the phenomenon of photoelectric effect 15)The energy stored in a capacitor and the energy dissipated [supplied] during charging the capacitor are in the ratio (a)1: 1 (b) 1:2 (c)2:1(d) 1:3. 16)if an electron is brought towards another electron, the electric potential energy of the system a) decreases b) increases c) Becomes zero d) Remains same 17)Four resistances 10 ohm, 10 ohm, 10 ohm and 15 ohm form a Wheatstone network. What shunt is required across 15 ~ resistor to balance the bridge ? {a)10 ohm (b) 15 ohm (c) 20 ohm (d) 30 ohm 18)The SI unit of potential gradient is a) V/cm b) V-m c) V/m d) V-cm 19)The maximum speed of the ions with which they leave the cyclotron does NOT depend on (a) the strength of the magnetic field (b) the electric potential difference between the dees (c) the radius R at which the ions leave the cyclotron (d) the mass of the ions. 20)The force between two parallel current carrying conductors is F. If the current in each conductor is doubled, then the force between them becomes (a) 4F (b) 2F (c) F (d) F/421)Magnetic susceptibility is positive and small for (a)silver (b) platinum (c) mercury (d) sodium chloride. 22)The angle at which maximum torque is exerted by the external uniform electric field on the electric dipole is (a) 0° (b) 30° (c) 45° (d) 90° 23)Relative permeability of iron 5500,then its magnetic susceptibility will be a) 5500 x 1047 b) 5501 c) 5499 d) 5500x 10*-7 24)What is the energy required to build up a current of 1 A in an inductor of 20 mH? (a) 10 mJ (b) 20 mi (c) 204 (d) 104 25)In which of the following devices, the eddy current is not used (a) Electromagnet (b) Induction furnace (c) Electric heater (d) Magnetic breaking in train 26)The root mean square speed of the molecules of a gas is proportional to = Absolute temperature of gas] (a) T (b) 1/ T (c)root T (d) 1/root T 27)For a series LCR circuit at resonance the impedance of the circuit is equal to (a) the inductive reactance (b) the capacitive reactance (c) the resistance (d) the inductive and capacitive reactance both. 28)When the bob performs a vertical circular motion and the string rotates in a vertical plane, the difference in the tension in the string at horizontal position and uppermost position is {a)_mg (b) 2 mg (c) 3 mg (d) 6 mg29)An electric current in an LC ~ circuit at resonance is called — a) The wattless current b) The displacement current c) The idle current d) The apparent current 30)If NRed and NBlue are the number of photons emitted by the respective sources of equal power and equal dimensions in unit time, then (a)NRed > NBlue (b) NRed < NBlue (c) NRed = NBlue (d) NRed ~ NBlue 31)In young’s double slit experiment the two coherent sources have different amplitudes. If the ratio of maximum intensity to minimum intensity is 16:1, then the ratio of amplitudes of the two source will be (a) 4:1(b) 5:3 (c) 1:4 (d) 1:16 32)The maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons depends only on a) potential b) frequency c) incident angle d) pressure 33)The ionization energy of Hydrogen atom in its ground state is..... (a) 3.4 e V (b) 10.2 eV (c) 13.6 eV (d) - 13.6 eV 34)Which of the following properties of a nucleus does not depend on its mass number ? (a) Radius (b) Mass (c) Volume (d) Density 35)In a BJT, largest current flow occurs (a) in the emitter (b) in the collector (c) in the base (d) through the CB junction. 36)A liquid rises in glass capillary tube upto a height of 2.5 cm at room temperature. If another glass capillary tube having radius half that of the earlier tube is immersed in the same liquid, the rise of liquid in it will be(a) 1.25 cm (b) 2.5 cm (c) 5 cm (d) 10 cm 37)In a common base configuration, the transistor has emitter current of 10 mA and collector current of 9.8 mA. The value of base current is... (a)0.1 mA (b) 0.2 mA (c) 0.3 mA (d) 0.4 mA 38)The property of light which does not change, when it travels from one medium to another is (a) velocity (b) wavelength (c) frequency (d) amplitude 39)When a sound wave travelling in a denser medium is reflected at its boundary, then (a) a compression is reflected as a compression (b) a compression is reflected as a rarefaction (c) there is no phase change (d) both (a) and (c). 40) Two steel marbles, of radii r and r/2_, are released in a highly viscous liquid. The ratio of the terminal velocity of the larger marble to that of the smaller is (a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 12 (d) 1 41) A stretched string of length 50cm vibrates in four segments when stationary waves are formed on it. If the wave speed is 16 m/s, its frequency of vibration is (a) 28 Hz (b) 32 Hz (c) 64 Hz (d) 128 Hz. 42) The CGS unit gauss is equal to (a) 10 mT (b) 1 T (c) 10 (u)T (d) 100 (u)T. 43) For which logic gate the following statement is true The output is low, if and only if all inputs are low(a) AND (b) NOR (c) NAND (d) OR 44) An electric bulb operates 10 V d.c. If this bulb is connected to an a.c. source and gives normal brightness, then peak value of the source is ... a) 141.4 Vb) 14.14 Vc) 1.414 Vd) 0.1414 VV 45) Which of the following is not a unit of magnetic induction? (a) guass (b) tesla (c) oersted (d) Wb/m2 46) A metal foil of negligible thickness is introduced between two plates of a capacitor at the centre. The capacitance of capacitor will be a) Half b) Double c) Same d) K times 47) Which of the following cannot produce two coherent sources? a) Lloyd’s mirror b) Fresnel biprism c) Young’s double slit d) Prism 48) In a second’s pendulum, mass of Bob is 50 g. If it is replaced by 100 g mass, then its period will be. a)1sb)2sc)3sd)4s10. 1 1 1 14. 1 16. 1 18. Pp » 2 x Does the angle of banking depend on the mass of the vehicle? Why is centrifugal force called a pseudo force ? State the principle of conservation of angular momentum. What will be the shape of liquid meniscus for obtuse angle of contact? What is meant by a surface film ? What is viscous drag ? Why the temperature of all bodies remains constant at room temperature? State zeroth law of thermodynamics. Two different pure gases have the same temperature. Do their molecules have the same rms speeds ? What is the internal energy of the system, when the amount of heat Q is added to the system and the system does not do any work during the process? A simple pendulum is inside a space craft. What will be its periodic time? . How does the frequency of an SHM vary with the force constant k ? Two interfering waves of the same frequency are out of phase but have different amplitudes Al and A2. What can you say about the intensity of the resultant wave ? What is interference of sound waves? What is meant by polarized light ? What must be ratio of the slit width to the wavelength for a single slit, to have the first diffraction minimum at 45°? What do you mean by dielectric polarization?19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 31. 32. 33. 35. 36. 37. Give an example of some familiar process in which heat is added to an object, without changing its temperature. Explain the principle of a capacitor Define potential gradient along a wire. When is an AC circuit non-inductive? State Kirchhoff’s second (voltage) law Is it always necessary to use red light to get photoelectric effect ? What is stated in term of Bohr magneton. What is meant by cyclotron frequency ?In LCR series circuit, what is the condition for current resonance? What is cut off or stopping potential. What happens to a ferromagnetic material when it is heated above its Curie temperature ? State the value of minimum excitation energy for Hydrogen atom. Draw the circuit symbol of PNP transistor. ). What is motional emf ? Name any four common special-purpose diodes. What is a rectifier ? What is the magnetic force on a charged particle which is (i) moving parallel to the magnetic field (ii) stationary. |. What is a potentiometer ? Explain the concept of photoelectric effect. What is the relation between average current and rms current over half cycle. A coil of self inductance 3 H carries a steady current of 2 A. What is the energy stored in the magnetic field of the coil?38. 3 s 40. 4 4 43. 4 46. a 3s e Define magnetization . Derive an expression for axial magnetic field produced by current in a circular loop. What is Lorentz force? .. What is Solenoid? .. A voltmeter has resistance of 100 0. What will be its reading when it is connected across a cell of emf 6 V and internal resistance 20 0? Two spheres A and B of radius a and b respectively are at the same potential. Find the ratio of the surface charge densities of A and B. What are harmonics? A simple pendulum is inside a space craft. What will be its periodic time? Define heat. . Why the temperature of all bodies remains constant at room temperature? What will be the shape of liquid meniscus for obtuse angle of contact?10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. Do we need a banked road for a two-wheeler ? Explain. What can you infer if a uniform ring and a uniform disc have the same radius of gyration? Two soap bubbles have radius in the ratio 2:3. Compare the works done in blowing these bubbles. What is the work done in blowing a soap bubble of radius r ? State the applications of Bernoull’s principle. Draw P-V diagrams to illustrate that the work done by a system depends on the process even when the initial and final states are the same. Explain any two applications of beats. State any two conditions for obtaining a steady and distinct interference pattern. What are the disadvantages of a potentiometer (over a voltmeter) ? State any two limitations of Bohr’s atomic model. Draw p-V diagram showing positive work with Varying pressure. Why do we need filters in a power supply? A flywheel is revolving with a constant angular velocity. A chip of its rim breaks and flies away. What will be the effect on its angular velocity? Obtain an expression for the torque acting on a rotating body with constant angular acceleration. Define surface tension and angle of contact. Show that for diatomic gas the ratio of the two specific heats is 7:5. Derive differential equation of linear S.H.M. Define linear S.H.M. What is Optical Path length? How is it different from actual Path length?20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 3S. 36. What are polar and non polar dielectrics. Distinguish between a potentiometer and a voltmeter. Distinguish between an ammeter and a voltmeter. Magnetic field lines can be entirely confined within the core of a toroid, but not within a straight solenoid Why? Derive the quantity for Bohr magneton and also state its value. Define magnetization. State its SI unit and dimensions. Define Self Inductance, Mutual Inductance ‘An emf of 96 mV is induced in the windings of a coil when a current in a nearby coil is increasing at the rate of 1.20 A/s. What is the mutual inductance of the two coil? State any two characteristics of a series LCR AC resonance circuit. What is the capacitive reactance of a capacitor of SuF at a frequency (1) 50 Hz and (2) 20KHZ? What is mean by dual nature of matter. State Bohr second postulate for atomic model. Express it in its mathematical form. State any two advantage and disadvantage of a photodiode. Discuss Curie’s law of paramagnetism. }. State the first and second postulates of Bohr’s atomic model. State the characteristics of an ideal fluid. Explain what ismeant by the terminal speed of a body falling through a viscous fluid.10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Derive an expression for the kinetic energy of a body rotating with a uniform angular speed Difference: Electromagnet and permanent magnet. Calculate the value of magnetic field at a distance of 3 cm from a very long, straight wire carrying a current of 6A. Difference: Series and parallel combinations of capacitors. Derive an expression for terminal velocity of a spherical object falling under gravity through a viscous medium. Difference: Centripetal force and centrifugal force. Obtain an expression for the torque acting on a rotating body with constant angular acceleration. Define: (a) Inductive reactance (b) Capacitive reactance (c) Impedance A railway track goes around a curve having a radius of curvature of 1 km. The distance between the rails is 1 m. Find the elevation of the outer rail above the inner rail so that there is no side pressure against the rails when a train goes round the curve at 36 km / hr State Stoke's law and give two factors affecting angle of contact. Derive an expression for the electric field intensity at a point outside a charged conducting sphere. Calculate the ratio of two specific heats of polyatomic gas molecule. Explain given cases related to energy transfer between the system and surrounding ~ a. energy transferred (Q) >0 b. energy transferred (Q) < 0 c. energy transferred (Q) = 0 The period of oscillation of simple pendulum increases by 20% , when its length is increased by 44 cm. find its initial length.15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. Show that even as well as odd harmonics are present as overtone in modes of vibration of string. Explain experimental setup for Fraunhofer diffraction with neat diagram. Obtain an expression for the energy stored in a charged condenser . Express it in different forms. Explain with a neat circuit diagram. How you will determine the unknown resistances using a meter bridge. Derive an expression for the net torque on a rectangular current carrying loop placed in a uniform magnetic field with its rotational axis perpendicular to the field Find the relative permeability ,if the permeability of a metal is 0.1256 Tm 4-1 The primary of a transformer has 40 turns and works on 100V and 100 W. Find a number of turns in the secondary to step up the voltage to 400 V. Also calculate the current in the secondary and primary. Explain the term capacitive reactance. State its unit and dimensions. Calculate De Broglie wavelength of bullet moving with speed 90m/sec and having a mass 5 gm. Derive an expression for the radius of the n th Bohr orbit for hydrogen atom. Explain the working of PNP transistor? State and prove the theorem of parallel! axis about moment of inertia. Obtain an expression for the torque acting on a body rotating with a uniform angular acceleration. A rigid body rolls down an inclined plane without slipping. Derive the expressions for (i) the speed after rolling down a certain vertical distance (ii) the acceleration along the plane.29. 3: 3: 3: 2 34. 35. 3 Pp > Derive an expression for the magnetic force experienced by a straight current-carrying conductor placed in a uniform magnetic field. Discuss the cases when the force is maximum and minimum. Show that in an AC circuit containing a pure inductor, the voltage is ahead of current in phase by 180/2 rad. Derive an expression for the radius of the nth Bohr orbit in an atom. Hence, show that the radius of the orbit is directly proportional to the square of the principal quantum number. . State and prove the principle (or law) of conservation of angular momentum. . State and explain Newton's law of viscosity. Derive Stokes’ law using dimensional analysis. State and explain Lenz's law of electromagnetic induction in the light of the principle of conservation of energy. Explain the effect of gravity on fluid pressure,10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Explain de Broglie wavelength. Obtain an expression for de Broglie wavelength of wave associated with material particles. The photoelectric work function for a metal is 4.2 eV. Find the threshold wavelength. Define dark current of photodiode. What are the advantages and disadvantages of photodiode? State the postulates of Bohr’s atomic model. Hence show energy of electron varies inversely to the square of principal quantum number. State Einstein's photoelectric equation . Explain all characteristics of photoelectric effect, on the basis of Einstein’s photoelectric equation. Explain De Broglie’s Hypothesis. Obtain the expression for the applied emf and the effective resistance of the circuit when alternating emf is applied to an CR circuit. Describe the construction and working of a transformer with a neat labelled diagram. Explain origin of magnetism in material, hence find magnetic moment of electron revolving around the nucleus of an atom. What is a conical pendulum? Obtain an expression for its time period Using Biot Savarts law, obtain the expression for the magnetic induction near a straight infinitely long current carrying Wire. Obtain Laplace's law of spherical membrane What is a filter in a de power supply ? Explain the action of a capacitive filter with necessary diagrams. Describe how a potentiometer is used to compare the emf’s of two cells by the combination method. Find the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with dielectric slab between the plates1s. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. Explain Fraunhofer diffraction at a single slit with neat ray diagram. Obtain expression for width of the central bright fringe. Explain the production of beats and deduce analytically the expression for beats frequency. Define ideal simple pendulum and obtain an expression for its periodic time. Explain work done during a thermodynamic process. Two cells of emfs 4 V and 2 V having internal resistances 1 OHM and 2 OHM are connected in parallel so as to send currents in the same direction through a S OHM external resistance. Find the current through the external resistance. Explain spectral distribution of a blackbody radiation. Explain what you understand by the de Broglie wavelength of an electron. Will an electron at rest have an associated de Broglie wavelength ? Justify your answer. (2) The de Broglie wavelength associated with an electron and a proton aré same. What will be the ratio of (i) their momenta (ii) their kinetic energies ? Derive Mayer's relation between the molar specific heat of a gas at constant pressure and that at constant volume. Explain the production of beats and deduce analytically the expression for beat frequency. With neat labelled diagrams, explain the three lowest modes of vibration of the air column in a pipe closed at one end. What is a rectifier? With the help of a neat circuit diagram, explain the working of a half wave rectifier. Derive an expression for a pressure exerted by a gas on the basis of kinetic theory of gases. State the law of equipartition of energy and hence calculate the molar specific heat of mono- and diatomic gases at constant volume and constant pressure.15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. Explain Fraunhofer diffraction at a single slit with neat ray diagram. Obtain expression for width of the central bright fringe. Explain the production of beats and deduce analytically the expression for beats frequency. Define ideal simple pendulum and obtain an expression for its periodic time. Explain work done during a thermodynamic process. Two cells of emfs 4 V and 2 V having internal resistances 1 OHM and 2 OHM are connected in parallel so as to send currents in the same direction through a 5 OHM external resistance. Find the current through the external resistance. Explain spectral distribution of a blackbody radiation. Explain what you understand by the de Broglie wavelength of an electron. Will an electron at rest have an associated de Broglie wavelength ? Justify your answer. (2) The de Broglie wavelength associated with an electron and a proton are same. What will be the ratio of (i) their momenta (ii) their kinetic energies ? Derive Mayer's relation between the molar specific heat of a gas at constant pressure and that at constant volume. Explain the production of beats and deduce analytically the expression for beat frequency. With neat labelled diagrams, explain the three lowest modes of vibration of the air column in a pipe closed at one end. What is a rectifier? With the help of a neat circuit diagram, explain the working of a half wave rectifier. Derive an expression for a pressure exerted by a gas on the basis of kinetic theory of gases. State the law of equipartition of energy and hence calculate the molar specific heat of mono- and diatomic gases at constant volume and constant pressure.28. 29. 30. 31. 32. A sample of charcoal has a carbon-14 decay rate of 6.00 disintegrations per minute per gram. Determine the age of the sample. The decay rate of carbon-14 in fresh wood today is 13.6 counts per minute per gram, and the decay constant of carbon-14 is 3.84 * 104-12 per second. Derive the expressions for the distances of minima and maxima from the central bright fringe for the Fraunhofer diffractiondue to a single slit. Hence find the width of the central maximum and noncentral fringes. Briefly describe the construction of a simple ac generator. Obtain an expression for the emf induced in a coil rotating with a uniform angular velocity in a uniform magnetic field. Show graphically the variation of the emf with time (t).. In a photoelectric experiment, the photocurrent becomes zero with a retarding potential of 0.8 V when the wavelength of the incident radiation is 495 nm. Ifthe source of incident radiation is changed, the stopping potential is 1.2 V. Find (i) the work function of the cathode metal (ii) the wavelength of the second source. Find the ratio of the de Broglie wavelengths of an electron and a proton when both are moving with the (a) same speed, (b) same kinetic energy (c) same momentum. State which of the two will have the longer wavelength in each case.