Learn Accounts and Taxation Course Ad-free version Login

Class 10 → Chapter 6 Class 10 - Life Processes → Concepts

Human Digestive System

Last updated at Dec. 16, 2024 by Teachoo

Don't miss out - apply soon

Concepts
Want to study at a global top 100 university? Apply to the U of A before
March 1.
Introduction - Various life
processes around us
The various parts of human digestive system are:

What are life processes?

What Is Nutrition?

Autotrophic Nutrition

Heterotrophic Nutrition

Nutrition in Plants

ADVERTISEMENT
Nutrition in Animals

Nutrition in Amoeba and

Paramecium

Human Digestive
System You are here

Respiration

Difference Between
Aerobic and Anaerobic
Respiration

teachoo
Respiration in Plants
HUMANDIGESTIVESYSTEM
Respiration in Animals
Mouth
SalivaryGlands
Human Respiratory
System Esophagus

Transportation in Human Liver

Beings

Gall -Stomach
Transporation in Plants Bladder
Pancreas

Small
Lymphatic system
Intestine Large
Intestine
Human Excretory System Appendix Anus

Rectum
Excretion in Plants

3BR Villa for Sale in 3BR Townhouse for Sale in

Jumeirah Park Green Community
Excretion in Animals AED 7,000,000 AED 4,999,999
View View

1BR Apartment for Sale in 1BR Apartment for Sale in

NCERT International City Dubai Hills Estate
AED 480,000 AED 1,610,000
Questions →
View View

2BR Apartment for Sale in Dubai 2BR Apartment for Sale in

South (Dubai World Central) Al Furjan
Class 10
AED 1,650,000 AED 1,127,313
Chapter 6 Class 10 - Life View View

Processes

Concepts
The Digestion in Humans starts with the Ingestion of food. Ingestion means
NCERT Questions
‘taking in’ - food is taken in by the person, and it reaches the mouth.
Questions from
inside the book
Teachoo Questions
(1) Mouth:
Case Based
The mouth or buccal cavity contains teeth, tongue and salivary glands.
Questions (MCQ)
Teeth:
Assertion Reasoning
The teeth are used to chew the food and break it into smaller pieces so that it is
Questions (MCQ)
digested easily.
MCQs from NCERT
Tongue:
Exemplar
The tongue then moves the food around the mouth properly so as to mix food with
the saliva.

Salivary Glands:
The salivary glands secrete saliva .

It contains salivary amylase , an enzyme which helps in the chemical digestion

of starch.
-66%
Enzymes are biological substances that help in the progress of the reaction.

adidas JUNG (2) Oesophagus:

SLIPPERS
It is also known as the food pipe .
AED 22
From the mouth, the food is pushed into the food pipe (oesophagus) with the
Info

action of the tongue.

-44%
The walls of the oesophagus contract and expand to help the food move down

the pipe into the stomach. This expansion and contraction movement is called

Peristalsis.
adidas Tensaur Hook
and Loop Shoes

AED 99

Info
(3) Stomach:
Due to the peristaltic movements of oesophagus, the food enters the stomach where
a variety of juices act on it.

The food is churned in the stomach for about 3-4 hours where a semi-solid

paste is formed.

The stomach wall contains three tubular glands in it. The glands present in this

wall of stomach secrete gastric juices .

The gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid , enzyme pepsin and mucus .

Hydrochloric acid:
It kills any bacteria which may enter the stomach along with food.

Turns the gastric juice acidic in nature.

Pepsin:
The enzyme pepsin works in this acidic medium to digest the protein present

in the food to convert it into smaller molecules.

This protein digestion begins in the stomach.

Mucus:
Mucus helps protect the lining of the stomach from the acidic secretion of

HCl.

If mucus is not secreted the lining of the stomach will be degraded leading to

formation of ulcers.

(4) Small Intestine:

This partially digested food in the stomach now moves forward into the small
intestine .

The exit of food from the stomach is regulated by sphincter muscle which

releases it in small amounts into the small intestine.

The small intestine is the largest part of the alimentary canal. It is called the

small intestine because it is very narrow .

The small intestine receives secretions of two glands : liver and pancreas.

Liver :
The liver secretes bile juice which is normally stored in the gallbladder and is a

greenish yellow liquid .

Bile performs two functions :

It provides an alkaline medium for the acidic food coming from the stomach for

the pancreatic enzymes to act on it

Bile salts break down the fats present in food into smaller globules making it

easy for the pancreatic enzymes to act and digest them.

Pancreas :
Pancreas secrete pancreatic juices which contain digestive enzymes like

pancreatic amylase, trypsin and lipase.

The enzyme amylase breaks down starch

The enzyme trypsin digests proteins

The enzyme lipase breaks down emulsified fats .

The enzymes present in the intestinal juice complete the digestion of complex

carbohydrates into glucose , proteins into amino acids and fats into fatty

acids and glycerol .

After digestion the molecules of food become very small and can then be

absorbed by the walls of the small intestine and move further into our blood.

The small intestine is the region for absorption of digested food because of the

presence of villi .

Villi are small fingerlike projections which increase the surface area of the

small intestine thereby increasing the rate of absorption.

From the bloodstream, the digested food reaches all parts of the body where it

becomes assimilated as part of cells.

The digested food which is not used by our body immediately is stored in the form

of a carbohydrate called glycogen in our liver.

(5) Large Intestine:

The undigested food passes from the small intestine into a wider tube called the
large intestine.

Here, most of the water gets absorbed from the undigested food and thus the

leftover part becomes almost solid. The solid waste is excreted through the

anus as faeces or stool.

The exit of the waste is called egestion or defecation. It is controlled by the anal

sphincter.

Dental Caries:
Dental Caries or tooth decay is the damage that occurs to teeth which can

potentially result in cavities, dental abscesses or even tooth loss .

This begins as a result of plaque deposition on teeth. Plaque is a sticky deposit

on teeth in which bacterial growth happens fast.

This bacterial multiplication can convert the sugars in our food to acid.

Enamel is the outermost, hard, white layer of a tooth

This acid may cause enamel deterioration.

Next: Respiration → Go Ad-free

Class 10 → Chapter 6 Class 10 - Life Processes →

Concepts

Introduction - Various

life processes around

us

What are life

processes?

What Is Nutrition?

Autotrophic Nutrition

Heterotrophic Nutrition

Nutrition in Plants

Nutrition in Animals

Nutrition in Amoeba

and Paramecium

Human Digestive

System

You are here

Respiration

Difference Between

Aerobic and Anaerobic

Respiration

Respiration in Plants

Respiration in Animals

Human Respiratory

System

Transportation in

Human Beings

Transporation in

Plants

Lymphatic system

Human Excretory

System

Excretion in Plants

Excretion in Animals

NCERT

Questions →

Made by

Maninder Singh
CA Maninder Singh is a Chartered Accountant for the
past 14 years and a teacher from the past 18 years.
He teaches Science, Economics, Accounting and
English at Teachoo

Learn Maths, Science, GST and Finance at Teachoo

Important Maths - Useful links Interesting

Accounts and Taxation Class 6 Maths NCERT Learn English

Course Solutions Learn Excel

Teachoo Ad free version Class 7 Maths NCERT Learn Tally

Solutions
Skillistan Learn GST (Goods and
Class 8 Maths NCERT
Schoolistan Services Tax)
Solutions
GST Simulation Portal
Class 9 Maths NCERT
Other Useful Links
Solutions
Sample Paper Solutions Englishtan
Class 10 Maths NCERT
Class 10 Maths NCERT Books
Solutions
Class 10 Science Class 10 Maths - Basic
Class 11 Maths NCERT
vs Standard
Class 10 English Solutions
CBSE Sample Papers
Class 10 Social Science Class 12 Maths NCERT

Class 12 Maths Solutions

Class 12 English

Science - Useful Links

Class 6 Science NCERT

Solutions

Class 7 Science NCERT

Solutions

Class 8 Science NCERT

Solutions

Class 9 Science NCERT

Solutions

Class 10 Science

NCERT Solutions

About us Contact us Terms of Service Privacy Policy Refund Policy

Made with lots of love and caffeine

© 2025, Teachoo. All rights reserved.