1

1 The diagram below shows some cells from the lining of the trachea.

mucus
cilia

cell membrane

nucleus

goblet cell

Describe the functions of the nucleus and cell membrane.

nucleus Carried genetics information, determine the kind of proteins that are made
................................................................................................................................... in the cell
..................................................................................................................................................

cell membrane Control what goes in and out of the cell, separates the contents of the
........................................................................................................................ cell from
it's environment
..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 4]

2 Protease and cellulase are two enzymes secreted by soil microorganisms. Protease digests protein.

Suggest what part of the dead leaf cells are digested by the enzyme cellulase.

Nucleus
.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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3 The diagram below shows an animal cell and a plant cell as seen with a light microscope.

animal cell plant cell

The table below shows some structural features of the animal cell and the plant cell in the diagram
above.

Complete the table by

• finishing the row for nucleus

• adding three structural features, visible in the diagram, and indicating whether they are present
(✓) or absent (✗) in the animal cell and in the plant cell.

structural feature animal cell plant cell

cell wall ✗ ✓

nucleus

[4]

[Total: 4]
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4 The diagram below shows a cell from a leaf .

Use the letters from the diagram to complete the table below.

Write one letter only in each box to identify the function. You may use each letter once, more than
once or not at all.

letter from
function
diagram

controls movement of substances into and out of the cell

exerts a pressure to help maintain the shape of the cell

produces sugars using light as a source of energy

withstands the internal pressure of the cell

controls all the activities of the cell

[5]

[Total: 5]
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5 A biologist made a slide of some epidermal cells from a scale leaf of an onion bulb.

The diagram below is a drawing that the biologist made of one of the cells.

D
A

Fig. 4.1

The table below shows the functions of the structures within a plant cell.

Complete the table by:

naming the part of the cell that carries out each function

using the letters from the diagram to identify the part of the cell named.

function letter from diagram name

resists the turgor pressure of the cell

controls the activities of the cell

site of the chemical reactions of the cell including

[3]

[Total: 3]
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6 The shaded area of the diagram represents structures found in both plant and animal cells.

plant animal
cell cell
structures structures

Which cell structure is from the shaded area?

A cell membrane
B cell wall
C chloroplast
D large vacuole
[1]

[Total: 1]

7 Which structures are present in large numbers in cells with high rates of metabolism?

A chromosomes
B mitochondria
C ribosomes
D vacuoles
[1]

[Total: 1]

8 State two features of the cells of all living organisms.

1 ...............................................................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]
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9 The diagram is a photomicrograph of part of the upper surface of a broad bean leaf, Vicia faba.

On the photomicrograph, identify and label two structures that are visible in cell P. [2]

[Total: 2]

10 The diagram is a drawing of a bacterial cell.

State three ways in which a plant cell is similar to the bacterial cell shown in the diagram.

1 ...............................................................................................................................................

2 ...............................................................................................................................................

3 ............................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 3]
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11 Bacteria are classified in the Prokaryote kingdom.

State two features of animal cells that are not found in bacteria.

1 ...............................................................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]

12 The photograph shows some cells from the shoot tip of an onion, Allium cepa.

State the evidence visible in the photograph that identifies the cells of A. cepa as plant cells.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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13 The photomicrograph is of part of a cell from the pancreas that produces enzymes that are released
into the small intestine.

State the names of the structures labelled P and R in the diagram.

P ...............................................................................................................................................

R .............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

14 Cells are adapted to their function, and may be arranged into tissues.

Define the term tissue.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

15
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(a) The diagrams below show three types of cell found in the female reproductive system.

Draw one straight line to join each diagram to the correct type of cell.

[3]

(b) Cell B is found on the insides of the oviducts. This type of cell is also found on the insides of
the air passages leading to the lungs.

(i) Describe the function of these cells in the air passages leading to the lungs.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [2]

(ii) Suggest why these cells are present in the oviducts.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [1]

[Total: 6]
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16 Which description of xylem is correct?

A a cell used for absorption

[Total: 1]

17 Some plants can be grown in water using the technique of hydroponics. The roots are in water and
supplied with the ions that they need at the concentrations that support maximum growth. Some
ions can be absorbed both by diffusion and by active transport.

Explain how roots are adapted to absorb ions.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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18 Sperm and egg cells are specialised cells that are adapted for reproduction.

The boxes on the left show some specialised cells.

The boxes on the right show the functions of some specialised cells.

Draw four lines to link each specialised cell with its function.

One has been done for you.

[4]

[Total: 4]