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11. SFEE

The document discusses the concept of flow work in thermodynamics, which is essential for maintaining continuous flow in open systems. It explains the steady flow energy equation, highlighting the relationship between energy entering and leaving a control volume. The document also lists steady flow devices such as nozzles, diffusers, and turbines.

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2 views

11. SFEE

The document discusses the concept of flow work in thermodynamics, which is essential for maintaining continuous flow in open systems. It explains the steady flow energy equation, highlighting the relationship between energy entering and leaving a control volume. The document also lists steady flow devices such as nozzles, diffusers, and turbines.

Uploaded by

rajjkapoorkapoor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THERMODYNAMICS

Steady flow energy equation

SEPTEMBER 12, 2020


MANOJ KUMAR
GCE, Gaya
Flow work
It is the work transfer involved in causing the fluid element either to enter or
leave the control volume is known as flow work (flow energy).
Flow can’t happen by itself. It must be pushed inside a system. Flow Work is
needed to push the fluid into or out of the boundaries of a control volume if
mass flow is involved.
Flow work is necessary for maintaining a continuous flow through a control
volume.
This generally refers to an open system where fluid can enter and leave the
system.
Thus, for a closed system, the flow work is 0 (zero).

Consider a fluid element of length ‘L’, pressure ‘P’, mass ‘dm’ and cross-
sectional area dA.
dV = dA×L

v = dV/dm

Force (F) = P×dA


Flow work = PdA×L
= PdV
Flow work/mass = PdV/dm

Flow work/mass =Pv


If the entry occurs at 1 then entry flow work is equal to –P1V1. If the exit occurs
at 2 then the exit flow work is equal to +P2V2.
Steady flow energy equation:
A flow is said to be a steady flow if fluid property does not vary w.r.t. time in
any given section. For steady flow there should not be accumulation of mass
and energy in control volume.

Wnet = Wentry flow + Wcv + Wexit flow


Eentering = Eleaving
½ mC12 + mgZ1 + U1 + Q = ½ mC22 +mgZ2 + U2 + W
½ mC12 + mgZ1 + U1 + Q = ½ mC22 +mgZ2 + U2 – P1V1 +Wcv + P2V2
½ mC12 + mgZ1 + U1 + P1V1 + Q = ½ mC22 +mgZ2 + U2 + P2V2 + Wcv
H1 + ½ mC12 + mgZ1 + Q = H2 +½ mC22 +mgZ2 + Wcv
Divided by m in both sides,

h1 + ½ C12 + gZ1 + q = h2 +½ C22 +gZ2 + wcv

This is known as Ist law of thermodynamics under steady flow condition.


Steady flow devices: nozzle, diffuser, Boiler, Heat exchanger, Turbine etc.

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