E tech

CURRENT ELEC., MC&M, M&M

Class 12 - Physics
Time Allowed: 2 hours Maximum Marks: 45

Section A
1. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]
According to Ohm's law, the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential
difference across the ends of the conductor i.e., I ∝ = R, where R is resistance of the conductor.
V
V ⇒
I

Electrical resistance of a conductor is the obstruction posed by the conductor to the flow of electric current
through it. It depends upon length, area of cross-section, nature of material and temperature of the conductor. We
can write, R ∝ l

A
or R = ρ l

A
, where ρ is electrical resistivity of the material of the conductor.
(a) Dimensions of electric resistance is

a) [M-1L-2 T-1A] b) [M-1L2T2A-1]

c) [ML2T-2A-2] d) [ML2T-3A-2]

(b) If 1 μ A current flows through a conductor when potential difference of 2 volt is applied across its ends,
then the resistance of the conductor is

a) 5 × 107 Ω b) 1.5 × 105 Ω

c) 2 × 106 Ω d) 3 × 105 Ω

(c) Specific resistance of a wire depends upon

a) mass b) none of these

c) cross-sectional area d) length

(d) The slope of the graph between potential difference and current through a conductor is

a) first straight line then curve b) curve

c) a straight line d) first curve then straight line

(e) The resistivity of the material of a wire 1.0 m long, 0.4 mm in diameter and having a resistance of 2.0 ohm
is

a) 7.12 × 10-5 Ω m b) 1.57 × 10-6 Ω m

c) 2.55 × 10-7 Ω m d) 5.25 × 10-7 Ω m

2. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [5]

The path of a charged particle in magnetic field depends upon angle between velocity and magnetic field. If
velocity v ⃗ is at angle θ to B⃗ , component of velocity parallel to magnetic field (v cos θ ) remains constant and
component of velocity perpendicular to magnetic field (v sin θ ) is responsible for circular motion, thus the
charge particle moves in a helical path.

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 The plane of the circle is perpendicular to the magnetic field and the axis of the helix is parallel to the magnetic
field. The charged particle moves along helical path touching the line parallel to the magnetic field passing
through the starting point after each rotation.
Radius of circular path is r =
mv sin θ

qB

Hence the resultant path of the charged particle will be a helix, with its axis along the direction of B⃗ as shown in
figure.
(a) What will be the trajectory of a positively charged particle if it enters into a uniform magnetic field with
uniform velocity at right angle to the magnetic field?
(b) Two charged particles A and B having the same charge, mass and speed enter into a magnetic field in such

a way that the initial path of A makes an angle of 30o and that of B makes an angle of 90o with the field.
Find the ratio of radii of circular path covered by particles A and B?
(c) An electron having momentum 2.4 × 10-23 kg m/s enters a region of uniform magnetic field of 0.15 T.

The field vector makes an angle of 30o with the initial velocity vector of the electron. What will be the
radius of the helical path of the electron in the field ?

(d) The magnetic field in a certain region of space is giver by B = 8.35 × 10-2 ^i T. A proton is shot into the
field with velocity v ⃗ = (2 × 10
5^
i + 4 × 10
5^
j) m/s. The proton follows a helical path in the field. What
will be the distance moved by proton in the x-direction during the period of one revolution in the yz-
plane? (Mass of proton = 1.67 × 10-27 kg)

(e) Write the expression for frequency of revolution of the particle.

Section B
3. Nichrome or manganin is widely used in wire-bound standard resistors because of their: [1]

a) very weakly temperature-dependent b) temperature independent resistivity

resistivity

c) mechanical strength d) strong dependence of resistivity with

temperature
4. A micro-ammeter has a resistance of 100Ω and a full scale range of 50 μ A. It can be used as a higher range [1]
ammeter or voltmeter provided resistance is added to it. Pick the correct range and resistance combinations.

a) 5 mA range with 1Ω resistance in parallel. b) 10 mA range with 1Ω resistance in parallel.

c) 50 V range and 10 kΩ resistance in series. d) 10 V range and 200 kΩ resistance in series.

5. A thin ring of radius R metre has charge q coulomb uniformly spread on it. The ring rotates about its axis with a [1]
constant frequency of f revolutions/s. The value of magnetic induction in Wb/m2 at the centre of the ring is:
μ qf μ qf
a) 0
b) 0

2R 2πR

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 μ0 q μ0 q
c) 2πfR
d) 2fR

6. A bar magnet of length 3 cm has points A and B along its axis at distances of 24 cm and 48 cm on the opposite [1]
sides. Ratio of magnetic fields at these points will be

a) b) 4
1

2√2

c) 3 d) 8
Section C
7. Assertion (A): The algebraic sum of currents meeting at the junction in a closed circuit is zero. [1]
Reason (R): Kirchoff's first law does not obey the law of conservation of charge.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

8. Assertion (A): The torque on the coil is maximum when the coil is suspended in a radial magnetic field. [1]
Reason (R): The torque tends to rotate the coil about its own axis.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

9. Assertion (A): The basic difference between magnetic lines of force and electric lines of force is electric lines of [1]
force are discontinuous and magnetic lines of force are continuous.
Reason (R): Magnetic lines of force exist in a magnet but no electric lines of force exist in a charged body.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section D
10. What is the balanced equation of the following Wheatstone bridge? [1]

11. An electric current of 0.25 A flows in a loop of radius 0.2 cm. Calculate the magnitude of the magnetic dipole [1]
moment of the dipole formed.

12. A magnetic dipole of length 15 cm has a dipole moment of 1.5 Am2. What is the pole strength? [1]

13. A nichrome heating element connected to a 220 V supply draws an initial current of 2.2 A which settles down [2]
after a few seconds to a steady value of 2.0 A. Find the steady temperature of the heating element. The room

temperature is 30°C and the average temperature coefficient of resistance of nichrome is 1.7 × 10-4 per°C.
14. a. A point charge q moving with speed v v enters a uniform magnetic field B that is acting into the plane of the [2]
paper as shown. What is the path followed by the charge q and in which plane does it move?

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 b. How does the path followed by the charge get affected if its velocity has a component parallel to B?
c. If an electric E⃗ is also applied such that the particle continues moving along the original straight line path,
what would be the magnitude and direction of the electric field E⃗ ?
15. Explain the following: [2]
i. Why do magnetic lines of force form continuous closed loops?
ii. Why are the field lines repelled (expelled) when a diamagnetic material is placed in an external uniform
magnetic field?
16. An ammeter of resistance 0.80Ω can measure current up to 1.0 A. [3]
i. What must be the value of shunt resistance to enable the ammeter to measure current up to 5.0 A?
ii. What is the combined resistance of the ammeter and the shunt?
o [3]
17. An electron moves around the nucleus in a hydrogen atom of radius 0.51 A, with a velocity of 2 × 106 m/s.
Calculate the following:
i. the equivalent current due to orbital motion of electron
ii. the magnetic field produced at the centre of the nucleus
iii. the magnetic moment associated with the electron.
18. How will a dia-, para- and a ferromagnetic material behave when kept in a non-uniform external magnetic field? [3]
Give two examples of each of these materials. Name two main characteristics of a ferromagnetic material which
help us to decide its suitability for making
i. a permanent magnet
ii. an electromagnet. Which of these two characteristics should have high or low values for each of these two
types of magnets?

19. a. Consider circuit in Fig. How much energy is absorbed by electrons from the initial state of no current (ignore [5]
thermal motion) to the state of drift velocity?

b. Electrons give up energy at the rate of RI2 per second to the thermal energy. What time scale would one
associate with energy in problem (a)?

n = no. of electron/volume = 1029/m3, length of circuit = 10 cm, cross-section = A = (1mm)2

20. i. Draw a diagram to show the magnetic field lines produced by two parallel straight wires carrying currents in [5]
the same direction. Obtain an expression for the force per unit length between these wires and hence define
SI unit of current.
ii. The figure shows a circular loop connected to a battery. The arc ACB of length l1 carries a current I1 and arc

ADB of length l2 carries a current I2. Show that the net magnetic field at the centre of the loop is zero.

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