ATOMIC STRUCTURE

RUTHERFORD MODEL:

1. Watermelon model of atom was proposed by

A) Rutherford B) Thomson C) Bohr D) Sommerfeld

2. The element used by Rutherford in his famous scattering experiment was

A) tin B) gold C) lead D) silver

3. Rutherford’s experiment, which established the nuclear model of the atom, used a beam of

A)  − particles, which impinged on a metal foil and got absorbed

B)  − rays, which impinged on a metal foil and ejected electrons

C) helium atoms, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered

D) helium nucleus, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered

4. Rutherford’s experiment on scattering of particles showed for the first time that the atom has

A) Electrons B) Protons C) Nucleus D) Neutrons

5. According to classical theory, the proposed circular path of an electron in Rutherford atomic
model will be

A) Circular B) Straight line C) Parabolic D) Spiral

6.  - particles are projected towards the following metals with the same kinetic energy. Towards
which metal, the distance of closest approach is minimum?

A) Cu ( Z = 29 ) B) Ag ( Z = 47 ) C) Au ( Z = 79 ) D) Ca ( Z = 20 )

7.  -particles of 6 MeV energy is scattered back from a silver foil. Calculate the maximum volume
in which the entire charge of the atom is supposed to be concentrated?

[Z for silver = 47]

A) 3.6  10−28 m3 B) 5.97  10−42 m3 C) 6.55  10−71 m3 D) 48  10−42 m3

8. An  - particle of momentum p is bombarded on the nucleus, the distance of the closest

approach is r, if the momentum of  -particle is made to 6p, then the distance of the closest
approach becomes

r
A) 4r B) 2r C) 16r D)
36
−15
9. The approximate radius of a H-atom is 0.05 nm, and that of proton is 1.5 10 m. Assuming
both the hydrogen atom and the proton to be spherical, calculate fraction of the space in an atom
of hydrogen that is occupied by the nucleus.
 (A) 2.7  10−14 (B) 2.7  10−10 (C) 5  10−14 (D) 2  10−16
10. What is the energy in joule of a photon of light with wavelength 4  103 nm
(A) 7.5  10−20 (B) 5  10−20 (C) 2  10−10 (D) 2.5  10−10
11. What is the energy of photons that corresponds to a wave number of 3.33 10−5 cm−1 .
(A) 2.5 10−20 erg (B) 5.110−23 erg
(C) 5.0 10−22 erg (D) 6.62 10−21erg
12. The wave number for light with a wavelength of 2.0 1010 cm is
(A) 5 11−11cm−1 (B) 5 10−11cm−1 (C) 5  10−12 cm−1 (D) 5 1012 cm−1
13. The MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) body scanners used in hospitals operate with 400 MHz
radio frequency. The wavelength corresponding to this radio frequency is

A) 0.75 m B) 0.75 cm C) 1.5 m D) 2 cm

14. The value of Planck’s constant is 6.63  10−34 Js. The velocity of light is 3  108 m /sec.
Which value is closest to the wavelength of a quantum of light with frequency of
8  1015 sec −1 ?

A) 5  10−18 m B) 4  10−8 m C) 3  107 m D) 2  10−25 m

15. Photon of which light has maximum velocity?

A) red B) blue C) violet D) same for all

16. Planck’s constant has the same dimensions as that of

A) Power B) Work C) radiant energy D) angular momentu

17. A quanta will have more energy if

A) The wavelength is larger B) The frequency is higher

C) The amplitude is higher D) The velocity is lower

18. The energy of electromagnetic radiation depends on

A) Amplitude and wavelength B) Wavelength

C) Amplitude D) Temperature of medium through which it passes

19. Electromagnetic radiation with maximum wavelength is

A) ultra-violet B) radio wave C) X-rays D) Infrared

20. A bulb of 40 W is producing a light of wavelength 620 nm with 80 % of efficiency then the
number of photons emitted by the bulb in 20 seconds are (1eV = 1.6 × 10−19 J, hc = 12400 eV Å)

A) 2  1018 B) 1018 C) 1021 D) 2  1021

21. The energy of a photon is given as E /atom = 3.03  10−19 J/atom . Then the
wavelength (  ) of the photon is
A) 65.6 nm B) 656 nm C) 0.656 nm D) 6.56 nm

22. The number of photons of light having wave number x in 1 J of energy source is

x 1
A) hcx B) hc/x C) D)
hc hcx

23. A photon of 300 nm is absorbed by a gas and then emits two photons. One photon has a
wavelength 496 nm then the wavelength of second photon in nm is

A) 759 B) 859 C) 959 D) 659

Multiple Correct Option Type :

24. When alpha particles are sent towards a thin metal foil, most of them go straight through the foil
because

A) alpha particles are much heavier than electrons

B) alpha particles are positively charged

C) most part of the atom is empty space

D) alpha particles move with high speed

Integer Type :

25. % of -particles which are sent back in the direction of projection of -particles in
Rutherford’s experiment is 5  10− x , value of ‘x’ is

KEY
1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. D
7. D 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. B 13.
14. B 15. D 16. D 17. B 18. B 19. B
20. D 21. B
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT

hc
12. Light of wavelength  falls on metal having work function . Photoelectric effect will take
0
place only if
(A)    0 (B)   2  0 (C)    0 (D) both (A) and (B)


13. If 0 is the threshold wavelength for photoelectric emission,  the wavelength of light falling
on the surface of a metal and m the mass of the electron, then the velocity of ejected electron is
given by
12 12
 2h
12 12
 2hc   0 -     2h  1 1  
(A)  (  0 -  )   2hc
(B)  (  0 -  )  (C)    (D)   - 
 m   m   m  0    m  0  
14. Photon having wavelength 310 nm is used to break the bond of A 2 molecule having bond
energy 288 kJ mol−1 then % of energy of photon converted to the kinetic energy is
(A) 25 (B) 50 (C) 75 (D) 80
15. A certain metal when irradiated by light (  = 3.2  1016 Hz ) emits photoelectrons with twice
kinetic energy as did photo electrons when the same metal is irradiated by light
(  = 2.0 1016 Hz ) . The v 0 of metal is
(A)1.2  1014 Hz (B) 8  1015 Hz (C) 1.2  1016 Hz (D) 4  1012 Hz
16. Threshold frequency of a metal is  0 . When light of frequency  = 2 0 is incident on the
metal plate, maximum kinetic energy of e- emitted is v1 . When frequency of incident radiation
v1
is 5 0 , maximum kinetic energy of emitted e- is v 2 . Find ratio of
v2
(A) 1:4 (B) 1:2 (C) 2:1 (D) 4:1
17. The photoelectric work function for a metal surface is 4.125 eV. The cut of wavelength for this
surface is
(A) 4125 A (B) 2062 A (C) 3011A (D) 6000 A
18. The ejection of the photoelectron from the silver metal in the photoelectric effect experiment
can be stopped by applying a voltage of 0.35 V when the radiation 256.7 nm is used. Calculate
the work function for silver metal.
(A) 3.21 eV (B) 0.35 eV (C) 4.48 eV (D) 5.62 eV
Multiple Correct Option Type:
19. A sodium street light gives off yellow light that has a wavelength of 600 nm. Then
12375 eV
(For energy of a photon take E = )
 (Å)
14 –1
(A) frequency of this light is 7× 10 s
14 –1
(B) frequency of this light is 5× 10 s
6 –1
(C) wave number of the light is 3 × 10 m
(D) energy of the photon is approximately 2.07 eV
20. Which of the following statement is (are) true in the context of photoelectric effect?
(A) The kinetic energy of ejected electrons is independent of the photon intensity of radiation.
(B) The threshold frequency is same for all metals.
(C) The number of photoelectrons ejected depends on the frequency of the incident radiation
(D) The kinetic energy of the emitted electrons depends on the frequency of the incident
radiation
21. When light is directed at the metal surface, the emitted electrons
(A) are called photons
(B) have energies that depend upon the frequency of light
(C) have energies that depend upon the intensity of light
(D) have energies less than the energy of incident photons

Comprehension Type:

The emission of electrons from a metal surface when exposed to light radiation of appropriate
wavelength is called photoelectric effect. The emitted electrons are called photo
electrons. Work function or threshold energy may be defined as the minimum amount of
energy required to eject electrons from a metal surface According to Einstein, Maximum kinetic
energy of ejected electron = Absorbed energy – Work function Stopping potential: It is the
 minimum potential at which the photoelectric current becomes zero. If V0 is the stopping
potential then eV0 = h (  − 0 )

22. In the photoelectric effect, the slope of straight line graph between stopping potential ( V0 ) and
frequency of incident light (  ) gives

V0


(A) charge on electron (B) work function of emitter
(C) Planck’s constant (D) ratio of Planck’s constant to charge on
electron

23. The stopping potential as function of frequency is plotted for two photoelectric surface A and B.
The graph show that the work function of A is
AB

V0

V
(A) Greater than that of B (B) Smaller than that of B
(C) Same as that of B (D) Such that no comparison can be done
from give graphs

24. Which graph is correct?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

Integer Type
25. A radiation of wavelength  illuminates a metal and ejects photoelectrons of maximum kinetic

energy of 1eV. Another radiation of wave length , ejects photoelectrons of maximum kinetic energy
3
−1
of 4eV. What will be the work function of metal in terms of a  10 eV, where ‘a’ is
Key

12. C 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C 18.

C 19. BD 20. AD 21. BD 22. D 23. B 24.
C 25. 5

BOHRS THEORY

1. In the atomic spectrum of hydrogen the series of lines observed in the visible region is
(A) Balmer series (B) Paschen series (C) Brackett series (D) Lyman series
2. Transition from n2 = 4,5,6 to n1 = 3 in hydrogen spectrum gives
(A) Lyman series (B) Paschen series (C) Balmer series (D) Pfund series
3. Of the following transitions in hydrogen atom the one which gives an absorption line of
lowest frequency is
(A) n=1 to n=2. (B) n=3 to n=8 (C) n=2 to n=1 (D) n=8 to n=3
4. The frequency of fist line of Balmer series in hydrogen atom is  0 . The frequency of
corresponding line emitted by singly ionized helium atom is
(A) 2  0 (B) 4  0 (C)  0 /2 (D)  0 /4
5. Among the first lines of Lyman, Balmer, Paschen and Brackett series in hydrogen spectra
which has higher energy
(A) Lyman (B) Balmer (C) Paschen (D) Brckett
6. The first emission line of hydrogen atomic spectrum in the Balmer series appears at
(R=Rydberg Constant)
5R 3R 7R 9R
(A) cm−1 (B) cm−1 (C) cm−1 (D) cm−1
36 4 144 400
7. If the series limit of wavelength of the Lyman series for the hydrogen atom is 912A0 then
the series limit of wavelength for the Balmer series of the hydrogen atom is
(A) 912A0 (B) 912  2A0 (C) 912  4A0 (D) 912/2A0
8. Transition of an electron from n = 3 to n = 1 level results in
(A) emission spectrum (B) band spectrum
(C) absorption spectrum (D) X-ray spectrum.
9. Different lines in Lyman series of hydrogen spectrum lie in
(A) Ultraviolet (B) Infrared (C) Visible (D) Far infrared
10. Brackett series of hydrogen spectra lies in
(A) Infrared region (B) Visible region
(C) U. V. region (D) x-ray region
11. The wave number of infinity line in Lyman series of hydrogen spectrum is
3R 9R R
(A) (B) R (C) (D)
9 3 2
12. The longest wavelength in Balamer series is
(A) 6563A0 (B) 18650A0 (C) 7700A0 (D) 3600A0
13. An emission spectrum contains………………lines over the ………..background.
(A) Bright, dark (B) Bright, bright (C) Dark, bright (D) Dark, dark
14. The spectrum of an atom is known as
(A) Band spectrum (B) Emission spectrum
 (C) Line spectrum (D) Molecular spectrum
15. Which of the following transition corresponds to 3rd line in visible region
(A) n=3 to n=2 (B) n=4 to n=2 (C) n=5 to n=2 (D) n=6 to n=3
16. The  for H  line of Balmer series is 6500A Thus  for H line of Balmer series is
0

(A) 4814A0 (B) 4914A0 (C) 5014A0 (D) 4714A0

17. The shortest  for the Lyman series is

(A) 912A0 (B) 700A0 (C) 600A0 (D) 811A0

Comprehension - I

If Hydrogen gas enclosed in a sealed tube is heated to high-temperature, it emits radiation, if

this radiation is passed through a prism, components of different wavelengths are deviated by
different amounts and thus we get the Hydrogen-spectrum. The most striking feature in this
spectrum is that is only some sharply defined, discrete wavelengths exist in the emitted
radiations. A hydrogen sample also emits radiations with wavelengths less than those in
visible range and also with wavelength larger than those in visible range. We get that x lines
may be grouped in separate series i.e., Lyman, Balmer, Paschen, Brackett, Pfund.

Lyman Balmer Paschen Brackett Pfund

A) Balmer’s Law. The actual development of the spectroscopy started in 1885 when J.J.
Balmer found that the wave-length of the hydrogen lines could be represented by the formula:
 n2 
 = B 2 2 
n −2 
where B is a constant, n is an integer with variable values 3,4,5,..... etc.
18. In which of the following transition energy change is minimum
(A) 1 → 2 (B) 2 → 3 (C) 4 → 5 (D) 3 → 4
19. What is the wavelength of radiation emitted when the e –s in a hydrogen atom jumps from n =
 to n=5
(A) 6463 nm (B) 2283 nm (C) 3650 nm (D) 8265 nm
20. Difference of wavelength of extreme lines for Lyman Series is
1 5 3 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3R 36R 4R R
Key

1. A 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. C
8. A 9. A 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. C
15. C 16. A 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A
HYDROGEN SPECTRUM
Single option correct type:

1. Number of visible lines when an electron returns from 5th orbit to the ground state in H
spectrum

A) 5 B) 4 C) 3 D) 10

2. In a sample of H-atoms electrons make transition from 5th excited state to the ground state,
producing all possible types of photons, then number of lines in infrared region are

A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 3

3. A hypothetical atom gives a red, green, blue and violet line spectrum. Which jump according
to figure would give off the red spectral line?

A) 3 ⎯⎯→ 1 B) 2 ⎯⎯→ 1 C) 4 ⎯⎯→ 1 D) 3 ⎯⎯→ 2

st
4. The difference between the wave number of 1 line of Balmer series and last line of Paschen
2+
series for Li ion is

R 5R R
A) B) C) 4R D)
36 36 4

5. The wave number of electromagnetic radiation emitted during the transition of electron in
2+
between two levels of Li ion having sum of the principal quantum numbers as 4 and
difference as 2, will be (R H = Rydberg constant)

8
A) 3.5 RH B) 4 RH C) 8 RH D) RH
9

6. Let 1 be the frequency of the series limit of the Lyman series, 2 be the frequency of the
first line of the Lyman series and  3 be the frequency of the series limit of the Balmer series

A) 1 - 2 =  3 B) 2 -1 =  3 C)  1 - 2 = 2 3 D)  1 + 2 =  3

7. In a sample of H-atoms, electrons de-excite from a level ‘n’ to 1. Two of those lines belong to
Balmer series. If the electrons are separated from the level ‘n’ by using photons of energy 13
eV, then the kinetic energy of the ejected photo electrons will be

A) 12.15 eV B) 11.49 eV C) 12.46 eV D) 12.63 eV

8. In Balmer series of lines of hydrogen spectrum, the first line from the red end corresponds to
which one of the following inter-orbit jumps of the electron for Bohr orbits in an atom of hydrogen?
 A) 5 ⎯⎯→ 2 B) 4 ⎯⎯→ 1 C) 2 ⎯⎯→ 5 D) 3 ⎯⎯→ 2

9. Photons of equal energy were incident on two different gas samples. One sample contains
H-atoms in the ground state and the other sample contains H-atoms in some excited state
with a principal quantum number ‘n’. The photonic beams totally ionize the H-atoms. If the
difference in the kinetic energy of the ejected electrons in the two different cases is 12.75
eV, then find the principal quantum number ‘n’ of the excited state.

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

10. Last line of Lyman series for H–atom has wavelength 1 Å, 2 n d line of Balmer
series has wavelength  2 Å then

16 9 16 3 4 1 16 3
A) = B) = C) = D) =
1 2  2 1 1  2 1  2

11. Bohr’s model can explain

A) the spectrum of hydrogen atom only

B)spectrum of atom or ion containing one electron only

C) the spectrum of hydrogen molecule

D) the solar spectrum.

12. The potential energy of the electron present in the ground state of Be 3+ ion is
represented by:
e2 e e2 e2
A) + B) - C) − D) −
 ∈0 r  ∈0 r  ∈0 r2  ∈0 r

2+
13. The kinetic energy of the electron present in the ground state of Li ion is represented by

3e2 3e2 3e2 3e2

A) B) − C) D) -
8 ∈0 r 8  ∈0 r 4 ∈0 r 4 ∈0 r

14. The angular momentum of an electron in a given orbit is J, Its kinetic energy will be

1 J2 Jv J2 J2
A) B) C) D)
2 mr 2 r 2m 2

15. If each hydrogen atom is excited by giving 8.4eV of energy then the number of spectral lines
emitted is equal to

A) zero B) Two C) Three D) Four

16. Which is the correct relationship

1 1 1
A) E1 of H = E2 of He+ = E3 of Li2+ = E4 of Be3+
2 3 4
 B) E1 ( H) = E2 ( He+ ) = E3 ( Li2+ ) = E4 (Be3+ )

C) E1 ( H) = 2E2 ( He+ ) = 3E3 ( Li2+ ) = 4E4 ( Be3+ )

D) E1 ( H) = 4E2 ( He+ ) = 9E3 ( Li2+ ) = 16E4 ( Be3+ )

17. In Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom the ratio between the period of revolution of an
electron in the orbit of n = 1 to the period of the revolution of the electron in the orbit n = 2
is

A) 1 : 2 B) 2 : 1 C) 1 : 4 D) 1 : 8

Multiple Correct Option Type :

rd
18. If there are only two H-atoms, each is in 3 excited state then

A) Maximum number of different photons emitted is 4

B) Maximum number of different photons emitted is 3

C) Minimum number of different photons emitted is 1

D) Minimum number of different photons emitted is 2

19. Which of the following transitions are allowed in the normal electronic emission
spectrum of an atom?

A) 2s → 1s B) 2p → 1s C)
3d → 2p D) 5d → 2s

20. 1st excitation potential for the H-like (hypothetical) sample is 24 V. Then

A) Ionisation energy of the sample is 36eV

B) Ionisation energy of the sample is 32eV

C) Binding energy of 3rd excited state is 2eV

D) 2nd excitation potential of the sample is 2V

Integer Type :

21. The number of revolutions per sec made by an electron in 2nd orbit is 8 times of the number
of revolution/sec made by electron in n th orbit. The value of n is?

22. What is the maximum number of emission lines when the excited electron of a H-atom in n =
4 drops to the ground state?
23. Ionization energy of H-atom in the ground state is 25 times the separation energy when it is
in nth state. What is value of n?

24. A transition for H atom from 2nd orbit to 1st orbit has same wavelength as from nth orbit to
2nd orbit for He+ ion. The value of n is
0
25. A Bohr orbit in a hydrogen atom has a radius of 13.225 A . How many electronic transitions
may occur from this orbit to the first excited state.

Kn2
26. Paschen gave an equation for wavelength of spectral line of H-spectrum as  = .
n2 − 9
x
The value of K in terms of Rydberg constant R is then ‘x’ i
R

Key

1. C 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. C 6. A
7. A 8. D 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. D
13. A 14. A 15. A 16. B 17. D 18. AC
19. ABCD 20. BC 21. 4
22. 6 23. 5 24. 4 25. 6 26. 9