CLASS

10 SCIENCE

40 QUESTIONS
IMPORTANT

PHYSICS
CLASS

10 SCIENCE

40 QUESTIONS
IMPORTANT

PHYSICS
Q1 The angle between the incident ray and reflected
ray is 60°, the angle of incidence is

(A) 60°
(B) 30°
(C) 45°
(D) 90°
Q2 A concave mirror of radius 30 cm is placed in water.
It's focal length in air and water differ by

(A) 15
(B) 30
(C) 20
(D) 0
Q3 Draw ray diagrams to show the principal focus of a
(i) concave mirror
(ii) convex mirror
Q4 State any three difference between real image and virtual image
formed by a spherical mirror.
Real Image
After reflection from the mirror, the light rays are meet or
intersect.
Image actually can be obtained On the Screen.
The real image is always inverted and formed below the
It is always formed in front of the spherical mirror/lens.

Virtual image
After reflection from the mirror, the light rays do
not intersect but appear to meet at a point.
Image cannot be obtained On the screen.
The virtual image is always erect and formed above
the principal axis.
It is always formed behind the spherical mirror/lens.
Q5 A concave mirror of focal length 15 cm can form a magnified erect
as well as inverted image of an object placed in front of it."
Justify this statement stating the position of the object with
respect to the pole of the mirror in both cases for obtaining the
images.
When the object is placed between P (pole) and F
(focus) of the concave mirror, we get a magnified and
erect image.
When the object is placed between C (centre of
curvature) and F (focus), we get a magnified and
inverted image
Q6 An object is placed in front of a convex mirror at infinity.
According to the New Cartesian Sign Convention, the sign of the
focal length and the sign of image distance in this case are
respectively:
(A) + -
(B) - +
(C) - -
(D) + +
Q7 A real image, 1/5 th the size of object is formed at a distance of
18 cm from a mirror. What is the nature of mirror? Calculate its
focal length
Q8 Draw a diagram and apply Cartesian sign conventions for calculating
the focal length and nature of a spherical mirror which forms a
1/3 times magnified virtual image of an object placed 18 cm in
front of it.
Q9 Which of the following represents correctly Snell's law of
refraction?

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Q10 An object placed on a metre scale at 8 em mark was focussed on a
white sereen placed at 92 cm mark, using a converging lens placed
on the scale at 50 cm mark.
(A) Find the focal length of converging lens.
(B) Find the position of the image formed if the object is shifted
towards the lens at a position of 29.0 cm.
(C) State the nature of the image formed if the object is further
shifted towards the lens.
Q10 An object placed on a metre scale at 8 em mark was focussed on a
white sereen placed at 92 cm mark, using a converging lens placed
on the scale at 50 cm mark.
(A) Find the focal length of converging lens.
(B) Find the position of the image formed if the object is shifted
towards the lens at a position of 29.0 cm.
(C) State the nature of the image formed if the object is further
shifted towards the lens.
Q11 Near and far points of a young person normal eye respectively are:

(A) 0 and infinity

(B) 25 cm and infinity
(C) 25 cm and 150 cm.
(D) O and 25 cm
Q12 Name the four parts labelled as a, b, c and d in given diagram and
write their functions.

(A) Pupil: It controls and regulates the amount of light

entering the eye.
(B) Ciliary muscles: These muscles help to modify the
curvature and there by the focal length of eye lens to
focus the image of the object on the retina.
(C) Iris: It controls the size of the pupil.
(D) Retina: A real, inverted and diminished image of the
object is formed on it.
Q14 Noopur needs a lens of power -4.5D for correction of her vision.
(a) What kind of defect in vision is she suffering from?
(6) What is the focal length and nature of the corrective lens?
(c) Draw ray diagrams showing the (i) defected eye and (i)
correction for this defect.
(d) What are the causes of this defect?
Q15 The phenomenon of dispersion prove that

(A) white light passes through a transparent medium.

(B) sunlight is made up of seven colours.
(C) light travels in a straight line path.
(D) different colours travel with the same speed while
passing through a glass prism.
Q16 What is a spectrum? How can we recombine the components of
white light after a glass prism has separated them? llustrate it
by drawing a diagram.

Spectrum: The band of the coloured components of a

white light beam such as Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green,
Yellow, Orange and Red, is called its spectrum.

We can recombine the components of the white light

after a glass prism has separated them by placing a
second identical prism in an inverted position with
respect to the first prism.
Q17 Why is Tyndall effect shown by colloidal particles? State four
instances of observing the Tyndall effect.

Tyndall effect: Scattering of beam of visible light by

the colloidal particles present in the colloidal
solutionis called Tyndall effect.
It occurs when the dimension of the dispersed particle
that are causing the scattering are larger than the
wavelength of incident light

Four instances of Tyndall effect are:

Headlight of a car shining through fog.
When a fine beam of sunlight enters a
smoke-filled room through a small hole.
When sunlight passes through a canopy
of a dense forest.
Blue colour of sky.
Q18 The unit of electric charge is

(A) ampere
(B) coulomb
(C) joule
(D) ohm
Q19 The number of electrons constituting one coulomb of charge is

(A) 6 x 10
(B) 6x 10
(C) 1.6 x 10
(D) 1.6 x 10
Q20 When two points at different potential are connected across the
ends of a conductor, the electric current flows through it from
the point

(A) at a higher potential to a lower potential

(B) at a lower potential to a higher potential
(C) at zero potential to the some potential point
(D) cannot say
Q21 When two points at different potential are connected across the
ends of a conductor, the electric current flows through it from
the point
(A) at a higher potential to a lower potential
(B) at a lower potential to a higher potential
(C) at zero potential to the some potential point
(D) cannot say
Q22 Calculate the amount of work done in shifting of charge of 2C
from a point A to B having potentials +10 V and -5 V
respectively.
Q23 In the experiment on studying the dependence of current (I) and
potential difference (V), three students plotted the following
graph between (V) and (I) as per their respective observations.

The observation likely to be correct are those of

(a) Student I only
(c) Student III only
(b) Student II only
(d) All the three students
Q24 If a person has five resistors each of value 1/5 then the
maximum resistance he can obtain byconnecting them is
(A) 1
(B) 5
(C) 10
(D) 25
Q25 Three resistors of resistance 1 , 2 and 3 are connected in
series combination and draw the current 0.5 A from the power
source. The potential difference across the combination is
(A) 3 V
(B) 12 V
(C) 1/12 V
(D) 6 V
Q26 Two resistors 3 and unknown resistor are connected in a series
across a 12V battery. If the 2 voltage drop across the unknown
resistor is 6V, find
(A) potential across 3 resistance
(B) the current through unknown resistor 'R'
(C) equivalent resistance of the circuit.
Q27 Find the current following through the following electric circuit.
Q28 State the factors on which the heat produced in a current
carrying conductor depends. Give one practical application of this
effect.
According to Joule's law of heating effect, the heat (H) produced
in a current carrying conductor depends upon
(i) square of current pass through it
(ii) resistance of the conductor
(iii) time for which current is passed in conductor

Practical application of heating effect

(i) Electric heater
(ii) Fuse
Q29 An electric motor rated 1100 W is connected to 220 V mains.
Find:
(i) The current drawn from the mains.
(ii) Electric energy consumed if the motor is used for 5 hours
daily for 6 days.
(iii) Total cost of energy consumed if the rate of one unit is ₹5.
Q30 A compass needle is a/an
(a) iron piece
(c) steel bar
(b) small magnet
(d) powerful bar magnet
Q31 A freely suspended magnet always rests in geographically north
and south direction because
(a) the Earth has two poles.
(b) the Earth behaves as a huge magnet.
(c) the magnetic north pole of the Earth magnet is located very
close to its south pole.
(d) the magnetic south pole of the Earth magnet is located very
close to its south pole.
Q32 (A) Two magnets are lying side by side as shown below. Draw
magnetic field lines between poles
(B) What does the degree of closeness of magnetic field lines
near the poles signify?

The degree of closeness of magnetic field lines near

the poles signify that field is stronger, i.e. the pole of
another magnet when placed in the magnetic field
experiences a greater force in the region where the
field lines are crowded.
Q33 The resultant magnetic field at point P' situated midway between
two parallel wires (placed horizontally) each carrying a steady
current I is

(a) in the same direction as the current in the wires.

(b) in the vertically upward direction.
(c) Zero
(d) in the vertically downward direction.
Q34 (a) List two factors on which the magnitude of magnetic field
produced by a current carrying straight conductor depends.
(b) State the rule which determines the direction of magnetic
field in the above case.
(a) The factors on which magnitude of magnetic field(B) produced
by a current (/) carrying conductor depends
current flowing in the conductor as B I.
distance (r) from the wire as B

Right hand thumb rule: It state that it we hold

the current carrying conductor in the right hand in
such a way that the thumb is stretched along the
direction of current, then the curly finger around
the conductor represent the direction of magnetic
field around the conductor produced by it.
Q35 The strength of magnetic field of a current carrying solenoid is
(a) minimum at its ends
(b) uniform inside it at all points
(c) maximum at its centre
(d) zero at its centre
Q36(a) What is a solenoid?
(b) Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines of the magnetic field
produced by a solenoid through which a steady current flows

Solenoid: A coil of many circular turns of copper wire wrapped

closely in the shape of cylinder is called a solenoid.
Q37(a) What is an electromagnet? List any two uses.
(b) Draw a labelled diagram to show how an electromagnet is made.

Electromagnet: It is a device consisting of an iron or steel core that

is magnetised by the strong magnetic field produced by electric
current passing through the coil that surrounds it i.e.
solenoid.
Uses of electromagnet:
It is used to separate magnetic substance
from non-magnetic substance.
It is used in electric bells, telephone receivers,
microphones, loudspeakers, television etc.
Q38(A) State the purpose of soft iron core used in making an
electromagnet.
(B) List two ways of increasing the strength of an electromagnet
if the material of the electromagnet is fixed.
Soft iron core makes the magnetic field stronger because it
becomes a magnet itself.
Soft iron loses its magnetism as soon as the current stops
flowing. So, it is a temporary magnet.

Two ways of increasing the strength of an electromagnet:

By increasing the current magnitude passing through the
solenoid.
By increasing the number of turns in solenoid.
Q39State the rule used to find the force acting on a current carriying
conductor placed in a magnetic field.
Fleming's Left-Hand Rule: Stretch the thumb,
forefinger and middle finger of the left hand
mutually perpendicular to each other such that
the forefinger point towards the direction of
magnetic field, the middle finger points in the
direction of current, then the thumb will indicate
the direction of motion or force experienced by
the conductor. It is to be applied only when the
current and magnetic fields both are
perpendicular to each other.
Q40 Explain, why fuse wire is made ofa tin-lead alloy
and not copper?
Tin-lead alloy has a low melting point so wire
made of this alloy melt easily whereas copper
has a high melting point due to which fuse made
of copper wire will not melt easily when a short
circuit takes place.
Q41 Why is an alternating current (A.C) considered to be
advantageous over direct current(D.C.) for the long distance
transmission of electric power?

AC is preferred over DC because it can be

transmitted over long distance without much
loss of energy.

Q42 How is the type of current used in

household supply different from the one
given by a battery of dry cells?
In household supply, alternating current (AC)
is used. The source of AC is AC generator.
The current given by a battery of dry cell is
direct current (DC).
Q43 State two point difference between short circuit and
overloading.
Short Circuit :
It occurs when live wire comes in direct
contact with neutral wire.
Current in the circuit abruptly increases.
Voltage drops to zero.

Overloading :
It occurs by connecting too many appliances
to a single socket and turned on
simultaneously.
Less amount of current flows
Voltage becomes low but cannot
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